Compare And Contrast The Spread Of Licinius Under The...

Compare And Contrast The Spread Of Licinius Under The...
Constantine defeated the Eastern Emperor Licinius in the civil war of 324. Since this point, he
reigned over the whole united Roman Empire. One of Constantinople's actions as Emperor was to
move the capital of Rome from the city of Rome to Byzantium, which he renamed Constantinople.
Rome, as the original capital, still retained much of its power. The two cities served as capitals of the
Eastern and Western halves of the Empire. Having contracted a serious illness, Constantine was
officially baptised into Christianity on his deathbed. The next great change for Christianity came
under the rule of Emperor Theodosius in 379 AD. Although the Roman Empire had been
predominately Christian for some time, Theodosius took the final step in making Christianity
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Great Schism Dbq
In 1054, the Great Schism occurred between the Roman Catholics and the Orthodox Christians,
when the Pope first excommunicated the Patriarch of Constantinople. Not long after that, the
Patriarch excommunicated the Pope, causing the split. There were many issues prior that created the
Great Schism between the east and west both before and after 1054. It would appear from the
documentation that the east had more issues with how the west conducted the church. The issues
that caused the Schism between the two churches happened prior to 1054, but more issues occurred
after the split. Before the split occurred, there were multiple differences that the Latin Catholics and
the Eastern Orthodox, which could be possible reasons for the schism. The catholics ... Show more
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In 1136, a man named Nicetas stated that "The Roman Church separated herself by her pretensions.
She became a monarchy." (Document 2) The document goes further and explains that the Roman
Pope has become more of a supreme ruler, hurls orders at the people and even judges them. That is
not the way to rule the church, but to let the supreme God rule instead of man. Later, in 1205, Greek
citizens wrote when the church was ruled by a Latin Emperor, "Since then, small is the gap between
Latins (Catholics) and Greeks which loosen the unity of the one church," (Document 6) The citizens
wish for the union of the two churches, but it remains in denial, and talks about how the two
separate churches are leading to the division of the one church. In 1274, a Byzantine diplomat who
agreed to the reunion of the churches, named Metochites, said "Should we who are prounionists
simply because we favor union with Rome be subjected to being called supporters of a foreign
nation and not Byzantine patriots?" (Document 7) This man is in favor of the reunion with Rome,
but pushes the fact that by being in favor, that they no longer want their own religion and are
considered a Westerner. He simply wishes for reunion with the Catholics. Finally, in 1349, the
Serbian Law Code states in article 6 that "any Christians who have turned to unleavened bread, let
them return

Western And Byzantine Church Similarities
The bold movement of Christianity and the slow fall of the Roman Empire constituted a new phase
in Rome and the birth of the Eastern and Western Churches that left a profound place in Western
history. The relationship of the Byzantine Church to the Romans was one that was growing
indifferent during the 5th thru 11th century of the Middle Ages. During this time three bishops stood
forth from the political with great superiority among the cities in which they ruled. The transfer of
the seat of empire from Rome to Constantinople and the later eclipse of Alexandria and Antioch as
battlegrounds of Islam and Christianity promoted the importance of Constantinople. The similarities
of the East and the West were many but the differences weighed ... Show more content on
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The Eastern Orthodox Church believed this spurned the tradition that taught that God the Father is
the source of the Son and the Holy

East-West Schism Essay
The East–West Schism is a split that shows how some groups never get along, even in the Church.
The Eastern Christian Church and the Western Church had many issues that led up to the schism.
The east side, also known as the Byzantine Empire, followed Greek philosophy, whereas the west
side followed Roman law. Those are very different, so the sides did not practice Christianity exactly
the same. Furthermore, the East spoke Greek, but the West spoke Latin. This was an obvious
language barrier and caused some difficulties in communicating, which must have added to the
already troublesome dissimilarities between the two sides. The actual schism took place when the
leaders of the eastern and western sides of the Church excommunicated each other.

