The document discusses breast cancer awareness month which is observed in October. It provides facts about breast cancer including that it is the most common cancer in Indian women, with one woman being diagnosed every 4 minutes. It describes symptoms, types, stages, risk factors, diagnostic tests, treatments including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, as well as prevention and treatment options in Chennai.
2. The Breast Cancer Awareness Month,
marked in countries across the world
every October, helps to increase attention
and support for the awareness, early
detection and treatment as well as
palliative care of this disease.
October-Breast CancerOctober-Breast CancerOctober-Breast Cancer
Awareness MonthAwareness MonthAwareness Month
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3. Breast Cancer Facts
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in
women in India.
In India, one woman is diagnosed with breast
cancer every 4 minutes.
One woman dies of breast cancer, every 13
minutes in India.
The high mortality rate is due to the lack of
awareness and delay in screening and diagnosis.
India sees a spurt in the cases of breast cancer in
the age group of 30 to 50
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Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is the cancer that develops
in breast cells.
Breast cancer usually begins either in your
glands that make milk (called lobular
carcinoma), or the ducts that carry it to the
nipple (called ductal carcinoma).
It can grow larger in your breast and
spread to nearby lymph nodes or through
your bloodstream to other organs.
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5. A breast lump or thickening that feels
different from the surrounding tissue.
Change in the size, shape or
appearance of a breast.
Changes to the skin over the breast,
such as dimpling.
Nipple discharge that can be bloody
or clear.
A newly inverted nipple.
Redness or pitting of the skin over
your breast, like the skin of an orange.
Symptoms
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6. Ductal carcinoma in situ: The cancer cells are
confined to the ducts in your breast and haven’t
invaded the surrounding breast tissue.
Lobular carcinoma in situ: It is the cancer that
grows in the milk-producing glands of your breast.
Invasive ductal carcinoma:This type of breast
cancer begins in your breast’s milk ducts and then
invades nearby tissue in the breast.
Invasive lobular carcinoma: It first develops in your
breast’s lobules and has invaded nearby tissue.
Types
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7. Stage 0: The cells are limited to within the ducts.
Stage 1: The tumor measures up to 2cm and it has not
affected any lymph nodes.
Stage 2: The tumor is 2 to 5 cm across, and it has started
to spread to nearby nodes.
Stage 3: The tumor is up to 5 cm across, and it has
spread to several lymph nodes.
Stage 4: The tumor is up to 5 cm across, and it has
spread to several lymph nodes.
Breast Cancer Stages
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8. Risk Factors You Can't Control
Age
Race
Dense breasts
Personal history of cancer
Family history
Genetic mutuations
Menstrual history
Radiation therapy
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Physical Activity: The less you move,
the higher your chances.
Weight and diet: Being overweight
after menopause raises your odds.
Alcohol consumption
Reproductive history:
Taking hormones
Risk Factors You Can Control
You have your first child after age 30.
You don’t breastfeed.
You don’t have a full-term pregnancy.
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10. Breast self exam
Mammogram
Breast Ultrasound
Biopsy(Removing a sample
of breast cells for testing)
Breast magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI)
Tests and procedure to
diagnose breast cancer includes:
Diagnosis
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12. Treatments
Surgery is the most common treatment for breast cancer. Other
treatments include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation, or
hormone therapy. Most common breast cancer surgeries are:
Lumpectomy: Removal of the breast cancer.
Mastectomy: Removal of the entire breast.
Sentinel node biopsy: Removing a limited
number of lymph nodes.
Axillary lymph node dissection: Removing
several lymph nodes.
Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy:
Removing both breasts.
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13. Radiation therapy: With radiation therapy, high-powered
beams of radiation are used to target and kill cancer cells.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is a drug treatment used
to destroy cancer cells. It is ofen used along with other
treatments, especially surgery.
Hormone therapy: Oestrogen and progesterone, two
female hormones, can stimulate the growth of breast
cancer tumors. Hormone therapy works by blocking your
body’s production of these hormones
Medications: Targeted drug treatments attack specific
abnormalities within cancer cells. Some medications are
used after surgery to reduce the risk of reccurence.
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14. Prevention
Limit alcohol
Don't smoke
Control your weight
Eat a healthy and balanced diet
Be physically active
Breast feed your baby
Limit dose and duration of
hormone therapy
Avoid exposure to radiation and
environmental pollution.
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