Redefining Solutions Through Better Chemistry

THE RIGHT CHEMISTRY

VENTURE CHEMICALS, INC. is a diverse group of like-minded profession-
als venturing together to provide better solutions through better chemistry.
Formed in 1977, Venture Chemicals explored the commercializing of some
basic cellulose and lignite derivatives processing technology, developing and
patenting the original core technology for the seepage-loss additives industry.
Initial efforts were directed toward the oil and gas industry. Since that time,
we have grown and expanded, selling to a wide variety of industries. Venture
Chemicals, Inc. is a highly diversified specialty chemical manufacturing com-
pany serving many markets. But as diverse as our product lines are, all have
a shared formula - our passion for new products, improved technology and
breakthrough solutions.

LAFAYETTE, LOUISIANA IS HOME. Serving a vari-
ety of industries in markets around the world with
innovative products is at our core. Research and
development is located at our primary laboratory fa-
cilities in Lafayette. Approximately 200 patents have
been issued to VCI and our subsidiaries through our
R&D programs. VCI maintains laboratory facilities in
Lafayette, Louisiana and Seagraves, Texas. Manufac-
turing facilities are located in Seagraves. The com-
pany has extensive chemical processing capabilities.

As a responsible innovator, Venture Chemicals, Inc.
is dedicated to meeting or exceeding the increasing-
ly strict, multi-governmental environmental regula-
tions. All of our locations operate under numerous
environmental permits. Venture Chemicals, Inc. is
committed to remaining a model environmental citizen.

VCI was acquired by Enterra Corporation (NYSE)
in 1981 as part of an oilfield expansion program. In
1986, Venture Chemicals, Inc. was reacquired from
Enterra and remains a privately held corporation
today. Our emphasis is in the oil and gas industry,
while also maintaining a strong presence in the
organic fertilizer, feed additive, water cleaning and
wax oxidation areas.

Our present is firmly based on the strengths of our
past. In the years ahead, we will assure our bright
future through a relentless dedication to our
customers, employees and the next great idea.

IN ORDER TO SERVE OUR CUSTOMERS BETTER and
remain far ahead of the industry curve, Venture Chemi-
cals, Inc. operates two Laboratories and one Pilot Plant
facility.

Our primary laboratory is located in Lafayette,
Louisiana. This laboratory serves multiple purposes,
including technical support services, quality assurance
testing, and research and development of innovative
new products and continual improvement of current
products. Three Chemists, a Chemical Engineer and
highly experienced Laboratory Technicians currently
staff this laboratory. It’s equipped with drilling fluid
testing equipment, analytical tools, and specialty
reaction vessels.

Our North Texas laboratory serves the primary function
of ensuring product quality through our Quality Man-
agement System. It provides real-time quality control
for all products we manufacture. Testing includes pH,
particle size, moisture, density and solubility analysis,
plus product specific performance testing.

Our Pilot Plant facility, also located in Lafayette, is
managed by a PhD with a strong background in prod-
uct development, scale-up and troubleshooting. Our
Pilot Plant is equipped with a vast array of testing
capabilities. Maintaining this facility allows us to mini-
mize the time from product development to full-scale
production.

At Venture Chemicals, our research and development
efforts are customer driven - pushing excellence and
ourselves further each and every day.

AHEAD OF THE CURVE
CELLULOSE SEEPAGE AND LCM PRODUCTS
Venture Chemicals, Inc. developed and introduced the “micronized, surface modified
cellulose seepage loss additive” concept in the late 1970’s. In addition, we were is-
sued seven key patents concerning this type of product manufacturing and process-
ing. We also developed optimum application methods, lab and field-testing proce-
dures, quality control procedures, formation damage testing, and alkaline removal
techniques for cellulose fibers. A number of SPE papers have been written concern-
ing these developments. Read all about us.

Today, there are at least 45 companies worldwide that are selling cellulose-based
seepage loss and lost circulation additives. Most of these companies sell generic
products supplied by a few key manufacturers. It’s our opinion that only one other
company, besides Venture Chemicals, Inc., of this group, has actually added any new
technology to this area. Most have focused on simply selling generic products, and
have brought little to the technology table. For better than 34 years, Venture Chem-
icals, Inc., has been a consistent innovator and an industry leader.

ORGANO-HUMATES
Over the past 30 years, Venture Chemicals has been one of the only companies ca-
pable of manufacturing and supplying Organo-Humates (or Amine-Treated Lignites)
on a world-wide basis. Being a consistent supplier to a majority of the leading mud
companies on a world-wide basis, Venture has been a pioneer and a constant inno-
vator in this highly specialized area of drilling fluid additives.

APHRONS
The AphronICSTM drilling fluid technology was subsequently developed with a sister
company as a combination of field and laboratory tests. The Aphron technology is a
novel fluid system that uses micron sized gas bubbles to produce a variable density
drilling fluid.

For better than 34 years, Venture Chemicals, Inc., has been a consistent innovator
and an industry leader. Stay tuned for our next category changing technology.

VENTURE
CHEMICALS
OILFIELD
PRODUCTS

Product Lines
Venture Chemicals groups it oilfield products into three areas:

OIL-BASED FLUIDS:
Organolinates, known as Ven Chems, and seepage loss fibers, Ven Fibers, form the basis of
the Oil Fluids Line.

Several additions to this line are under development with the release of organoclays and
emulsifiers.

WATER-BASED FLUIDS:
Lignites and Fibers form the core of Water-Based Fluids.

Surfactants, Lubricators and Viscosifiers complete this line, including the introduction of
Mixed Metal Silicates that can be used in all forms of drilling.

SPECIALTY:
Venture provides a wide variety of specialty products used in bore-hole control including
Squeezes, Seals, Plugs, Sweeps and Pills.

