A rectifier converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) by allowing current to flow in only one direction. It uses diodes to change the direction of the current periodically in AC to one direction in DC. A transformer steps down household AC voltage of 220V to a lower voltage like 12V AC. The rectified DC current from the diodes is then smoothed by a capacitor to produce steady DC output used to power various devices and applications without batteries.

2. What is rectifier??????
A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating
current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct
current (DC), which flows in only one direction. The process
is known as rectification.

3. What are AC and DC?????
 AC stands for Alternating current
 Alternating current is the current which
changes its polarity or direction
simultaneously
 DC stands for Direct Current
 Direct current is the current which does not
changes its direction or polarity

4. AC and DC

5. What is a transformer????
 Transformer is an apparatus for reducing or
increasing the voltage of an alternating current.
 There are two types of transformer :-
 Step Up transformer
 Step down transformer
 In our Project we have used a “STEP DOWN”
transformer

6. Transformer

7. What Is A Diode?
-Diode is a semiconductor device with
two terminals, typically allowing the
flow of current in one direction only.
-In our project we have used two diodes
parallel connected to each other.
-Its symbol is-
Anode Cathode

8. Diode

9. What is a Capacitor?????????
- Capacitor is a device used to store an electric
charge, consisting of one or more pairs of
conductors separated by an insulator.
- We use a smoothening capacitor in our
project to make output DC current smooth.
- It has symbol :-
-Electrolytic capacitors
-Disc capacitors

10. Capacitors

11. Rectification

12. Our Circuit Diagram
C
Output 1 Output 2

13. Working of Our Circuit
Step down
transformer
220V AC to 12V AC
Rectification
with the help
of diode
DC current
Generated but
not smooth
Smoothing
Capacitor
Smooth Direct
Current

14. Our Model

15. Applications of Rectifier
 There is a wide range of rectifier used in mobile
chargers, adapters, etc.

16. Applications of Rectifier
Rectifiers are also used -
for detection of amplitude modulated radio
signals.
-Rectifiers supply polarized voltage for welding.

17. Application of rectifier
 Rectifiers can run our projects without batteries..