Many people jump into lighting design software without considering the road or street user needs. This webinar describes considerations the designer needs to accommodate, prior to opening the software or situation analysis as it has been referred too, but also review some of the issues that occur in the design process. Changes in the recently released BS5489-1:2020 will also be discussed in a Question and Answer session hosted by ILP Birmingham at the end of the webinar. This webinar is a precursor to the launch of the ILP online training course ‘Good Practice in Lighting Design’ and follows on from the previous BS5489 launch webinar in June of this year. The course will be available from the ILP training platform soon, with discounts for ILP members. It should be noted, this will not be a software training course that Nick usually delivers. By speaker: Nick Smith FILP IEng MIES, Nick Smith Associates Limited

1. Good practice in
lighting design
By Nick Smith IEng FILP MIES
Managing Director
Nick Smith Associates Limited
Date: 2020-11-26
Happy Thanksgiving

2. Course program
• 12 modules
• Introduction to BS EN13201
• BS5489-1:2020 changes
• Reasons for road lighting
• Environmental considerations
• Energy considerations
• Design classification determination
and the risk assessments
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• Variable lighting considerations
• Conflict areas
• Photometry
• Maintenance Factor
• S/P ratio
• Glare, glare metrics
• Some worked examples using lighting
software
• Plucked out some to talk about today
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3. BS5489-1:2020 changes
• The changes to BS5489-1:2020 was covered in the seminar delivered in
May 2020
• https://theilp.org.uk/project/ilp-cpd-webinar-british-standard-5489-
update
• Or use your preferred search engine
– ilp-cpd-webinar-british-standard-5489-update
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4. Reasons for road lighting
• We cover this topic is covered in
more detail
• looking at issues associated with
road and street lighting
• The lighting should reveal the
– positions of kerbs
– road markings,
– the directions of roads,
– the presence of any pedestrians
– other obstructions,
– Stationary vehicles
– and the movement of any
vehicles.
• Horizontal illuminance
• Luminance
• Vertical Illuminance
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5. Five Principles of responsible outdoor
lighting
• All lights should have a purpose
• Lighting should be targeted only
where needed
– Tilt!
• Lights should be no brighter than
necessary
• Lights should be used only when
needed
• Colour temperature
– Blue light!
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6. Bats
• All British bats are classed as European Protected Species and therefore receive
protection under the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 (as
amended), making it an offence to:
– Deliberately kill, injure or capture a bat;
– Deliberately disturb bats, including in particular any disturbance
• which is likely to impair their ability to survive,
• to reproduce or to rear or nurture their young,
• or their ability to hibernate or migrate,
• or which is likely to affect significantly their local distribution or
abundance;
– Damage or destroy a breeding site or resting place of a bat.
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7. Bats
• Some ecology reports state
– Potential for bat roosts, what does this mean?
• Foraging roosts,
• maternity roosts,
• hibernation roosts
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8. Bats
• In addition, all British bats are also listed under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and
Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) which contains further provisions making it an
offence to intentionally or recklessly:
– Obstruct access to
• any structure or
• place which any bat uses for
• shelter or protection; or
– Disturb bats while occupying
• a structure or place that it uses for that purpose.
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9. Bats some of the actions
• Bats and artificial lighting document (BCT/ILP) 2018 under revision
• Lighting level
– Some Bat more sensitive species dependant
• Lower Mounting height
• Lantern horizontal (0° Tilt)
• Spill light
– To trees
– And hedgerows
• Colour temperature
– Warm white
• <3000° Kelvin
• <2700° Kelvin better
• <2200° Kelvin better still
• Amber LED or RED LED
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10. More Lighting actions
• Sensitive lighting will be most important in proximity to:
– Retained hedgerows
– Used for bat commuting routes
• Trees featuring bat potential (please see attached);
– Bat roosts
– Nesting birds
• Proposed areas of standing water ;
– Ponds, rivers etc often used as feeding areas of bats and hence owls
• Any green POS areas
– Feeding area of commuting routes
• Green linkages/corridors proposed throughout the site.