OIL BASED FLUIDS WATER BASED FLUIDS SPECIALTY CIRCULATION

Organolignites Lignites Squeezes

Ven-Chems Fibers Seals

Fibers Delta ‘P’ Plugs

Ven-Fyber Surfactants Pills

Organoclays* Lubricators Sweeps

Emulsifiers* Viscosifiers

Ven-BHC Plus*

*Under Development

VENTURE CHEMICALS, produces a family of organo-humate derivatives

based on the reaction of humic acids (derived from oxidized lignite) with

various high molecular weight organic compounds such as, but not limited

to, fatty amines. These reactions result in a conversion of normally water-

soluble/-dispersible humates into organo-humates that are soluble/dispersible

in non-aqueous solvents such as oils. These organo-humates are black, free

flowing powders that produce colloidal dispersions in non-aqueous systems.

OUR ORGANO-HUMATES are a useful specialty fluid loss additive for oil

base drilling fluids. Due to their colloidal nature and controlled solubility in

diesel and mineral oils, they can be used to control the fluid loss properties

of oil base fluids exceeding temperatures of 500°F. With special applica-

tion techniques, they can be used considerably above 550°F.

SOME OF THE USEFUL SECONDARY PROPERTIES of our organo-humates

are as emulsification enhancement, emulsion stabilizer and dispersant in

certain types of oil-based drilling fluid systems.

ORGANO-HUMATES can also be used in special slug treating situations

in water-based drilling fluids. They can be incorporated into an oil pill

and added with a special slugging technique whereby the pill is pumped

around the hole. This is particularly useful in cases of differential pressure

sticking in pressure-depleted sands.

ORGANO-HUMATES also have some potential utility as specialty fluid

loss additives in oil base fracturing fluids.

Some of the most popular
organo-humate compounds
produced by Venture Chemicals

An organo-humate derived by the
reaction of humic acid with high
molecular weight fatty derivatives. It has
a compacted bulk density of 55 lb./cu. ft.
and a moisture content of 8-10%.
Recommended for use in organic sys-
tems at temperatures up to 300°F.

Oil dispersible, powdered additive
originally designed for effective Filtration
control in oil base and invert emulsion mud
systems. It has a bulk density of 55 lb./cu.
ft. and a moisture content of 8-10%.
Recommended for use in organic systems
at temperatures below 400°F.

Organo-humate originally designed as
a non-asphaltic, oil-dispersible fluid loss
additive for oil muds and invert oil mud
systems. It has a compacted bulk density
of 55 lb./cu. ft. and a moisture content of
8-10%. Recommended for use in organic
systems at temperatures above 500° F.

Ven-Chem 215
is recommended for use at temperatures less than 300°F

Ven-Chem 208
is recommended for use at temperatures from 300°F - 400°F

Ven-Chem 222
is recommended for use at temperatures from 400°F - 500°+F

The properties of drilling fluid and most systems up to 400°F when used
other additives can have an effect on the properly and Ven-Chem 215 should perform
performance of the Ven-Chem additive. well up to 300°F. Ven-Chem 222 should
Varying systems in similar conditions be used in those circumstances beyond
might require a different Ven-Chem ad- the thermal threshold of Ven-Chem 208,
ditive or concentration to realize similar usually in excess of 375°F-400°F for most
results. fluid systems. Ven-Chem 222 has exhibited
The Ven-Chem fluid loss additives thermal stability at temperatures above 500°F.
should be bench tested under expected In the event of testing issues or
field conditions to determine the best problems with the Ven-Chem products
Ven-Chem product. For example, many please let us know so we can collaborate
customers have found they can utilize and share knowledge.
Ven-Chem 215 in their fluid systems at
temperatures up to 350°F. VENTURE CHEMICALS will happily
If it’s known that sustained temper- provide all manner of technical assistance
atures above 350°F will be encountered, to our clients. Technical assistance is
Ven-Chem 208 and 222 should be evalu- available for the design and testing of
ated for use in the system. For sustained complete fluid systems as well as the
temperatures below 350°F Ven-Chem 215 handling of routine or special drilling issues.
and 208 should be evaluated for use.
Our experience shows that Ven-Chem
208 should give satisfactory results in

Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION VEN-CHEM 208 can be used effectively at bottom
hole temperatures up to 400ºF and applications at
VEN-CHEM 208 is an oil-dispersible, powdered even higher temperatures are possible through use
additive designed for effective filtration control in oil of a special "slug treatment" technique. Contact
base and invert emulsion mud systems. VEN-CHEM Venture Chemicals for further information.
208 is a chemically modified, organophilic lignite and
contains no asphalt or asphalt derivatives. VEN-CHEM Complete oil mud systems using complimentary
208 provides rapid and effective reduction of additives are available from Venture Chemicals,
excessive fluid loss in diesel oil, mineral oils, and Inc. Technical assistance is available in designing
synthetic systems, and retains its effectiveness at a complete system or handling routine and special
high bottom-hole temperatures. Secondary benefits drilling problems.
of VEN-CHEM 208 treatments include improved
emulsion stability, improved suspension, and more
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
stable rheological properties. 12 lb/gal; 80:20 Oil:Water Ratio Invert Mud System*
Base Mud &
TYPICAL PROPERTIES Base Mud, No Fluid 10 lb/bbl
Loss Additive VEN-CHEM 208
Appearance Black free flowing powder
Solubility In oil: highly dispersible to Muds hot-rolled 16 hrs. @ 350°F
slightly soluble Apparent Viscosity, cp 75 68
In water: insoluble and Plastic Viscosity, cp 64 61
Yield Point, lb/100 sq.ft. 24 14
hydrophobic Gel Strength, lb/100 sq.ft. 2/8 2/6
Moisture Content, % 6-10 API HT-HP filtration test
Bulk Density, lb/cu. ft.Compacted 55 @ 300ºF 500 psi, ml 40 10
Uncompacted 50 *Base Mud Formula: Exxon Mentor 28, 0.67 bbl; Calcium chloride
brine, 0.17 bbl; Primary emulsifier, 1 gal/bbl; Secondary emulsifier,
RECOMMENDATIONS 0.7 gal/bbl; Lime hydrate, 3.6 lb/bbl; Organophilic clay, 5.5 lb/bbl;
Barite, 229 lb/bbl.
VEN-CHEM 208 is for use in for use in synthetics, oil
bases and invert emulsion muds and can be added PACKAGING
directly to the system through the hopper. Typical
VEN-CHEM 208 is packaged in multiwall paper bags
treatment levels are 2-10 lb/bbl depending on the
with an internal polyethylene liner. Prices for special
desired level of control, the type of system used, and
packaging requirements will be quoted on request.
the bottom hole temperature.
VEN-CHEM 208 can be used in many types of PRECAUTIONS
systems, such as synthetics, mineral oil muds, diesel See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
muds, 100% oil phase muds, coring fluids and oil base concerning storage, handling, transportation and
workover and completion fluids. It is compatible with safety requirements.
most types of emulsifiers, oil wetting agents and mud
viscosifiers in current use.

