Mushroom farming is basically the business of growing fungi. Nowadays, mushroom cultivation is the most productive and profitable business in India.

1. MUSHROOM
CULTIVATION

2. What is
Mushroom
Cultivation

3. Mushroom farming can be defined as the business of
growing fungi. Currently, mushroom cultivation is one
of the most productive and profitable ventures in India.
It is gradually gaining popularity in India because, in a
short time, it helps farmers to convert their hard work
into profit. Farmers pursue mushroom cultivation as an
alternate source of money in India.
Mushroom production in India is mainly concentrated in
Uttar Pradesh, Kerala and Tripura. Mushrooms are not
only delicious, but contain many other nutrients such as
proteins, fibres, potassium, copper, zinc, selenium,
magnesium, and cancer-fighting ingredients.
INTRODUCTION

4. Types of Mushroom Cultivation in India
1. Button Mushrooms 2. Oyster Mushrooms 3. Paddy Straw Mushrooms

5. Currently, mushroom harvesting is the most profitable
business idea in India. The practice is rapidly gaining
popularity across India, especially among the new-age
farmers who want to earn more profit in less time—the
next few slides will present some of the easy steps to
harvest mushrooms in India.
How to Do Mushroom
Harvesting in India?

6. 1. Button Mushroom
In the following few slides, we are presenting a quick snapshot of the process to grow button
mushrooms.

7. Making compost is the first step in growing button
mushrooms. This process is done in the open. Button
mushrooms are grown on clean platforms made from
concrete.
Compost is classified under 2 types, both of which
have been explained in the next slide.
Making Compost

8. (a). Natural Compost - Natural compost comes from
nature. Natural materials such as wheat straw, horse
dunk, gypsum and poultry manure are used for making
compost for button mushrooms. These materials are
blended and spread on the compost yard, after which is
is sprayed with water
(b). Synthetic Compost - Materials like urea, gypsum,
bran, wheat straw, and ammonium nitrate/ammonium
sulphate are required to prepare synthetic compost.
The straw is cut in a length of about 8-20 cm. A fine
layer of cut straws is spread on the compost and water
is sprayed on it. Lastly, a mixture of other raw materials
for compost is spread on this platform.

9. At the time of preparation, the colour of compost turns dark
brown. The compost should not be too wet or dry at the time
of spreading it on the tray. If the compost is dry, then spray a
little amount of water on it. The compost must be made of
soft wood, and it is best to use a tray 15 to 18 cm deep.
Otherwise, use the tray according to your comfort.
Fill the Compost in Tray
Spawning
The next step in the process is Spawning. It is the process of
sowing mycelium into the beds. There are 2 ways to spawn:
you can either spread the compost on the tray bed directly,
or you can blend mycelium with compost before spreading it
on the tray. You have to cover the tray with a newspaper
after sprinkling the water and spawning to maintain
moisture in the tray.

10. The next step is to cover the tray with a thick layer of soil. You
can make this soil by blending garden soil and rotten cow
dung. This soil is known as casing soil. This casing soil has a
good water holding capacity.
Casing
Harvesting Mushrooms
The next step in button mushroom farming is harvesting.
After 15-20 days of casing and 35-40 days of spawning,
mushrooms’ pinheads start appearing. All you now have to
do is to hold the head firmly and twist it softly from the soil.
Finally, it is not advisable to store mushrooms in the
refrigerator for more than 3-4 days. Use a moist towel to
cover mushrooms to enhance their shelf-life.

11. 2. Oyster mushroom
Let’s check out below.
Oyster mushroom is delicious and has the most uncomplicated production process. This type of mushroom does not
require conditions like button mushrooms. Oyster mushrooms contain less fat; that is why doctors suggest oyster
mushroom to diabetic and blood pressure patients.
Let us now take a look at the process of growing oyster mushroom farming in India.

12. To grow oyster mushrooms, you can use banana tree wastes,
paper waste, cotton waste, and paper waste.
Process of Substrate
(a). Rectangular blocks
Take a rectangular block of a wooden frame without base and
with the help of a polythene sheet, make a base by laying
down a thin bed of paddy straw. Remember that it should be
wet. Now, spread spawns all over it and add another thin
sheet of paddy straw. Repeat the process 3-4 times with a
paddy straw layer on the top.
(b). Polythene bags
Now, cut paddy straws in tiny pieces and properly wet pieces
with water. The excess water will separate from the straw
and store it in a polythene bag consisting of small holes for
air circulation. Lastly, blend the spawns with paddy straw in
0.2:6 ratio.

13. Process of Spawning
After 10-12 days, you will witness the appearance of
small buds and straws getting locked amongst
themselves. This is the best time to remove the
polythene and put on shelves. Remember to water on
the shelf twice a day.
Follow the same process for harvesting and storing the
oyster mushrooms.

14. 3. Paddy Straw Mushrooms
Let’s check out below.
Paddy Straw Mushrooms are the most popular mushrooms eaten in the world. They are mostly grown in South-east
Asia. It is the most profitable activity among all types to grow paddy straw mushrooms and requires less investment.
Check out the paddy straw mushroom cultivation procedure below.

15. To grow paddy straw mushrooms, you have to first soak
paddy straws. When they are fully spawned, they are called
straw spawn.
Spawning
Bedding
Now, prepare a strong base of bricks and soil strong enough
to hold all the weight. Place eight bunches of straws with four
on each side and spread spawns on the edges of straws.
Repeat these steps continuously to complete the process.
Mushrooming
In about 15-16 days, mushrooms start appearing. Lastly,
follow the same process for storing the mushrooms.

16. What is the Cost of Mushroom
Cultivation in India?
Nowadays, mushroom industries in India are growing
rapidly in terms of market value, demand and benefits.
Many young farmers want to grow mushrooms and the
main question they have related to mushroom farming is
‘what is the cost required to undertake mushroom
cultivation?’. Here, we have tried to answer this question.
The total cost of mushroom cultivation in India is
approximately Rs. 1,50,000. This includes the cost of
Scrap Wooden Shelves (Rs. 20,000), cost of Construction
for rooms (Rs. 1,25,000), and other Miscellaneous costs
(Rs. 5000).

17. Want to start a Mushroom Cultivation Business in India?
At present, the government is focusing on Indian agriculture,
and provides training to farmers for better and effective
productivity. Joining mushroom cultivation training organised
by the government is the best opportunity if you are interested
in Mushroom farming. Under the training programs, you can
take mushroom cultivation training online, which is the easiest
way to learn.
This was all about Mushroom farming in India and the process
to grow different types of mushrooms. In the end, we will
show guide you on where to take Mushroom Farming Training
from. I hope this presentation helped you gain all the relevant
information regarding mushroom farming in India. With this,
you can easily grow mushrooms and earn a lot of profit. For
more information, stay connected with TractorJunction.
Mushroom Farming Training in India

18. THANK YOU