– commuting routes
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11. Energy considerations
• Variable Lighting (can it be used)
• Why use variable lighting
– Change in usage
– Typical times
– Rush hour end /start
– Going to bed
• Options to control lighting
– Via CMS
– Via photocell
– Pre programmed driver
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12. Design class determination and the risk
assessments
• Class selection
• Situational analysis
• Or risk assessments
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13. Class Selection
Traffic
Flow
Lighting Class
E1 to E4 E1 & E2 E3 & E4
Pedestrian and
cyclists only
Speed
limit v ≤ 30
mph
Speed
limit v ≤
30 mph
Busy P5 P4 P3
Normal P5 P5 P4
Quiet P6 P5 P4
• NOTE 1: Table A.5 assumes no parked vehicles; see risk
assessment in A.3.3.2.
• NOTE 2:An EV lighting class using vertical illuminance,
from BS EN 13201-2:2015, Table 6, can be specified in
addition to the general lighting class when there are
particular concerns about crime and personal safety. EV is
calculated at the typical height of a human face (1.5 m)
and in relevant viewing orientations.
• NOTE 3: To ensure adequate uniformity, the actual value
of the maintained average illuminance is not to exceed 1.5
times the value indicated for the class.
• NOTE 4: The actual overall uniformity of illuminance, Uo,
needs to be as high as reasonably practicable (see 7.2.6).
• NOTE 5: The ambient luminance descriptions E1 to E4 refer
to the environmental zone as defined in ILP GN01 [N2].
• NOTE 6: The illuminance classes are suggested minimum
levels. A risk assessment needs to be carried out to ensure
that the light levels are adequate, particularly for
pedestrians and cyclists.
I went thorough this in more
detail in the May seminar on
BS5489
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14. Situational Analysis
Annex A –Selection of lighting class
5 Step Approach
1. Select benchmark lighting class from table
2. Do Risk Assessment or Situational Analysis & refer local policy
3. Adjust target level based on specific risks
4. Adjust target level in not “white” light
5. Look at variable lighting options
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15. Documenting Decisions
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16. Documenting Decisions
Design criteria Form
Design Considerations
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17. Conflict areas
• Covered before in the region
• Conflict creep
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18. Photometry
• Photometric files
• Absolute and relative photometry
• File formats
• Displaying photometry from different software
• What to look out for
• And more
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19. Grid setup
#
1.5m grid spacing
375m x 375m
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20. Grid setup
#
1.5m grid spacing
375m x 375m
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21. Grid setup
#
1.5m grid spacing
375m x 375m
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22. Maintenance Factor
• Another example of change is the section on maintenance factors
– ILP guidance note 11/19 and
– ISO / CIE TS22012:2019
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23. The Human Eye and retinal receptors
• Cones provide day vision and
there are 3 type
– L cone –red
– M cone –green
– S cone – blue
• Rods
– Scotopic vision
– ipRGC- blue dashed line
– Non image forming sensors
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24. The Human Eye and retinal receptors
L cone – red dotted
M cone – green dotted
S cone – blue dotted
Scotopic vision (grey line)
ipRGC- (blue dashed line)
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25. Glare and TI%
• Another area that has been significantly modified is the application and
calculation of glare at the design stage.
• Many use
– luminous intensity classes
– G classes as a way of specifying or deciding the right optic setting to use.
• BS5489 now falls in line with the recommendations of EN13201
– EN13201 after BS5489-1:2013
– suggesting that the function of threshold increment should be calculated for
P and C classes as the first choice when (function of) threshold increment
cannot be calculated.
– If TI% cannot be calculated, the designer can consider the luminous
intensity classes as an alternative but his should not be the only
consideration.
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26. Glare Example
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27. Glare Example
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28. Course Delivery
• Good Practice in Lighting Design Course will be available shortly
• from the ILP website
• Once it has been formatted and tested
• Watch out for emails and other social media
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29. Questions
• New online training course now available
– www.nicksmithassociatestraining.thinkific.com
• Training course details at
– www.nicksmithassociates.co.uk
• mail@nicksmithassociates.com
• www.youtube.com
– Search for Nick Smith Associates Training
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