What Is East-West Schism?
Schism of 1054, also called East–West Schism, event that precipitated the final separation between
the Eastern Christian churches (led by the patriarch of Constantinople, Michael Cerularius) and the
Western Church (led by Pope Leo IX). The mutual excommunications by the Pope and the Patriarch
that year became a watershed in church history. The excommunications were not lifted until 1965,
when Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras, following their historic meeting in Jerusalem in
1964, presided over simultaneous ceremonies that revoked the excommunication decrees.
The relation of the Byzantine Church to the Roman may be described as one of growing
estrangement from the 5th to the 11th century. In the early church three bishops stood forth
prominently,

The Change in Christian Doctrine and Practices During the...
Christianity experienced notable change during the Byzantine Era as a result of the fact that new
ideas were introduced into the religion and because more and more cultural values from across the
world started to pervade it. The religion was very different in Byzantium from how it was in the
West principally because a series of Eastern ideas were adopted by Christian leaders. Christianity
experienced a different development in the East when compared to the evolution that it experienced
in the West. In the centuries lasting between the beginning of the Eastern half of the Roman Empire
and the end of a small medieval state Christianity has practically been bombarded with Eastern ideas
and with ideas that generally differed from the ones promoted in the West, eventually making it
possible for "a distinct system of religious practice and devotion" (Krueger, 1) to emerge.
It only seemed natural for the Orthodox East and the Catholic West to have a series of elements
differentiating them from each–other. However, it is actually surprising that most of these
differences emerged as a result of cultural practices influencing each branch of Christianity.
Individuals in the East developed innovative methods of putting across Christian thinking and
managed to create a cult that largely differed from the one in the West. In spite of the fact that the
Byzantine Empire shrank across time, it managed to induce intense feelings in communities
neighboring it. Some of these influences can be

The Great Schism, also Known as the East-West Division
People separate and then reunited; people quarrel and then reconciled. Similarly, Christianity also
has separation reunion, argument and reconciliation. Christianity was started as one body, and then
multiple factors gradually contributed to the split of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman
Catholic Church. Some of these factors are such as the different understanding of Christianity, the
different point of views toward the authority of the Pope and the different ideas of governing the
Church. All the different thoughts created the disagreement between the two branches of Church. In
other words, the conflict came up, and eventually led to the Great Schism. The differences between
these two branches of church were significant because ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, The differences between the government and doctrine of these two churches were also an
important cause of the split. According to the Eastern Orthodox, the Pope has the "authority is thus
no greater or lesser than any of his fellow Bishops in the Church."(Hallam 11). The main idea of this
is that the Pope and Bishops have an equal authority. Oppositely, the Roman Catholic agreed," The
Pope is the 'Vicar of Christ'."(Hallam 11). In other words, the Pope is head of the Church and he
holds supreme authority in Christendom. This makes it obvious that the two churches disagree with
each other on the way of governing the Church. "Rome preferred an almost ³business–like´
terseness; Constantinople delighted in³diffuse poetical rhapsodies interspersed with prayer."
(Moreover, "Roman Catholicism teaches that human reason can prove that God is; and, even infer
that He is eternal, infinite, good, bodiless, almighty, all–knowing, etc." (Azkoul), the Roman
Catholic governed the Church with more logic than the Eastern Orthodox. In other words, the
Roman Catholic Church tried to examine every question, and wanted to give every question a
logical answer. For example, "At the same time, the Latins interpret the Sacraments in a legal and
philosophical way"(Azkoul). In addition, the Roman Catholic Church restricted the follower to live
and act in a particular way in order to show the idea of "catholic" which means universal.

The Differences Of The Eastern Orthodox And Roman Church
The Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic, are two variations of the same religion, that due to some
disagreements over certain ideas and religious teachings leads to the great Schism in 1054 AD. The
great schism of 1054 refers to the final separation of the Eastern Orthodox church, led by the
patriarch in Constantinople and the western church, led by Pope Leo IX. The estrangement between
the Orthodox and Roman church, happened gradually over the course of the 5th and much of the
11th century. The reasons of the Schism are attributed to several differences between the two
churches. The religious and doctrinal studies of the East, had roots in Greek philosophy, while the
Western studies closely followed Roman law. Misunderstandings between the two churches then led
to two separate ways of defining one doctrine, which would initiate the split. The doctrine in
question, procession of the Holy Spirit, where without consulting the East the Roman churches
added "and from the Son" to the Nicene Creed. This was not the only thing the two churches clashed
on. The eastern church resented the forced clerical celibacy, political jealousies and interests only
intensified the disputes. There had been schisms before but not ones that were permanent. While
there may have been hopes for a reconciliation, the eastern Greeks were infuriated by the Latin
capture of Constantinople in 1204 A.D. After this, any pleas from the west concerning reunion were
rejected. ("Schism of 1054") The Roman

