CAUSE AND RESULT

1. CAUSE AND RESULT

2. 1. CAUSE
Answering the question
why?

3. Because, as, since + clause
• Because
I went to bed at 9.00 p.m. because I was very
tired.
• As (+ formal)
I went to bed at 9.00 p.m. as I was very
tired.
• Since (+ formal)
I went to bed at 9.00 p.m. since I was very
tired.

4. Because of, due to + noun
• Because of
I was twenty minutes late because of the traffic.
• Due to (+ formal)
I was twenty minutes late due to the traffic.
CAREFUL!! You can use due to + the fact that +
clause.
I was twenty minutes late due to the fact that
there was a lot of traffic.

5. 2. RESULT

6. so, as a result, consequently, for this /that
reason, thus, therefore.
• So: to link ideas in the same sentence.
I had to work, so I couldn´t go fishing last
Saturday.
• The other connectors link ideas in separate
sentences.
I had to finish a lot of work from school last
weekend. As a result/consequently/for this reason I
had to stay in.
–Thus and therefore are a bit more formal.

7. • Find more practice on the blog. Highly
recommended!