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E lecture
- 1. PRESENTED BY: DR. VIBHA KHANNA ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR (BOTANY)
- 3. The Basics of Extracellular Cell Signaling Signal Transduction: is a cascade of biochemical reactions inside the cell that eventually reach the target molecule or reaction. It is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events
- 4. RECEPTORS
- 5. General Rule
- 6. I. Membrane Receptors 1. 2. 3. 4.
- 10. Single transmembrane α-helix receptor {Tyrosine protein kinase Receptor }
- 13. Common Second Messengers: Cyclic AMP (cAMP) cAMP tends to bind to ion channels, opening them, and protein kinases, activating them.
- 14. Phospholids can be hydrolized to form second messengers: DAG &IP3 Example: Phosphatidyl inositol-bisphosphate (PIP2)
- 15. Other Common Second Messenger: Ca2+
- 16. Two or More Second Messengers May Work Together
- 17. Signal Transduction: Protein Kinase Cascade Critical Functions: 1. Amplifies Signal 2. Communicates to the Nucleus 3. Multiple steps provides Specificity
- 20. CRE : cAMP response element (TGACGTCA) CREB: CRE binding protein DNACRE CREB PKA Ｐ Transcription mRNA CREB PKA Ｐ Third Messengers
- 22. “The Nature has Music for Those who Listen”
Editor's Notes
- A set of chemical reactions in a cell that occurs when a molecule, such as a hormone, attaches to a receptor on the cell membrane. The pathway is actually a cascade of biochemical reactions inside the cell that eventually reach the target molecule or reaction. Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response.
- A set of chemical reactions in a cell that occurs when a molecule, such as a hormone, attaches to a receptor on the cell membrane. The pathway is actually a cascade of biochemical reactions inside the cell that eventually reach the target molecule or reaction. Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response.