Essay On Christianity In The Byzantine Empire
Christianity has changed a lot during the Byzantine empire. In 312 emperor Constantine was
interested with the religion and started practicing it. Constantine was the first emperor to introduce
Christianity, though it wasn't until emperor Theodosius made Christianity the official religion in 391
that it really became popular. When Christianity became the official religion, the government also
adopted it, meaning that many laws were based off of the faith. The first major change in the
religion from when it was first adopted was when the west and the east debated which person was
the supreme leader. In the west, they believed the supreme leader was the pope, the pope was a
patriarch of Rome. Instead, the east believed that the patriarch of ... Show more content on
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Icons were religious artifacts of Jesus, Virgin Mary, or the saints. These artifacts were kept in
churches and homes. For a while, no one could decide wether artifacts should be banned or not.
Pope Gregory believed that icons were good things. During this time frame many could not read.
This made it hard for Christian followers to connect with their religion. They were not able to read
the bible, so the only way to make a connection was through pictures and sculptures of their holy
people. Additionally, stricter Christians were against the idea of icons because they felt that
worshipping the icons was like worshipping an idol, or false god. These people who didn't agree
with icons were called iconoclasts. These disagreements led to an iconoclastic controversy in 726.
Leo III called for all icons in the empire to be destroyed. They smashed paintings and sculptures, no
matter how important it was to you. Considerably later, the pope called for all the bishops to meet
with him to talk about how he felt that icons were good. They then changed the law due to the fact
that not allowing to honor icons was a heresy, an opinion that goes against official church beliefs.
They re–wrote the laws specifying that if anyone is to destroy icons again, they will be
excommunicated (a free ticket to H E double hockey

Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodox Church is known as Orthodox Catholic Church; it is one of three major doctrinal
and jurisdictional sects of Christianity (Meyendorff). Today, 225 million people follow Orthodox
Catholic Christians they live mainly in the Balkans, the Middle East, some are America, and Russia.
"Eastern Orthodoxy is the large body of Christians who follow the faith and practices that were
defined by the first seven ecumenical councils" (Meyendorff). The word orthodox means right
believing, they also follows the tradition and the doctrine with a strict interpretation. The word
Orthodox (rightly believing) was first used by the Greek–speaking Christian who labeled the
communities or individuals who conserve the true faith, as defined by those councils,

What Caused The Great Schism Of 1054
To understand what caused The Great Schism of 1054, it is important to first have a background
knowledge of who was involved. The divide occurred among the land, with a west side and an east
side. The western side was inhabited by Romans and spanned from current Portugal over to
Hungary, also including the more northern countries from Ireland to Sweden. These borders were
frequently changed throughout history, although their principal area was always that of the German
states. This area was referred to as the Holy Roman Empire. The Eastern area, on the other hand,
were inhabited by Greeks and the area was often referred to as the Byzantium Empire. The empire
included current Russia and Bulgaria. These countries together formed the Eastern Slavic
Principalities, with their capital based out of Constantinople. Apart from the geological differences,
there were also political and lingual differences between the East and West. Communication was
difficult between the Greek–speaking East and the Latin–speaking West, as the church and other
leaders no longer read, let alone spoke the language of the other half of the Christian world. The
language barrier separated the civilizations greatly. Apart from lingual differences, there were also
political differences within both the church and the empires. Both sides had differing views on who
should hold power in the church. On the eastern side, the Byzantine emperor was also the leader in
the church. His name was Michael Cerularius,

Constantine as a Christian Hero Essay
Constantine as a Christian Hero
Christianity's history is filled with division, controversy, and conflict. One of the most important
people who contributed to the lasting success of this diverse religion was Constantine. While
legalizing Christianity in Roman society, he founded the capital of the eastern Roman Empire,
Constantinople. Because of this and other great accomplishments, Constantine appropriately earned
the name Constantine the Great. After his father's death in 306, the Gaul army hailed Constantine as
their ruler. After five years as the emperor of Gaul, Constantine invaded Italy. After defeating the
Roman army, Constantine entered Rome as the ruler of the western half of the empire. In 313,
Constantine issued ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the other hand, Athanasius, the leader of the bishops in the west, claimed that the Father and Son
were equal and of the same substance. In 325, as a mediator, Constantine called together a council
of bishops at Nicaea in Asia Minor. While condemning Arius and his teachings, the council declared
the complete equality of God the Father and the Son. The teaching that Father and Son were made
up "of one substance" became part of the Nicene Creed, the statement that helped to unite
Christianity. The council addressed other issues as well, including the method for consecrating
bishops. Next, Constantine moved the capital from Rome to the east. He chose the Greek city of
Byzantium. In 330, after expanding and enriching the city, it was dedicated as New Rome, but it was
called Constantinople, meaning "the city of Constantine." Constantinople became the capital of
Christianity in the east, while Rome dominated the religion in the west. Constantine's continuous
support for Christianity is one of the reasons that it is still a major religion today. I believe that
Constantine was a great ruler because of his dedication to the unity of Christianity. Regardless of the
different schisms in the religion, Constantine was determined to make Christianity unified. The
Edict of Milan shows that Constantine had respect for other religions and allowed them, but
preferred Christianity. It also shows that, even

