Physical Science: Atomic Number and Atomic Mass, Elements and Compounds, Classification and States of Matter, Stoichiometry (Balancing an Equation and Percent Composition)

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Let’s Review!!
Physical Science
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2. CHECKPOINT
What type of charge does a proton
have? Neutron? Electron?
Which two subatomic particles are
located in the nucleus of an atom?
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Protons = positive
Neutrons = zero
Electrons = negative
Neutrons and protons
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The atomic number tells you the number of
______ in one atom of an element. It also tells
you the number of ______ in a neutral atom of
that element. The atomic number gives the
“identity” of an element as well as it’s location
on the periodic table. No two different elements
will have ______ atomic number.
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protons
electrons
same
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6. CHECKPOINT
The mass number is used to calculate the
number of _____ in one atom of an
element. In order to calculate the number
of neutrons you must subtract the ______
from the _____.
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7. CHECKPOINT
protons/electrons
Atomic number
Atomic mass
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8. CHECKPOINT
_______ cannot be separated by physical or
chemical means.
Two or more elements chemically combined
make up a _______.
Elements and compounds are called ______
substances because they have a unique set of
chemical and physical properties.
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Elements
Compound
Pure
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10. CHECKPOINT
Identify each of the following as either element
or a compound.
a. Carbon e. Tin
b. Water f. Silicon Dioxide
c. Aluminum foil g. Helium
d. Plastic h. Arsenic
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Elements = a, c, e, g, h
Compounds = b, d, f
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12. CHECKPOINT
When fossil fuels are burned, carbon
dioxide and water are produced. What
elements MUST be contained in fossil
fuels? (assume the oxygen comes from
the air)
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Carbon
and
Hydrogen
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Elements:
a. A pure substance containing only one kind of ___.
b. An element is ALWAYS _____ all the way through
(homogenous).
c. An element ______be separated into simpler materials
(except during nuclear reactions).
d. 120 existing elements are listed and classified on the
________________.
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Elements:
a. atom
b. uniform
c. cannot
d. Periodic Table
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Compounds:
a. A pure substance containing two or more kinds of ________.
b. The atoms are ______ combined in some way. Often times (but
not always) they come together to form groups of atoms called
___
c. Compounds _____ be separated by physical means.
d. The properties of a compound are usually ______ than the
properties of the elements it contains.
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Compounds:
a. Atoms
b. Chemically; Molecules
c. Cannot
d. Different
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Mixtures:
a. Two or more _____ or ____ NOT chemically combines.
b. They can be uniform called homogeneous and are known as
____.
c. They can also be non-uniform called _____.
d. They can be separated into their components by ____ or _____
means.
e. The properties of a mixture are _______ to the properties of its
components.
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Mixtures:
a. Elements; compounds
b. Solution
c. Heterogenous
d. Chemically/physically; similar
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20. CHECKPOINT
Classify each of the following as elements,
compounds, or mixtures. Write the letter X if it is none
of these.
a. Diamond d. Air g. Energy
b. Krypton e. Water h. Popcorn
c. Ammonia f. Wood i. Electricity
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a. Element
b. Element
c. Compound
d. Mixture
e. Compound
f. Mixture
g. X
h. Mixture
i. X
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22. CHECKPOINT
Write whether the substance is an element,
compound, heterogeneous mixture, or
solution.
a. Steam d. Pepsi
b. Salt Water e. Toothpaste
c. Pencil Lead f. Lemonade
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a. Compound
b. Solution
c. Element
d. Heterogenous
e. Compound
f. Solution
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Classify the following as element,
compound, or mixture.
a. Sodium d. Eggs
b. Coffee e. Blood
c. Chicken noodle soup f. Table Salt
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a. Element
b. Mixture
c. Mixture
d. Mixture
e. Mixture
f. Compound
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26. CHECKPOINT
Balance the equation.
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2 7 6 4