REVIEWED/REVISED: 02/11 SUPERSEDES: 07/05 REV. NO.: 6
The information presented herein is based on the best data available and is believed to be correct. However, nothing stated in this information is to be taken as warranty, expressed or implied, regarding the accuracy of
the information or the use of our product; nor shall anything contained herein be construed to constitute a permission or recommendation to practice any invention covered by patent or patent application, or know-how
owned by Venture Chemicals, Inc., any of its divisions, or by others, without a license by the owner of the patent, patent application, or know-how.

Venture Chemicals, Inc. P.O. Box 53631 Lafayette, LA 70505
(337) 232-1977 www.venturechemicals.com

Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION VEN-CHEM 215 is recommended for use at static
bottom-hole temperatures of up to 300°F, although
VEN-CHEM 215 is an oil dispersible organophilic use at temperatures of up to 350°F is feasible in certain
lignite additive designed for effective filtration instances. The performance is highly dependent on
control in oil base and invert emulsion drilling fluid the type oil, the emulsifiers and the wetting agents.
systems. VEN-CHEM 215 is based on high quality For prolonged drilling at bottom-hole temperatures
leonardite which has been chemically modified by a over 300°F, use of either VEN-CHEM 208 or VEN-
proprietary process and contains no asphalt or asphalt CHEM 222 is recommended.
derivatives. Secondary benefits to VEN-CHEM 215
treatments include stabilization of mud properties VEN-CHEM 215 can be used in many types of
such as rheology, suspension, and emulsion stability. systems, such as mineral oil muds, diesel muds, 100%
oil-phase muds, synthetic based muds, coring fluids
TYPICAL PROPERTIES and oil base workover and completion fluids. It is
compatible with other drilling fluid additives.
Appearance Black, free flowing powder
VEN-CHEM 215 can be expected to exhibit a very low
Solubility In oil, slightly soluble and
level of toxicity, based on composition.
highly dispersible down to
colloidal size
In water, insoluble and PACKAGING
hydrophobic
VEN-CHEM 215 is packaged in 50 lb multi-wall paper
Moisture Content, % 12.0 (+/- 2%)
bags with an internal polyethylene liner. Prices for
Bulk Density, lb/cu ft Compacted: 55
special packaging will be quoted on request.
Uncompacted: 50

PRECAUTIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS
See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific
VEN-CHEM 215 is used in oil based, synthetic based,
information concerning storage, handling,
and invert emulsion muds and can be added directly
transportation, and safety requirements.
to the system through the hopper. Typical treatment
levels are 2-10 lb/bbl depending on the desired level
of control, the type of system in use, and the bottom-
hole temperature.



Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION Actual concentrations of VEN-CHEM 222 required
will depend on the type of system used, type and
VEN-CHEM 222 is a non-asphaltic, oil dispersible concentration of emulsifiers, type of oil, mud weight,
fluid loss additive designed specifically for oil muds type of gelling agent, temperature conditions, etc.
and invert oil mud systems. VEN-CHEM 222 is a high
performance fluid loss additive based on chemically An example of fluid loss control in No. 2 diesel oil is
modified, organophilic lignite. shown below:
VEN-CHEM 222 is specifically designed for high Conditions: each concentration dispersed in No. 2
temperature, oil base mud systems. It provides rapid diesel oil for 5 minutes on high speed blender.
and effective reduction of excessive fluid loss in VEN-CHEM 222, lb/bbl API FLUID LOSS
diesel oil, mineral oil and synthetic-based systems. Concentration ml/30 min.
VEN-CHEM 222 treatments generally provide some
secondary benefits such as improved emulsion 1 15
stability, increased tolerance to contamination, and 5 8
more stable rheological properties. 10 4
TYPICAL PROPERTIES NOTE: These properties are typical and some
variation in properties will be noticed from lot to lot.
Appearance Black, free flowing powder
Similar results can be obtained in various mineral oils
Solubility Water - insoluble
and synthetics.
Oils - highly dispersible
slightly soluble VEN-CHEM 222 can be used in 100% oil systems where
Moisture Content, % 6.0—10.0 low fluid loss properties are required. Such fluids
Bulk Density, lb/cu ft Compacted: 55 include base frac fluids, special coring fluids, and low
Uncompacted: 50 density, completion and workover systems.
RECOMMENDATIONS PACKAGING
VEN-CHEM 222 is recommended as an HTHP fluid VEN-CHEM 222 is packaged in multi-wall bags with an
loss additive for oil based, synthetic based and invert internal polyethylene liner. Prices for special packaging
oil mud systems, particularly where bottom hole will be quoted on request.
temperatures exceed 350ºF. If lower temperatures
are encountered, better cost/performance might be PRECAUTIONS
obtained with VEN-CHEM 208 or VEN-CHEM 215. See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
Typical concentrations vary from 2 lb/bbl to 20 lb/ concerning storage, handling, transportation, and
bbl. VEN-CHEM 222 can be added directly to the mud safety requirements.
system through the hopper.