The Great Monotheistic Religions: The Prince Of Peace
Religion, causing conflict
Many worshippers in the great monotheistic religions associate their faiths with peace. Christ,
himself, is sometimes called "The Prince of Peace." The Pope, leader of the Catholic Church, often
prays for world peace and encourages all sides in bloody conflicts to lay down their arms. It is not
just Christianity that is associated with peace; Muhammad hoped Islam would bring peace to the
clans of the Arabian Peninsula, and the traditional way to refer to Muhammad among Muslims is,
"The Prophet, peace be upon him." It is, therefore, ironic that these monotheistic religions, in the
period between 1300 BC and 1452 AD, created far more conflict and disharmony than they did
peace. Internal and external conflicts created ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As mentioned before, the Israelites took over Canaan and Solomon built the great temple in
Jerusalem. After this time period, the Jews had their temple destroyed; in 586 BC Judah was
conquered by the Babylonians who destroyed the temple, but in 300 BC the Jews built another
temple in place of the destroyed temple. The destruction of this temple was a major external conflict
because the temple was built to unify the Hebrews. This affected them the most because destroying
the temple symbolized destroying the Jewish religion. Another external conflict in the Jewish faith
would be the Babylonian exile and the Jewish Diaspora. After Judah was conquered, the
Babylonians moved most of the Jewish religions to Babylon; the Babylon Exile. The movement of
Jews from their homeland is the Jewish Diaspora; beginning with the Babylonian exile and the
destruction of Solomon's temple. The Jews losing their homeland was important because it forced
the Jews to develop their culture and faith outside of their homeland. The Babylon Exile and the
Jewish Diaspora are external conflicts in the Jewish monotheistic religion because it showed the
physical effects of religion; the symbolic temple being destroyed and rebuilt. The last external
conflict would be in the Islamic religion. Muhammad, the leader of the Islamic faith, lived in Mecca
with his uncle for several years after his parents passing, but when his uncle died he lost all his

Christianity In The Middle East
Imagine being unable to pray or attend church without the risk of being murdered. Living in
constant fear that your whole way of life will be swept right from under you. Would you be willing
to risk your life for your religion? Middle Eastern Christians are not persecuted because they are
criminals, but because of what they believe. They simply want the freedom of faith and religion that
Americans experience every day. Each day, Christians in the Middle East are slaughtered, tortured,
raped, kidnapped, beheaded, and forced to flee the birthplace of Christianity. If these indignities
continue, Christianity in the Middle East could disappear. The persecution of Christians in the
Middle East is not new. In fact, it traces back to the Roman Empire ... Show more content on
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By the sixth century, Western churches were using Latin compared to Greek in Eastern Churches. In
addition to the language differences, they were also a number of religious practices that separated.
For example, leavened or raised bread was used for Eucharist in the East, but not in the West. The
West required celibacy while the East allowed some marriages for clergy. Theologically, the two
groups fought over a clause inserted into the Nicene Creed in 589 by a Western ecumenical council
in Toledo. The clause was known as the filioque. "It indicated that Holy Spirit proceeded from the
Father and the Son; the Eastern Churches rejected the addition of and the Son" (Bailey 52). When
the Patriarch of Constantinople and the Roman papal legate excommunicated each other in 1054, it
only furthered the growing schism between Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches. A few
years after the major schism, the Crusades began and completely tore apart the relationship. Catholic
crusaders killed Orthodox Christians along with Muslims. All hope of reconciliation was ended
when the soldiers of the Fourth Crusade raided the Church of the Holy Wisdom in Constantinople in
1204. Not only have Christians had trouble with other Christians, but also conflicts with groups of
other