27. CHECKPOINT
Balance the equation.
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4 7 2 4

28. CHECKPOINT
Balance the equation.
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4 5 4 6

29. CHECKPOINT
Classify the types of reaction as combustion,
combination, or decomposition.
a.
b.
c.
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a. Combustion
b. Decomposition
c. Combination
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31. CHECKPOINT
What is the percent composition for carbon and hydrogen in ethane, C2H6?
Solution:
C = 2 x 12amu =24 amu
H = 6 x 1amu = 6 amu
_______________
30 amu
%C = 24amu/30amu x 100 = 80
%H = 6amu/30amu x 100 =20
Therefore, %C is 80% and %H is 20%
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32. CHECKPOINT
What is the percent composition for each element
in sodium sulfate?
a. 32% Na ; 23% S ; 45% O
b. 32% S ; 23% Na ; 45% O
c. 32% 0 ; 23% S ; 45% Na
d. 32% Na ; 23% O ; 45% S
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33. CHECKPOINT
Which one of the following element has the
least number of electrons?
a. Cl
b. Ar
c. Ca
d. O
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34. CHECKPOINT
How many protons, neutrons, and
electrons are present in Mercury?
Gallium? Molybdenum?
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35. CHECKPOINT
Mercury:
protons = electrons = 80, neutrons = 113
Gallium:
protons = electrons = 31, neutrons = 39
Molybdenum:
protons = electrons = 42, neutrons = 54
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36. CHECKPOINT
What symbol correctly represents an
element with 144 neutrons and 237
amu?
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37. CHECKPOINT
Neptunium
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38. CHECKPOINT
A solid is a state of matter that has a(n)
a. Indefinite volume and an indefinite shape.
b. Definite volume and a definite shape.
c. Definite volume and an indefinite shape.
d. Indefinite volume and a definite shape.
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39. CHECKPOINT
In which state of matter are particles packed
tightly together in fixed positions?
a. Gas
b. Solid
c. Liquid
d. Compound
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40. CHECKPOINT
The change from liquid to solid, or the reverse
of melting, is called
a. Condensation
b. Boiling
c. Sublimation
d. Freezing
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41. CHECKPOINT
What is vaporization?
a. A gas becoming a liquid
b. A liquid becoming a solid
c. A gas becoming a solid
d. A liquid becoming a gas
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42. CHECKPOINT
During the process of sublimation,
a. A solid turns directly into a gas
b. A solid turns into a liquid
c. A gas turns directly into a solid
d. A liquid turns into a gas
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43. CHECKPOINT
An uncovered pot of soup is simmering on a stove, and there
are water droplets on the wall above the back of the stove.
What sequence can you infer has occurred?
a. melting, then boiling
b. Freezing, then thawing
c. Vaporization, then condensation
d. Condensation, then vaporization
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44. CHECKPOINT
When a person wearing glasses enters a warm house after
being outside on a cold day, their glasses fog up because of
a. Vaporization
b. Condensation
c. Sublimation
d. Melting
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45. CHECKPOINT
After swimming on a very hot day Ramil was having a refreshing
glass of water. As he rested by the pool, the water on his arm
evaporated and the ice cubes melted in his glass. From this situation,
how many states did the water exist in?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
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46. CHECKPOINT
How is a heterogeneous mixture different from a
homogeneous mixture? A heterogeneous mixture
is…
a. Evenly mixed
b. Massive and takes up space
c. Unevenly mixed
d. A solution
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47. CHECKPOINT
Complete the table
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Relative Mass Charge Location in Atom
Proton a. ____ +1 b. _____
Neutron 1 c. ____ Inside the nucleus
Electron 0 d. ____ e. _____

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Relative Mass Charge Location in Atom
Proton 1 +1 Inside the nucleus
Neutron 1 0 Inside the nucleus
Electron 0 -1 Outside the
nucleus

49. CHECKPOINT
Identification:
a. It is the formation of CO2 and H2O from
the reaction of a chemical and O2.
b. It is the addition of two or more simple
reactants to form a complex product.
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a. Combustion
b.Combination /
Synthesis
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51. CHECKPOINT
Identify the following:
a. The chemical you start with before the
reaction.
b. The new chemical formed by the reaction.
c. It is written on right side of equation.
d. It is written on left side of equation.
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a. Reactant
b. Product
c. Product
d. Reactant
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53. CHECKPOINT
e. It shows how many atoms of an element
are in a molecule.
f. It shows how many molecules there are of
a particular chemical.
g. Matter is neither created nor destroyed.
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54. CHECKPOINT
e. Subscript
f. Coefficient
g. Law of Conservation of
Energy
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55. CHECKPOINT
h. It is the neutral charged particles.
i. It is a collection of nuclear protons and
neutrons.
j. It is the number of protons in the nucleus of
each atom of that element.
k. It is when electrons gained or lost an atom.
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56. CHECKPOINT
h. Neutron
i. Nucleons
j. Atomic Number
k. Ions
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57. CHECKPOINT
l. Why is the neutron number N
equal to the mass number A minus the
atomic number Z?
m. What is the collective name for the
two particles that make a nucleus?
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58. CHECKPOINT
l. Atomic number is also the number of protons. In
an atom, nucleus is composed of proton and
neutron. The total mass of the nucleus is 99.98%
or near to 100%. So, in order to find the number
of neutron, subtract the total mass of an element
to its number of protons (atomic number).
m.Nucleons
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59. CHECKPOINT
n. It is a solution in which water is the
solvent.
o. It is a solution in which more solute can
be dissolved in the solution.
p. It is a solution in which maximum amount
of solute can be dissolved in the solvent.
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n. Aqueous
o. Unsaturated
p. Saturated
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61. CHECKPOINT
q. It is the amount of solute that will dissolve
in a specified volume or mass of solvent to
produce a saturated solution.
r. It contains more than the normal maximum
amount of dissolved solute at its
temperature.
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62. CHECKPOINT
q.Solubility
r. Supersaturated
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63. CHECKPOINT
Balance the following equation with the smallest whole number
coefficients. Choose the answer that is the sum of the coefficients in
the balanced equation. Do not forget coefficients of “one”.
PtCl4 + XeF2 ---> PtF6 + ClF + Xe
a. 16
b. 22
c. 24
d. 26
e. 32
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64. CHECKPOINT
Balance the following equation using minimal integral coefficients:
NH3 + O2 ---> NO2 + H2O
The stoichiometric coefficient for oxygen gas O2 is:
a. 1
b. 4
c. 3
d. 7
e. 5
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65. CHECKPOINT
Which of the following statements is FALSE for the chemical equation given
below in which nitrogen gas reacts with hydrogen gas to form ammonia gas
assuming the reaction goes to completion?
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
a. The reaction of one mole of H2 will produce 2/3 moles of NH3
b. One mole of N2 will produce two moles of NH3
c. One molecule of nitrogen requires 3 molecules of hydrogen for complete
reaction.
d. The reaction of 14 g of nitrogen produces 17 g of ammonia.
e. The reaction of three moles of hydrogen gas will produce 17 g of
ammonia.
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