CELLULOSE IS THE LARGEST VOLUME, Cellulose is a broad term used to
NATURALLY PRODUCED POLYMER ON THE describe many types of different structural
EARTH. Various types of cellulose have compounds. The type and chemical makeup
always been used as components of lost of cellulose varies widely from plant to
circulation products. Since the late 1970’s, plant source. For example, wood cellulose
specially processed celluloses became a from hard woods is different than cellulose
key component of seepage loss additives obtained from soft woods. Cellulose differs
and lost circulation products. greatly in both chemical and physical
All plant products contain several characteristics even within a broad
key components such as cellulose and category such as hard woods. In particular,
lignin. In trees, the cellulose is the struc- cellulose fluctuates broadly in molecular
tural component of the wood. The lignin weights depending on the plant source
component is the “glue” that holds the and the processing.
structure together. When trees are used Since there are thousands of plants,
to produce paper (cellulose) the wood is we have a tremendously diverse choice of
chipped and cooked in a digester. During cellulose sources.
this process the insoluble lignin is con- Another important cellulose con-
verted to water-soluble lignosulfonates. sideration, next to source selection, is the
The lignosulfonates are washed out of the numerous processing methods used to
cellulose. The cellulose is then processed convert cellulose into a seepage loss or
into paper. lost circulation product. Processing tech-
Many plants also produce starch. niques vary almost as widely as the sources
Starch is similar in composition to cel- of cellulose. These techniques can and
lulose except for a key chemical linkage. do include mechanical processing of many
Both starch and cellulose are classified as types. In other cases, these processes
polysaccharides. Chemically, this linkage include a wide variety of chemical methods.
difference makes starch and cellulose As a result of the almost unlimited
completely different in most properties. cellulose sources, types and processing
For example, starch ferments and is techniques, there are many cellulose-
biodegraded rapidly in hours or days. based products available. Obviously, these
Cellulose on the other hand, biodegrades products vary widely in both cost and
very slowly. Starch is highly water-soluble/ performance — another prime reason to
-dispersible, while cellulose has little water stay with the consistency, quality and value
dispersibility. of Venture Chemicals.

COMMENTS ON GENERIC VS. SPECIALTY sizing to physically reduce the particle size.
CELLULOSE-BASED PRODUCTS Generic In our case, we also use controlled chemi-
cellulose-based seepage loss and lost cir- cal degradation to reduce particle size and
culation products are based on obtaining change chemical characteristics. In addi-
the “lowest unit cost” from many sources tion, other non-cellulose additives are used
of cellulose products. This is achieved by to modify the surface properties, enhance
selecting a low-cost cellulose source and thermal performance, optimize sealing
minimizing all processing and handling costs. characteristics across a wide range of con-
In addition, most of the generic ditions, improve compatibility with various
products contain a single cellulose product in fluid systems, minimize formation
order to further lower costs. These products damage, improve removal techniques
are designed to focus on cost, but provide a where necessary and more (but we decid-
relatively high level of performance. ed this sentence went on long enough).
Most of the seepage loss additives One good example: In the early stag-
and lost circulation products on the market es of seepage loss development, a major
today are what we consider “conventional” problem was encountered when most con-
or generic. In general, single cellulose com- ventional cellulose-based products were
ponent products are simply mechanically added to invert oil muds. These products
ground, and in some cases, sized in order would typical water-wet, adsorb the emul-
to provide the lowest cost product. These sifier and “flip” the oil mud (creating water-
products are dependent almost entirely on wet solids). Products, such as Ven-Fyber,
particle size to achieve sealing. Our ge- were ultimately developed to prevent this
neric-based cellulose products fit into this problem.
category. Specialty additives are designed to
Specialty seepage loss additives and account for the myriad of field performance
lost circulation products, on the other hand, requirements needed in a broad range of
are almost always multi-component cel- operating conditions. Generic additives are
lulose products that are tailored to meet generally designed to provide low-unit cost
specific performance testing requirements. first and optimum performance second.
Ven-Fyber Fine and Coarse products are These are only a few of the differences
what we consider specialized. These multi- between generic cellulose-based products
component products are specially pro- and specialty cellulose-based products.
cessed using mechanical micronizing and

THE VALUE OF VENTURE. It is our opinion that most of the cellulose-based products on
the market today can be described as conventional. Venture Chemical’s generic products
compete across the board with these lower cost products. When it’s time to optimize “cost
performance,” our specialty products will frequently be lower cost in the long run when
considering overall job performance as opposed to simply unit cost.

Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION RECOMMENDED USES
VEN-FYBER 201 is designed to prevent seepage loss Unique seepage loss additive for oil mud systems.
in conventional oil muds. It is also an effective seepage Can also be used effectively in most water base fluids.
loss additive in most water base muds. VEN-FYBER 201 Fibrous extender for concentrating oil or liquid lubricants
is a micronized, surface modified, cellulose derivative. It into wall cake in water-base mud.
is composed of elongated, fibrous, solid particles which Wall cake conditioner - reduces permeability, increases
range in size from a few microns up to fibers with a strength of wall cake, reduces thickness.
length of 1 mm or more. It is a liquid dispersible (both Secondary or supplemental emulsifier and stabilizer for
water and nonaqueous) cellulose fiber. VEN-FYBER 201 is conventional oil mud systems.
manufactured by a chemical and mechanical degradation Helps control effect of contaminating salts on oil or liquid
of selected plant cellulose. The extremely fine cellulose lubricants in water emulsion by stabilizing the system.
fibers are surface modified to produce a novel class of Reduces sticking tendencies by lowering permeability of
cellulose derivatives having different properties and wall cake or porous formation.
different functions than most commercially available Reduces cuttings dispersions by strengthening through
cellulose derivatives. VEN-FYBER 201, though fibrous, fiber reinforcing and aggregation.
flows like a powder. Unlike most cellulose, VEN-FYBER 201 Reduces collar and stabilizer balling.
will preferentially oil wet rather than water wet. High concentration spotting pill for oil muds. Can use up to
100-150 lb/bbl in unweighted low viscosity oils and still
TYPICAL PROPERTIES maintain a pumpable slurry.
Chemical Nature Micronized, surface modified cellulose Ideal for use in muds for drilling through depleted sands.
fiber Reduces potential differential sticking of pipe.
Composition Wide range of graded fibrous particles Effective in preventing losses during cementing operations.
Form Finely divided powder Used as a spearhead treatment or pad ahead of a
Color Varies: light tan to brown cement job.
Solubility In water: Insoluble but dispersible with Can be used in pills as a low viscosity sweep for hole
surfactants, temperature and shear. cleaning. Will provide hindered settling of cuttings in
In oil: insoluble, but readily dispersible adequate concentration.
Bulk Density Compacted lb/cu. ft. 29 Can be used to form a soft, slow setting cement plug
Uncompacted lb/cu. ft. 15 suitable as a LCM pill.
Specific Gravity 1.54 Will provide a mat-type seal when used in conjunction with
Moisture, % 5-10 conventional LCM products.
pH, 10% in water 5-6
PACKAGING
Particle Size 95% wet washes through 100 mesh screen
VEN-FYBER 201 is packaged in 25 lb Kraft paper bags.
TYPICAL RESULTS Special packaging prices will be quoted on request.
SEEPAGE CONTROL IN17.5 LB/GAL OIL MUD(A)
Composition PRECAUTIONS
Base Mud, bbl 1 1 See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
VEN-FYBER 201, lb
concerning storage, handling, transportation and safety
5.0
Properties requirements.
Plastic Viscosity, cp 72 79
Emulsion Stability, volts 650 600
Sand Pack, 16/30 mesh, ml(B) 123 25
Shut-Off Time, sec. 80 6
(A) Detailed test data available on request.
(B) Tom Brookey, Larry Edwards, Jack Cowan, "Slugging Technique Saves
Oil Mud Costs." World Oil, June, 1982, pp. 265-276.



