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Breast cancer awareness
- 2. BREAST CANCER AWARENESS Dr.Tehmina Rehman Assistant Professor of Gynaecology and Obstetrics HIT-IMS
- 5. • Many young girls are unaware of the possibility of developing breast cancer as a young adult. • Many changes occur in your breasts during your lifetime so it is important to understand which changes are normal and which are not. • Also, some of us may be at a higher risk for developing breast cancer. • Become familiar with your breasts, know what is normal for you, and learn how to spot changes in your breasts.
- 6. • Many factors are linked to breast cancer risk • Having a risk factor—or even several—doesn’t mean you’ll definitely get the disease—it just increases your chances.(and vice versa)
- 7. SOME STATISTICS: THE BAD NEWS • 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer • (1% of the cases are in men) • Every 3 minutes a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer; every 13 minutes a woman dies • Overall leading killer of women 40 -- 55
- 8. SOME STATISTICS: THE GOOD NEWS • 80% of breast lumps are benign • 90% of early stage breast cancers are curable, often with breast conserving treatments • Less than 5% of breast cancer occurs in women <40 years • Over 2 million breast cancer survivors
- 9. PAKISTAN: THE BAD NEWS • Highest incidence of Breast cancer in Asia • In Pakistan 40,000 women die every year • Detected late in Pakistan • 47 % of cases diagnosed are advanced
- 10. RISK FACTORS Controllable • Being overweight • Never having children • 1st child >30yrs of age • Hormone Replacement • Birth control pills (very slight) • Being exposed to large amounts of radiation • Diet • Exercise • Alcohol drinking/Smoking
- 11. RISK FACTORS Uncontrollable • Gender • Getting old • First degree relative with breast cancer • Having an inherited mutation in the breast cancer genes (BRCA 1 or 2) • A previous breast biopsy showing atypical change • Being young (<12) at the time of menses • Starting menopause after age 55
- 12. THINGS TO REMEMBER • Cancer is not a death sentence • We do not know how to prevent breast cancer • We can try to reduce risk • Our only weapon is early detection
- 13. • WHAT YOU SHOULD DO FOR RISK REDUCTION ?
- 15. EXERCISE
- 16. BALANCED DIET
- 17. BREAST FEEDING
- 21. BENEFIT OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS • Breast conserving surgery & Breast reconstruction.
- 22. EARLY DIAGNOSIS: HOW? • Practice breast self exams • Have regular clinical breast exams • Have regular mammograms • MRI
- 23. • A Breast Exam should start at age 20 • Examining your breasts will help you to become familiar with what is normal for you and learn how to spot changes in your breasts that may need to be reported to a doctor.
- 29. WHY DON’T MORE WOMEN PRACTICE BSE? • Fear • Embarrassment • Youth • Lack of knowledge • Too busy, forgetfulness
- 30. TROUBLE SIGNS THAT SHOULD NOT BE IGNORED
- 31. FINDING A LUMP, HARD KNOT OR THICKENING
- 32. UNUSUAL SWELLING, WARMTH, REDNESS OR DARKENING
- 33. CHANGE IN SIZE OR SHAPE OF YOUR BREAST
- 34. DIMPLING OR PUCKERING OF THE SKIN OF YOUR BREAST
- 35. PULLING IN OF THE NIPPLE OR OTHER PARTS OF THE BREAST
- 36. NIPPLE DISCHARGE THAT STARTS SUDDENLY
- 37. FINDING AN ITCHY, SCALY SORE OR RASH ON THE NIPPLE
- 38. PAIN IN ONE SPOT THAT DOES NOT VARY WITH CYCLE
- 39. MAMMOGRAPHY • X-ray of the breast
- 40. SONOMAMMOGRAPHY • Ultrasound of the breast • Usually if problem on mammography
- 41. CONFUSED??? • Know of your family history/risk factors • Get to know your breast. • Discuss what you should be doing with your doctor
- 42. CONFUSED??? • Clinical Breast Exam should be performed every year by a trained health worker after 40 year of age and at least after every three years starting at 20 years • Mammography every year after 40 or 45 years in average risk cases: start at 30 years in high risk and do MRI
- 43. PAKISTAN: THE GOOD NEWS • Increased awareness • One stop breast clinics
- 44. THANK YOU