The document provides a comprehensive overview of landscaping, including its definition, elements, principles, and various themes. Key elements discussed include color, scale, form, texture, balance, and unity, while principles cover proportion, order, repetition, and focalization. It also details landscaping themes such as cottage, Japanese, colonial, modern, and Spanish gardens, highlighting their unique characteristics and design elements.

1. CLANDSCAPE DESIGN
SUBMITTED TO : JYOTI MA’AM SUBMITTED BY : UTSAV KHATRI

2. DEFINITION
• Landscaping refers to any activity that modifies the visible features of an
area of land, including:
• Living elements flora or fauna.
• Natural elements such as landforms, terrain shape and elevation, or
bodies of water.
• Human elements such as structures, buildings, fences or other material
objects created and/or installed by humans.
• Abstract elements such as the weather and lighting conditions.

3. C
ELEMENTS
OF
LANDSCAPING

4. COLOR
• It is the center part of design. Color bring
life and help to create the mood.
• We can bring color into our design by
adding plants,pavers,retaining walls and
fences.
SCALE
• It is the relationship between plants and
your design with rest of your property.
• Our design should consider the size of our
property and any existing landscaping.

5. FORM
• It is the shape of plants in our
design .
TEXTURE
• It is the touch of visual surface of the plants
and hardscape in our design .
• The plants in our design can be fine or course ,
smooth or rough .
• Texture can be seen in the plant’s leaves ,
flower’s and bark.

6. BALANCE
• It ensures that colors are in check, the scale of
the plants is in proportion , the shape of the
plants work and the texture of the plants
compliment the design . Are of two types.
SYMMETRICAL
It is more formal approach .
ASYMMETRICAL
It is more of a informal approach to our
design .
UNITY
• It is the elements that manages consistency
and repetition in our design. It can be achieved
by consistently using plants with similar color,
scale, form, texture and balance.

7. C
PRINCIPLES
OF
LANDSCAPING

8. PROPORTION
• Proportion refers to the size of an object
in relation to other objects in the
landscape.
• It's important to think about proportion
between plants and hardscapes.
ORDER
• Order refers to the organization and balance in
a landscape.
• Order can be achieved in your yard by using
the more formal symmetrical balance or the
informal asymmetrical balance.

9. REPETITION
• The goal of repetition is to create predictable
and familiar patterns and sequences in the
landscape.
• To achieve this, landscape design elements or
specific features can be repeated throughout
the space.
FOCALIZATION
• Focalization is created as a visual break in
the sequence and flow of the landscape.
• The focal point is the point or area of the
landscape that attracts the viewer’s eyes.

10. C
LIGHTNING
IN
LANDSCAPING

11. LANDSCAPE LIGHT
• Landscape lighting or garden
lighting refers to the use of
outdoor illumination of private
gardens and public landscapes.
• For the enhancement and
purposes of safety, night time
aesthetics, accessibility, security,
recreation and sports, and social
and event uses.

12. C
LIGHTING
TECHNIQUES

13. PATH LIGHTING
• This technique is used primarily for safety
to highlight sidewalks, drives, or any path
to ensure safe pedestrian passage at night.
• Typical fixtures: mushrooms, tulip light,
lantern, specialty lights
STEP / DECK LIGHTING
• Step lighting brings deck to life in night
and help us to navigate stairs safely during
night.
• Fixtures can be installed beneath benches,
as recessed light in the risers of step and as
a surface lights on vertical posts.
• Typical fixtures: spot/accent light, specialty
lights

14. UNDERWATER LIGHTING
• Underwater lighting highlights underwater
plant material and captures light to show
off depth or imaginative design.
• Illuminating water-bodies not only increase
their attractiveness but also ensures safety
in dark.
UP LIGHTING
• Up lighting means to light something from
below.

15. DOWN LIGHTING
• Mirroring the effect of the sun or the
moon, downlighting is the most natural
form of landscape lighting.
ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING
• The techniques of architectural lighting are
used to emphasize the variation in texture
as well as architectural features in brick
and stone work, soffit details and facade.

16. C
TYPES
OF
LANDSCAPING

17. ARTIFICIAL
• Man alters the natural
environment by creating an
artificial environment such as
fields and farms and landscaped
gardens.
• Man designs the landscape
around the built environment for
its pleasant and aesthetic
appearance.
• We designs it either by merging
the building with the natural
environment or by creating
Parks and Gardens.
• In doing so, we can makes the
environment pleasant to live in.