Product Data Sheet

®
High differential pressures across permeable sands can cause DELTA "P" can be used as a seepage loss reducing additive either
severe problems during oil and gas drilling operations. Some as a pretreatment at 2-8 lb/bbl or as a slug treatment. Slugs,
of the more severe and costly problems are stuck pipe, torque pills, or sweeps can be prepared by mixing high concentrations
and drag and loss of whole mud. For nearly a decade, Venture (10-50 lb/bbl) of DELTA "P" in slugging tanks and sweeping
Chemicals, Inc. has supplied the oil industry with VEN-FYBER 201, holes on a regular basis.
a product designed specifically for problems related to highly DELTA "P" is recommended as a seepage loss additive in most
permeable sands. types of water based drilling fluids.
Venture Chemicals, Inc,'s laboratories have developed a low cost/ DELTA "P" can also be used as a seepage loss reducing additive in
high performance companion product called DELTA "P". It is oil based and synthetic based mud systems. Pilot tests should
primarily designed to control seepage loss in water base fluids. be run to determine the effect on a specific oil mud system.
However, it can be used in oil muds.
DELTA "P" is designed to seal low pressure, depleted sands and
DELTA "P" is a polysaccharide complex designed to reduce microfractured shales. It is not recommended where gross lost
seepage loss in low pressure, depleted sands during drilling, circulation occurs. It can be used advantageously in conjunction
workover and completion operations. with more conventional LCM products.
DELTA "P" is biodegradable and nontoxic. Where necessary,
DELTA "P" is a low cost alternative where continuous seepage suitable biocides can be used to extent the effective life of a
control is required but usage conditions are relatively short term, seal.
hole temperatures are mild and low to moderate permeabilities
exist. Where long-term exposure, high temperatures, and DELTA "P" has little effect on rheology of the muds when used
weighted systems (specifically oil muds) are required, VEN-FYBER at recommended concentrations. Highly concentrated pills can
201 should be considered. develop excessive viscosity. Pumpable concentrations can be
determined by pilot testing.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES DELTA "P" is more than 35% soluble in standard 15% hydrochloric
acid and above 90% soluble in strongly alkaline solutions. Due to
Composition ......................................................Polysaccharide Complex its solubility in acid, biological degradation and limited thermal
Form: ....................................................................Fibrous powder stability, DELTA "P" should exhibit little formation damage.
Color.....................................................................Varies - light tan to brown
Bulk Density, Compacted, lb/cu ft ............38.9 DELTA "P" can be used effectively in brine based spotting fluids
Uncompacted, lb/cu ft .........26.7 during workover and drilling operations when formulated
Moisture, %.........................................................12% max with other polymers. DELTA "P" is compatible with the major
Solubility .............................................................Limited solubility in water workover/ completion fluids and additives.
and oil DELTA "P" can be used to reduce the sticking tendency of drill pipe
pH, 5% in Water ...............................................6.0—9.0 exposed to low pressure depleted sands. It is highly effective
Particle Size (Dry) ...........................................50% passes a -60 mesh in lowering the permeability of wall cake or porous formations.
Where higher temperatures are encountered, VEN-FYBER 201
TYPICAL RESULTS should be used. VEN-FYBER 201 is more resistant to both
SEEPAGE CONTROL IN 10.5 LB/GAL
LIGNOSULFONATE MUD(A)(B)
thermal and biological degradation.
Composition
Base Mud, bbl 1 1 1 1
DELTA "P", lb 0 5 10 15 PACKAGING
Properties DELTA "P" is packaged in 25 lb multi-wall, polyethylene lined
Plastic Viscosity, cp 29 43 55 70 paper bags.
Yield Point, lb/100 sq.ft. 7 14 21 32
Sand Pack, 16/30 mesh, ml(B) Blow-Out 47 11 3
Shut-Off Time, sec. No Control 9 5 3
PRECAUTIONS
(A) Detailed test data available on request. See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information concerning
(B) Tom Brookey, Larry Edwards, Jack Cowan, "Slugging Technique Saves storage, handling, transportation and safety requirements.
Oil Mud Costs." World Oil, June, 1982, pp. 265-276.



Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION TYPICAL PROPERTIES
Our Ven-Squeeze has been developed as an improved Composition: Wide range of graded
solution for severe to complete loss of returns. Ven- particles,
Squeeze has been specifically developed to produce bridging and sealing agents
a hardenable slurry designed to be squeezed into Form: Powder
down-hole loss zones. The high fluid loss and high Color: Gray to White
solids content properties of the slurry combined with Bulk Density, Compacted, lb/cu. ft. 20-35
the large particle size distribution of the bridging and Uncompacted, lb/cu. ft.
sealing materials in Ven-Squeeze quickly form a solid 10-25
plug allowing wellbore returns to be established and pH: 11.5-12.8
to remain throughout extended drilling operations. Solubility: Partially soluble in water
Ven-Squeeze may be utilized in Water-based, Oil-
based and Synthetic-based fluid systems, pilot
testing is recommended to ensure compatibility. RECOMMENDED USES
A typical 100 pumpable barrel application can be
As a typical open hole lost circulation squeeze in
prepared onsite utilizing conventional rig mixing
total loss zones.
equipment in less than 3 hours. A soft squeeze should
As a typical open hole lost circulation squeeze in
be held at 50-250 psi for 4-6 hours. Ven-Squeeze
partial loss zones to prevent total losses.
does not cause contamination of the drilling fluid
To seal perforations or leaks in cased holes.
and when necessary can be cleaned up by means of
conventional high alkaline treatments.
Ven-Squeeze seals are capable of withstanding swab
and surge pressures incurred during normal drilling PRECAUTIONS
and pipe tripping operations. Plug will not enable or See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
cause sidetracking of wellbore. concerning storage, handling, transportation and
safety requirements.
No additional products are required. No special
mixing equipment is required. Sacks of Ven-Squeeze
can be mixed in rig tanks with rig mixing equipment PACKAGING
and pumped using rig pumps. Ven-Squeeze will not
harden or cement in drill pipe. Ven-Squeeze is packaged in 25 lb. Kraft paper bags,
50 bags per pallet. Special packaging requirements
Ven-Squeeze provides a quick, effective and will be quoted upon request.
economical response to severe loss circulation events.



Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION ** Tom Brookey, Larry Edwards, Jack Cowan, “Slugging
Technique Saves Oil Mud Costs.” World Oil, June, 1982, pp.
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Fine) is designed to prevent seepage loss 265-276.
in conventional oil muds. It is also an effective seepage loss ** Detailed test data available on request.
additive in most water base muds.
RECOMMENDED USES
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Fine) is a micronized, surface modified,
cellulose derivative. It is composed of elongated, fibrous, solid Unique seepage loss additive for oil mud systems.
particles which range in size from a few microns up to fibers Can also be used effectively in most water base fluids.
with a length of 1 mm or more. It is a liquid dispersible (both Fibrous extender for concentrating oil or liquid lubricants into
water and nonaqueous) cellulose fiber. wall cake in water-base mud.
Wall cake conditioner - reduces permeability, increases
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Fine) is manufactured by a chemical and strength of wall cake, reduces thickness.
mechanical degradation of selected plant cellulose. The Secondary or supplemental emulsifier and stabilizer for
extremely fine cellulose fibers are surface modified to conventional oil mud systems.
produce a novel class of cellulose derivatives having different Helps control effect of contaminating salts on oil or liquid
properties and different functions than most commercially lubricants in water emulsion by stabilizing the system.
available cellulose derivatives. Reduces sticking tendencies by lowering permeability of
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Fine), though fibrous, flows like a wall cake or porous formation.
powder. Unlike most cellulose, Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Fine) will Reduces cuttings dispersions by strengthening through fiber
preferentially oil wet rather than water wet. reinforcing and aggregation.
Reduces collar and stabilizer balling.
TYPICAL PROPERTIES High concentration spotting pill for oil muds. Can use up to
Composition Wide range of graded fibrous 100-150 lb/bbl in unweighted low viscosity oils and still
particles maintain a pumpable slurry.
Chemical Nature Micronized, surface modified Ideal for use in muds for drilling through depleted sands.
cellulose fiber. Reduces potential differential sticking of pipe.
Form Finely divided powder Effective in preventing losses during cementing
Color Varies, light tan to brown operations. Used as a spearhead treatment or pad
Bulk Density, Compacted, lb/cu. ft. 25-35 ahead of a cement job.
Uncompacted, lb/cu. ft. 10-20 Can be used in pills as a low viscosity sweep for hole
Solubility Water, insoluble but dispersible cleaning. Will provide hindered settling of cuttings in
with surfactants, temperature adequate concentration.
and shear Can be used to form a soft, slow setting cement plug
Oil, insoluble but dispersible suitable as a LCM pill.
Moisture, % 4-9 Will provide a mat-type seal when used in conjunction with
pH, 10% in water 5-10 conventional LCM products.
Particle Size 95% wet washes through 100 mesh PACKAGING
screen

TYPICAL RESULTS Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Fine) is packaged in 25 lb Kraft paper
bags.
SEEPAGE CONTROL IN
17.5 LB/GAL OIL MUD(A) PRECAUTIONS
Composition
Base Mud, bbl 1 1 See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Fine), lb 5.0 concerning storage, handling, transportation and safety
requirements.
Properties
Plastic Viscosity, cp 72 79
Emulsion Stability, volts 650 600
Sand Pack, 16/30 mesh, ml(B) 23 25
Shut-Off Time, sec. 80 6