The Great Schism Of 1054 Chapter Summary
The Great Schism of 1054 The Great Schism of 1054 was the separation of what is now the Eastern
Orthodox Churches and the Western Roman Catholic Churches. In the book, The Orthodox Church,
Timothy Ware explains several reasons that influence the separation of these two churches.
Ware explains how the Great Schism happened gradually over time, where Catholicism would
slowly branch away from the Eastern Side. He specifically pointed out that starting in 1009, the new
Pope's on the western part of Europe were not included in the Constantinopolitan Patriarch list of all
the great Patriarchs, or the Diptychs. Since all of this started in 1009, Ware believes that this is the
"real" date of the Great Schism. The Diptychs are "a visible sign of unity

Religion Vs Byzantineism
Geography: The West encompassed Western Europe and the northern and western areas of the
Mediterranean and the East took up Asia Minor, the Middle East, and Northern Africa. Ignorance:
The Byzantine Church knew less and less Latin and even less Latin tradition, and vice versa. So
most patriarchs in Constantinople couldn't read any Latin, and most popes in Rome couldn't read
any Greek. Byzantines in the East used leavened bread in their Divine Liturgy to symbolize the
Risen Christ, and Latins in the West used unleavened bread as was used by Jesus at the Last Supper.
Different theologies: Both were valid, but each had its own perspective. The West (Latin) was more
practical and, although fully believing in the divinity of Christ, put emphasis

East-West Schism Vs. Eastern Orthodox Christianity
For the first one thousand years of their existence, these churches were the same institution. The
split between the Western and Eastern Christian churches into the Roman Catholic and Eastern
Orthodox churches is referred to as the Great Schism or, more definitively, the "East–West Schism",
which occurred in 1054. This occurred due to long–running cultural and theological differences,
power struggles, and lack of communication. Prominently they argued over what type bread
(leavened vs. unleavened) to use to represent the body of Christ in the Eucharist. Each side had
developed different traditions. But how different are they really? They have so much in common,
what exactly do they believe that made them diverge?
Both the Roman Catholics and the Orthodox Christians agree on which scriptures are the recognized
gospels, on the same seven sacraments/mysteries. They share similar beliefs of who Mary was and
see her as their greatest saint.
Despite the fact that both are branches of Christianity as a whole, Eastern Orthodox Christianity and
Roman Catholicism seem to have poor opinions of each other. They share many core beliefs
regarding Jesus ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As far as confessing sins, the Orthodox are similar in the regard they confess their sins in
intercession with the clergy and they will be absolved of them. The Eastern Orthodox believes that
the Virgin Mary was capable of sin, but resisted it her whole life. For if she was created without sin,
then this would mean she wasn't human. They don't accept she was born with sin, because they don't
believe in original sin, as previously stated. The Catholic Church believes she was conceived and
born without it. They reject the idea of the Immaculate Conception as well, while the Catholic
Church declared it as a dogma (principles laid down as incontrovertible

Schism Of 1054 Dbq
Although it is widely accepted that the Schism of 1054 was caused by religious differences in the
Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church, or Latin Christian, cultural differences
and political tensions played an equally important role is the separation of the Christian Church in
Europe.
The centers of the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches were surrounded by very
different influences, causing substantial differences in culture, which bred and built up conflict when
the two empires interacted. The surrounding cultures of each empire were crucial in the shaping of
culture. For instance, in the Eastern Orthodox Empire, had a base for their culture formed by a
mixture of Greek, Western Asian, and Egyptian qualities, but ... Show more content on
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Most notably, the difference in leadership sparked a lack of unity between the East and West. The
West divided secular and ecclesiastical issues into two roles: the emperor and the Pope. This
separation of responsibility allowed each head to focus a great amount of energy into the protection
of the Church and state. In particular, the elimination of heretics in the West was a source of pride
for the Roman Catholic Church and is mentioned in multiple primary sources, such as Document
#63 in The Human Record and "Anna Comnena on the Suppression of Bogomil Heretics."
Unfortunately, the separate leadership positions produced an internal tension while both the Pope
and emperor were aiming to be accepted as the more powerful leader. A prime example of this
competition would be between Pope Leo III and King Charles when, before King Charles could
declare himself emperor of all of the West, Pope Leo III invited him to Rome, where mosaics
depicting shared power between the Pope and emperor had been placed, and crowned him emperor,
which reinforced the idea that the religious leader held power over the secular leader. In contrast, the
East's leader was both the secular and religious leader, as shown in the Ravenna mosaics of Justinian
and Theodora (Document #61, The Human Record). The couple were depicted with symbols of both
legal and religious authority including purple robes, for royalty, religious, military, and domestic
figures, ornate crowns, and the bread and wine for mass. The choice to keep one person as both
secular and religious leader caused a lack of tension between the two aspects, but also caused less
changes to be made, such as banning heretics, which the West found appalling. In Document #63 of
The Human Record it reads, "all heresies have emanated from [the East] and have flourished among
[the East]; among us, that is Westerners, they