18. NATURAL
• A landscape derived from the
natural habitat of the region
constitutes a natural
environment and depends on
the type of existing natural
surroundings such as a forest or
a desert. Such an environment
exists even in man’s absence.
• Natural landscape is one that is
not affected by human
activities. Natural landscape
remains intact if the living and
non-living elements of that
natural environment are free to
move and change.

19. HARD
• It is used to describe
construction materials.
• A wide range of hard
landscape materials
can be use as
brick,gravel,rockor
stone,concrete,etc .

20. SOFT
• It is describe the
vegetative materials
which are used to
improve a landscape by
design.
• The range of soft
landscape materials
includes each layer of the
ecological sequence:
aquatic plants, semi-
aquatic plants, field layer
plants .

21. CPLANTS

22. BONSAI
• Japanese art form using cultivation
techniques to produce small trees in
containers that mimic the shape and
scale of full size.
• The purposes of bonsai are primarily
contemplation for the viewer, and the
pleasant exercise of effort and
ingenuity for the grower. By contrast
with other plant cultivation practices,
bonsai is not intended for production
of food or for medicine.

23. CLIMBERS
• Climbing plants are
plants which climb
up trees and other
tall objects. Many of
them are vines whose
stems twine round
trees and branches.

24. HERBS
• Plants with savory or
aromatic properties that are
used for flavoring and
garnishing food, medicinal
purposes, or for fragrances.
• Herbs have a variety of uses
including culinary, medicinal,
and, in some cases, spiritual.

25. SHRUB OR BUSH
• A shrub or bush is a small- to
medium-sized woody plant.
unlike herbs, shrubs have
persistent woody stems above
the ground.
• They are distinguished from trees
by their multiple stems and
shorter height, and are usually
under 6 m (20 ft) tall.

26. GRAFTING
• It is a horticultural technique
whereby tissues of plants are joined
so as to continue their growth
together.
• The upper part of the combined plant
is called the scion while the lower part
is called the rootstock.
• The success of this joining requires
that the vascular tissue grow together
and such joining is called
inosculation.

27. LOOPING
• The art of
making shapes
or providing
shapes to shrubs
plants or trees .
• It is a another
term for tree
shaping .

28. C
LANDSCAPING
THEMES

29. COTTAGE
• Cottage gardens don't look designed. In
fact, they're usually exuberant, free-
flowering, and sometimes even
unrestrained.
• Pastel shades and fragrant flowers are
hallmarks of the cottage style.
• Plant to promote informal crowding of
perennials, annuals, vegetables and
foliage plants.
• Cottage gardens are known for their
romantic feel.
• Weathered wood fences, soft, curving
pathways are at home in a cottage-style
garden.

30. JAPANESE
• Japanese gardens combine the basic elements of
plants, water, and rocks with simple, clean lines
to create a tranquil retreat.
• There are four essential elements used in
Japanese garden design: rocks, water, plants, and
ornaments.
• It emphasize on evergreen varieties in various
shapes, sizes and textures.
• Rocks are arrange in such a way that it create
artistic focal points.
• Water features that include elements such as
bamboo water spouts, stone basins, waterfalls
and Koi ponds.
• Enclose the area to create a tranquil
environment for contemplation by using bamboo
fencing or premade bamboo fence panels.

31. COLONIAL
• The Colonial design was introduced on the
fundamental principles of survival.
• These gardens were used for cooking, baking
and keeping away insects; with very few
plantings for ornamental purposes.
• Today the style has combined the classic
functional design with a loose combination of
pastel colored flowers.
• The Colonial style is ideal for homes built with
a colonial architecture or for homeowners
wanting a functional, more formal landscape.
• Picketfencing,Stonewalls,Stonepavers,Slate,Bric
k,Arbors,Sundials,Fountains are the elements of
colonial garden .

32. MODERN
• A modern garden places more focus
on the architecture and materials
than on the plants and greenery.
Geometric shapes and repeating
patterns are often employed in
contemporary outdoor spaces. The
main idea is to create a garden that
has a controlled and organized
appearance.
• Modern gardens often rely on
hardscaping and structural elements
to achieve their minimalist look, with
plants used as accents to provide
contrast and color.

33. SPANISH
• Spanish garden design was
strongly influenced by the
renowned Islamic, Persian
and Moorish gardens.
• Courtyards,terraces,fountain,r
eflecting pools, symmetry are
the some of the elements of
Spanish's garden design .

34. RESIDENTIAL LANDSCAPING LAYOUT

35. COMMERCIAL
LANDSCAPING LAYOUT’S

36. CTHANK YOU