biology form 4

1. Cell specialisation
Cell undergoing differention to carry
a specific function.
Differention- Cell change it structure
or shape in order to carry specific
function efficiently.

4. Xylem vessel
transport water from
root to the leaves
support plant(mechanical
strenght)

5. Differentiation of xylem
• Deposition of lignint
support
• Elimination of cytoplasm- dead tissue
(reduce obstacle)
• Elimination of the joined end wall to form
hollow tiub.
(enable water move in one water column
continuosly)

7. Other examples

9. phloem
Specialised structure
• Seive plate
• Seive tube
• Thin layer of cytoplasm
Live cell

10. function
Transport organic substances/ food
from leaves to all parts of plant.
translocation

12. Specialised structure
• Long projection elongate from an
epidermal cell
• To increase surface area
• Enable more water absorbed by
root

15. Specialised structure
• Contain chloroplast ( not present in others
epidermal cell like onion)
• Thick inner wall
• Thin outer wall
A type of epidermal cell

16. Function of guard cell
Control opening and closing of
stomata.

19. Function oF stoma

21. Epidermal tissue

24. SPECIALISED AND FUNCTION
• MANY CHLOROPLAST
• ARRANGE VERTICALLY
• CLOSELY
• TRAP MORE LIGHT TO
CARRY
PHOTOSYNTHESIS

25. Plant cell
Parenchyma

27. OTHERS PLANT CELL