Historical And Theological Issues Surrounding The Catholic...
There was many historical and theological issues surrounding the split between the Catholic and the
Orthodox church. There were cultural factors that impacted how the religion was practiced. There
was political factors, as per usual politics ruin everything. Aside from all the socio–political reasons
the main reason there was a schism was because the east and west disagreed on aspects of religion.
The Great Schism, was the event that divided Christianity into Western (Roman) Catholicism and
Eastern Orthodoxy. All though it is normally dated to 1054, when Pope Leo IX and Patriarch
Michael I excommunicated each other, the East–West Schism was actually the result of an extended
period of estrangement between the two bodies of churches. The primary causes of the Schism were
disputes over papal authority. According to Rome the Pope held authority over the four Eastern
patriarchs, while the four eastern patriarchs claimed that the primacy of the Patriarch of Rome was
only honorary and thus he had authority only over Western Christians,
Cultural differences that separated ancient Greece from ancient Rome still held true for the early
Christian church. Language was an important factor in the schism, the entire early Christian world
was split almost precisely along the Greek–Latin language boundary. Words, and ideas could not be
precisely translated, and words often had multiple meanings in one language views them in another.
The language problem was also symbolic of the

Issues Before And After 1054 Dbq Essay
Many issues that created the Great Schism between the East and West, both before 1054 and after
1054. It would appear from the documents that the Eastern Orthodox has more issues with how the
West was conducting religion. Some documents would tell us that the Catholic had issues before and
after 1054 C.E. Also the Eastern Orthodox had issues before and after 1054. Both religions had
issues before and after the time of 1054 C.E., but the Eastern Orthodox had more issues. It would
appear to us by the documents that the Catholic had issues before 1054 C.E. In 86 C.E we learned
that the Pope had an problem because the jurisdiction of Rome should be restored as possible. We
learn that the jurisdiction of Rome was necessary because it helped them ... Show more content on
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These were the issues that we learned that we're going on before 1054 in the Catholic faith. We learn
by the documents that the Catholic religion had many issues after 1054 C.E. We learn from a French
knight in 1204 that they believed that everyone should see the sermon on Sunday morning. When
the sermon happened there were many different commands that the people were told do (Document
1), so I think that the sermon was important for the customs of the Catholic religion. We learn from
a king how he has taken over some land and how he received the land from the Pope and through
the power of the God (Document 9). He thought that the God would be able to protect him from
things in life. I believe that when someone thinks that they will receive protection from God than
they are not as nervous about the things that they do. These are some of the issues that we learn that
the Catholic had after 1054 C.E in their religion. There were some documents that we were given
that tell us some of the Eastern Orthodox issues before 1054 C.E. We learn how that the Bishops
that are in the council are supreme leaders can cause many problems (Document

The Great Schism Of 1054: Western Catholic Church And...
Schism of 1054
The Great Schism occurred in 1054 when the Western Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox
Church split, slicing the religion in two. The conflict materialized for many reasons, but mainly the
disagreements of the power of the Pope and the language difference of the West and East. The East
believed in an ecumenical patriarch heavily disputing the power of the Pope. The West thought the
Pope deserved full power, hence the name Power of the Pope. Moreover, while trying to argue about
the power of the Pope, they couldn't understand each other, posing another dilemma.
In the East, Greek was used in the Church, whereas Latin was used in the West. This obviously
created misunderstandings, and eventually disputes, between the two.

Causes Of The Great Schism
Was the Great Schism a good thing?
The Greek and Roman empires were two different and unique places to live. Even though they had
many differences, they also had many similarities with one another. One of the biggest similarities
between these two great empires was they both practiced the religion of Christianity. People may not
know but they practiced different types of Christianity in these two empires. The Romans would
practice in Catholic churches while the Greeks would practice in the Orthodox church. The reason
for these two churches to split up was because of an event called the Great Schism which caused
Christianity to split into these two churches. Many people at the time might say that this was a good
thing, others might say it's a bad thing. The schism caused many different event to occur. According
to the documents, assumption of power and rivalry over land was the causes of the schism, churches
blaming each other and ill treatment were its effects. One of the events that lead to the schism was
that one church had more power that the other. As it states in Document 1, "If he wishes to judge us
and even rule us and our church, not by taking council with us but his own arbitrary" (Document 1).
This quote is said by an Orthodox Archbishop named Nicomedia. In other words, Nicomedia s
trying to say that the Roman Catholic church things it has more power than the Greek Orthodox
church. Nicomedia complains that the Catholic church is trying to take over the Orthodox