Product Data Sheet

™

Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Coarse) is a highly effective seepage loss Unique, effective seepage loss additive for all mud
additive for all mud systems. Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Coarse) systems.
also has applications in high volume as a stand alone Concentrations of 3-20 lb/bbl effective for
Lost Circulation Material or as an additive to enhance pretreatment of mud systems to aide in the
performance of conventional Lost Circulation Materials. prevention of seepage loss and lost circulation.
Fibrous extender for concentrating oil or liquid lubricants
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Coarse) is formulated with a broad
into wall cake in water-base mud.
distribution of particle sizes and a variety of fiber types
Highly effective when used in combination with other
to effectively seal both small and large pore throats while
conventional materials to formulate specialty sweeps,
preventing seepage loss from the mud system.
pills, plugs and hole treatments.
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Coarse) is manufactured to have different Wall cake conditioner - reduces permeability, increases
properties and different functions than other commercially strength of wall cake.
available LCM/Seepage Loss derivatives. Reduces sticking tendencies by lowering permeability of
wall cake or porous formation.
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Coarse) mixes easily in all types of mud Aides in Reduction of collar and stabilizer balling.
systems and will uniformly disperse when added through Slug or Pill application in 20-40 lb/bbl concentrations and
the mud hopper. If added directly to the mud pit some form depending on severity of problems, mud system and
of agitation will be required to effectively disperse. equipment can be used in concentrations ranging from
Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Coarse) has no chemical effect on the a few lb/bbl to hundreds of lb/bbl.
properties of the mud system. The only effect on the mud Ideal for use in muds while drilling through depleted sands.
system is an increase in solids. Reduces potential for differential sticking of pipe.
Effective in preventing losses during cementing
TYPICAL PROPERTIES operations. Used as a spearhead treatment or pad
Composition Wide range of graded fibrous ahead of a cement job.
particles Can be used in pills for hole cleaning. Will provide
Form Distributed fibrous material hindered settling of cuttings in adequate
Color Varies, light tan to brown concentration.
Bulk Density, Compacted, lb/cu. ft. 20-35 Can be used to form a soft, slow setting cement plug
Uncompacted, lb/cu. ft. 10-25 suitable as a LCM pill.
Solubility Water, insoluble but Will provide a mat-type seal when used in conjunction with
dispersible conventional LCM products.
Oil, insoluble but dispersible PACKAGING
Moisture, % 3-8
pH, 10% in water 6-10
Particle Size Distribution, +8 2-20% Ven-Fyber Seal™ (Coarse) is packaged in 25 lb Kraft paper
+30 30-50% bags.
+60 20-40%
-60 5-25% PRECAUTIONS

See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
concerning storage, handling, transportation and safety
requirements.



Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION When VEN-REZ II is being used to emulsify oil or
liquid lubricants or to disperse hydrocarbon based
VEN-REZ II is a chrome-free lignite derivative lubricants in water muds, concentrations of 2-6 lb/
designed to provide improved filtration control and bbl are common.
stabilize rheological properties in high temperature
water base muds. High temperature (above 350°F) filtration control
can require 6-10 lb/bbl or more of VEN-REZ II. The
VEN-REZ II is based on a new lignite derived resin. actual concentration required depends on the mud
It is compatible with most water based drilling mud system, bottom hole temperature, and other factors.
additives. Generally, the higher the temperature, the more VEN-
REZ II required. If extremely high concentrations of
TYPICAL PROPERTIES VEN-REZ II are required, it can be added directly
through the mud hoppers as a solid.
Composition Resinated humate
Form Free flowing powder VEN-REZ II is water soluble and is not designed for
Color Black use in oil based mud systems.
pH, 2lb/bbl solution 8.5
Bulk Density, lb/cu ft Approx. 50 PACKAGING
Solubility Water (insoluble in oil)
VEN-REZ II is packaged in 50 lb moisture proof bags.
RECOMMENDATIONS
PRECAUTIONS
VEN-REZ II can be used to thin almost all types and
densities of water based drilling fluids. In addition, See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
it will function as an effective emulsifier in oil-in- concerning storage, handling, transportation and
water muds and will provide some emulsification safety requirements.
and dispersing properties for liquid lubricants. VEN-
REZ II can be used to stabilize salt-contaminated
muds. VEN-REZ II is particularly effective as a high
temperature filter loss additive in water based
systems.

Approximately 0.5-2.0 lb/bbl VEN-REZ II is usually
required to produce optimum thinning of water
based muds. If sufficient alkalinity is not present in
the mud, it may be necessary to add up to 0.5 lb/bbl
or more of caustic soda.



Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION RECOMMENDATIONS

VEN-K is a highly efficient, multipurpose mud VEN-K can be used to thin almost all types and
conditioner for water base muds. VEN-K is a densities of water base drilling fluids. It is particularly
prereacted salt of potassium hydroxide and lignite. designed for use in potassium base shale control
VEN-K is primarily used as a fluid loss additive and systems. In addition, it will function as an effective
shale control additive in potassium base shale control emulsifier in oil-in-water muds and will provide some
systems. emulsification and dispersing properties for liquid
lubricants. VEN-KT is effective as a high temperature
VEN-K is also used in water base muds to (1) reduce filter loss additive in water base mud systems.
viscosity and gels in order to maintain desirable
flow properties; (2) improve aging characteristics Approximately 1-3 lb/bbl of VEN-K is usually required
in high temperature fluids by controlling fluidity; (3) to produce optimum thinning of water base muds.
reduce high pressure, high temperature filtrates and When VEN-K is being used to emulsify oil or liquid
provide tough, thin filter cakes; (4) thin and emulsify lubricants in water muds, concentrations of 2-6 lb/
oil-in-water or liquid lubricant containing fluids; (5) bbl are common.
reduce effects of contaminants; and (6) control the
equivalent circulating density by maintaining suitable High temperature (above 350°F) filtration control
flow properties. can require 6-10 lb/bbl or more of VEN-K. The
actual concentration required depends on the mud
Prereactions or presolubilization of the lignite with system, bottom-hole temperature, and other factors.
potassium hydroxide eliminates the need to add free Generally, the higher the temperature, the more
caustic at the rig site where native muds or low pH VEN-K required.
muds are being used.
VEN-K can be added to the mud through a hopper or
VEN-K is convenient and economical to use. It is a chemical barrel.
compatible with most chemicals used in water base
drilling fluids. PACKAGING

TYPICAL PROPERTIES VEN-K is packaged in 50 lb moisture proof
bags. Prices for special packaging such as export
Form Free flowing black powder requirements will be quoted on request.
Composition Potassium salt of oxidized
lignite PRECAUTIONS
Color Black
Solubility Readily soluble in water See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
concerning storage, handling, transportation and
safety requirements.



Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION To assist in freeing stuck drill pipe when added to oil or
water as a spotting fluid concentrate.
VEN-TROL 401 is a multipurpose drilling fluid additive To assist in minimizing torque and drag caused by
designed to stabilize shale, prevent cuttings dispersion and differential sticking tendencies.
provide lubricity in both water and oil base muds. To provide lubricity.
A significant additional property of VEN-TROL 401
is the ability to control seepage loss in low-pressure
TYPICAL TREATING METHODS
unconsolidated sands and to control fluid wetting of VEN-TROL 401 can be readily mixed as a pretreatment
microfractured shale sections. to a water base mud in the desired quantities directly
through the hopper. Concentrations necessary for shale
Certain asphalt derivatives, hydrocarbon resins, and other
stabilization, prevention of differential sticking, and
types of nonaqueous base products have been shown in
seepage loss control will vary between 2-6 lb/bbl. Pilot
both laboratory and field tests to be effective in preventing
testing will indicate the ease with which the water base
filtrate invasion into microfractured shales and tend to
mud will accept VEN-TROL 401.
stabilize such shales, particularly brittle shale. VEN-TROL
401 brings an added dimension by incorporating an oil Slug treatments or pills are sometimes effective when
dispersible resin on a micronized fiber. The fibrous base "wiped" around.
provides a significant increase in seepage loss control,
thereby improving the shale stabilizing agent of the oil This technique provides a high concentration of VEN-TROL
dispersible resin. 401 across the face of a microfractured shale section or a
low pressure sand. By pumping a highly concentrated slug
VEN-TROL 401 is effective in preventing differential sticking of VEN-TROL 401 across these areas, a quicker and better
of drill pipe in water base mud systems, particularly in low seal is sometimes more likely to occur than in a lightly
pressure and/or depleted sands. By filtering into the wall pretreated mud system.
cake, it provides effective sealing properties as well as
improved wall cake lubricity. Where such pills are desired, they can be prepared by
dispersing 20-50 lb/bbl of VEN-TROL 401 in water brines,
VEN-TROL 401 has been pretreated to make it readily and diesel oil, crude oils, mineral oils, or water base muds.
easily dispersible in water base systems. No additional
dispersants need be added. VEN-TROL 401 exhibits some of the excellent shale
stabilizing qualities obtained with an oil mud while utilizing
VEN-TROL 401 is dispersible in both oil and water. It exhibits a water base mud system.
little solubility, however, in either diesel oil or water, except
at elevated temperatures. As the temperature increases or VEN-TROL 401 can be mixed easily and readily with
the aromatic content of the oil is increased, some increase standard rig equipment.
in the solubility of VEN-TROL 401 will be observed. PACKAGING
TYPICAL PROPERTIES VEN-TROL 401 is packaged in 25 lb moisture proof Kraft
Form Grayish black fibrous powder paper bags. Prices for special packaging such as export
Composition Resin-coated micronized cellulosic fiber requirements will be quoted on request.
Dispersibility Readily disperses in oil or water
PRECAUTIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific information
To reduce problems associated with fluid sensitive shales. concerning storage, handling, transportation, and safety
To reduce seepage loss in microfractured shales and requirements.
unconsolidated, low pressure sands.
To reduce balling of bits, stabilizers and collars in gumbo-
type shales.
To reduce formation of mud rings.



Product Data Sheet

™
GENERAL INFORMATION of mineral oil is not prohibited, a spotting pill
may be compounded in the field by using low
VEN-LUBE II is a nonpolluting, solid, drilling fluid toxicity oils, synthetic oils or liquid lubricants
lubricant for use in water base mud systems. and high concentrations (100-150 lb/bbl) of
It is based on a special, environmentally VEN-LUBE II rather than compounded spotting
safe lubricant that has been preadsorbed on fluid additives.
micronized cellulose fibers.
Generally, the proper use of VEN-LUBE II will
This unique product allows the lubricant to be reduce the need for any stuck pipe additives
carried to and concentrated in the wall cake as due to wall or differential sticking tendencies.
the fibers are filtered. The fibers provide the As with other specialty additives of this type,
additional property of seepage loss control in it will not substitute for good drilling practices.
low pressure depleted sands where differential VEN-LUBE II is not recommended to prevent
sticking tendencies require good fluid loss/ or overcome key seating or other mechanical
seepage loss control and lubricity. sticking problems.

The use of VEN-LUBE II minimizes the amount of TYPICAL TREATING METHODS
free liquid lubricant needed in the mud system
Add 2 to 6 lb/bbl for torque and drag reduction.
TYPICAL PROPERTIES Maintenance is achieved by adding 100-200 lb/
tour. Where fast hole is being made, it may be
Form Brown fibrous solid necessary to add up to 400 lb per 24 hours.
Bulk Density, lb/cu ft Compacted: 21-31
Uncompacted: 9-19 Excessive torque and drag problems can be
pH 5-9 treated by slugging a pill of VEN-LUBE II
downhole and slowly circulating the pill up
RECOMMENDATIONS the annulus. Concentrations will vary with the
severity of the problem and condition of the
Will reduce torque and drag in directional holes. mud.

Will assist in reducing swelling and sloughing of PACKAGING
sensitive shales.
VEN-LUBE II is packaged in 25 lb Kraft
Will minimize differential sticking by providing
seepage loss control and lubrication. polyethylene lined bags.

Is effective in freeing stuck drill pipe when mixed PRECAUTIONS
with oil, VEN-FREE II, or VEN-FREE III spotting
fluids. See Material Safety Data Sheet for specific
information concerning storage, handling,
Highly effective when used with other commercially transportation and safety requirements.
available spotting or soak materials. Where use
The information presented herein is based on the best data available and is believed to be correct. However, nothing stated in this information is to be taken as warranty, expressed or implied, regarding the accuracy
of the information or the use of our product; nor shall anything contained herein be construed to constitute a permission or recommendation to practice any invention covered by patent or patent application, or
know-how owned by Venture Chemicals, Inc., any of its divisions, or by others, without a license by the owner of the patent, patent application, or know-how.


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