The Schisms Of The Catholic Church
The schisms of the Catholic Church is instrumental in creating a platform that sparks the
Reformation and eventually establishes the Protestant Church. Because of the stronghold
Christianity has and its ability to permeate within the confines of the Roman Empire, leaders decide
to befriend Christians and seek their support. With this in mind, believers are tolerated and
eventually, Theodosius I make Christianity the state religion of the Empire and forbids the worship
of pagan gods. After Theodosius' rule the Empire split, but the church maintains its relevance in both
the West and the East (Chase, Jacob, Jacob, & Von Laue, 2013, p. 172).
Even though the Roman Empire in the West is captured by Germanic tribes, the East flourishes.
Byzantine

The Great Schism of 1054 that occurred in the Catholic...
The Great Schism of 1054 that occurred in the Catholic Church has left a once united people
separated because of conflict. These issues that tore them apart are still true today and the relations
between Catholics and Orthodox Christians has yet to be repaired.
The Eastern Schism was a result of many problems but it was largely a struggle between two main
churches; the Western Church located in Rome, and the Eastern Church that was centered in
Constantinople. Barbarian invaders, who were on a mission to recapture their lands, were a main
influence on the separation of the Roman Empire of the time. When Diocletian named two Capitals
to his empire, Rome and Constantinople, it made communication very difficult and inadvertently led
to a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Pope supported Ignatius over Photius and because of this he became outraged with the Latin
Church. He condemned Western theology and practice. His biggest issue was the Western Church's
addition of the phrase "and from the Son" (filioque) to the Nicene Creed (Pennock 113). The Eastern
Church was completely against this phrase and object that the Holy Spirit came through the Son, not
from the Son. A conclusive split occurred when in the 11th century when Popes began to assert their
authority over the whole Church under German emperors. This gave rise to a figure by the name of
Michael Cerularius who preached a strong and violent anti–Latin attitude. He like others before him
were angered by the filoque (and from the Son) clause that was added to the Nicene Creed.
Additionally, he was extremely opposed to the Western tradition of clerical celibacy (priest allowed
to be married after ordination) and the unleavened bread used for Eucharist. He took it to the extent
of closing all Latin Churches in Constantinople and excommunicating any priest that gave mass in
Latin. This was the final straw in the rift between the East and the West (Latin vs. Greek). This
effectively marks the split between the two sides.
A positive relationship between the two Christian groups has not been restored though there have
been efforts to do so. IN the years shortly after the schism, there were attempts to restore a
connection through councils such as the Second Council of Lyons

What Is Evil In Dante's Inferno
In the Inferno, Canto XXVII, Dante comes across the Sowers of Scandal and Schism while on his
journey through hell. Dante, the poet, reveals that schism and scandal cause division within family
and community. The sinners must walk in an endless cycle of punishment. Their bodies are cut up
by the sword of a devil, only to heal and come back to be sliced again. These sinners are aware of
certain things going on in the world, but they can only contact the living through Dante the pilgrim.
There idea of helping the living reveals their inability to recognize their sins and why they are in
hell. Through poetic imagery and narration, Dante uses a comparison to the battle of Puglia, the
mutilation of the bodies, and the encounter with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bertran de Born's head has been severed from his body, and walks around holding his head by the
hair, swinging it just like a lantern. By advising a son to rebel against his father, he caused an
unethical divide within family and political leaders. The head, the father, is now separate from the
body, the son. Now Bertran must suffer the pains of division he has caused. Dante says "of his own
self he made himself a light and they were two in one, and one in two." The contrapasso is so clear,
that Bertran himself is his own light, realizing his own sin. He is aware that he has made himself
into his own example. He even states, "In me you see the perfect contrapasso!" The 'two in one and
one in two' represents the whole being split by the schism into parts. Together the parts are still
Bertran, just as Henry III is family to Henry II in the same nation, but they are at the same time two
separate parts because they have turned against one another. The sight of Bertran's severed head is
unnatural, just as a son turning against his own father is an abomination against family. The
suffering of Bertran reflects the division he caused within family, revealing the heinous and sinful
nature of

Byzantine Empire: The Great Schism Of 1054
Before the era of the Byzantine Empire, the Roman Empire had disagreements about their faith and
religion. They encountered differences that eventually caused them to split in two. The Byzantine
Empire was successful in discovering the Orthodox Christian religion and building a new empire
that preserved Roman laws. Without the great schism, Roman laws would've been forgotten and
there would not have been the exploration of a new religion.
The Great Schism of 1054 was when the Roman Empire split into halves, to the Roman Empire
(which was Catholic) to the west, and the Byzantine Empire (which was Orthodox) to the east. This
schism was caused by quarrels about their religion. They believed in different things when it came
to who was "in charge" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Constantine was the first emperor to tolerate Christianity. As time went on and the empire became
under the rule of Justinian, one of the most beautiful architectures in Europe, the Hagia Sophia, was
built. As more adjustments were being made to the empire, one of the biggest changes was
expansion. The Byzantine Empire started to conquer more of the land to the west and had started
expanding the empire to the point where it included Italy, Sicily, North Africa, southern Spain,
Syria, Greece, Italy, Egypt, and North Africa. The location of the capital, Constantinople, eventually
made it become extremely successful and wealthy. This was because the empire brought together
Europe and Asia, and Constantinople started to play an important role in the spice trade routes.
Through the trade routes, they were able to exchange silk, cloth, gold, fish, caviar, leather, spices,
stones, and etc. from all over the Asia. The empire's growth lead to the spread of Christianity.
Unfortunately, due to the empire's expansion and how large it was, the Byzantine Empire
encountered many difficulties. There was much more land for the military to guard, especially after
Justinian had built the twelve mile border of walls and because so many people were trying to
overthrow the empire in greed. An example would be the Barbarian people, who wanted to take over
the Byzantine Empire and its capital for the land, power, and wealth. Even though the Byzantine
Empire gained access to more resources, the resources were used up due to how many people were a
part of the empire. In 532–537, while under the rule of Justinian, one of the most beautiful
architectures in Europe was built. This architecture was known by the name the Hagia Sophia,
which meant "holy

Comparison Of East-West Schism And The Byzantine Empire
The Schism of 1054 (also known as the Great Schism, the East–West Schism and the 1000 Year
Schism) was a defining moment in Christianity's two thousand year history, dividing
"Chalcedonian" Christianity into two separate Church bodies of which would become Western
(Roman) Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
Though there is a broad historical, theological and religious consensus that the official break of
communion is dated to the year 1054 C.E., when Pope Leo IX and Patriarch Michael I
excommunicated each other, this was not the sole cause of the schism that would divide these
denominations for some two centuries, but rather, to use the cliché, the 'straw that broke the camel's
back'.
ORIGINS
Since the foundation of Christendom, the Church ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
THE GREAT SCHISM
The Great Schism split the previously united Christian Faith along doctrinal, theological, linguistic,
political, and geographic lines, each claiming to be "the One Holy Catholic (universal) and
Apostolic Church."
One of the main contributing factors to the division has its roots in the non–canonical insertion of
the filioque clause into the Nicene Creed by the Roman Church. The inclusion of the Filioque (Latin
for "and [from] the Son") was, and still is not accepted by the Eastern Churches, due to its
consideration as a direct violation of the Council of Ephesus.
Other disputes included:
⇨ the jurisdiction of the Western or Eastern Church in the Balkan States.
⇨ Disputes in regards to Papal Authority, primarily over the four remaining patriarchs and the
extent of his authority.
⇨ Differing liturgical practices, which were condemned by the opposing Churches, such as the use
of unleavened bread for the Eucharist in the West and the Eastern practice of intinction (dipping) of
the bread in the wine for Communion.
⇨ Differing views over date on which Easter should be celebrated in the

The Schism Between The East And The West
The Great Schism There were many issues that created the Great Schism between the East and the
West, both before 1054 CE and after. However it would appear from the documentation that the East
had more issues with how the West conducted religion and ran their church. The issues that occurred
with how the West conducted religion and ran their church happened prior to 1054 CE. Furthermore
the ambassadors from the Pope excommunicated the Patriarch of Constantinople around 1054 CE.
The following day, the Patriarch excommunicated the Pope. Then the official Schism between the
Latin Roman Catholic church and the Orthodox Catholic church began. 1054 CE is considered the
official date of the start of the schism, but there were tensions before that date. The schism still lasts
until this day. Issues that the Roman Catholics had prior to 1054 CE were well written by Pope John
VIII in the letter to the Greek Patriarch Photius in 861 CE, and also the Traditions of the Latin
Catholics and Eastern Orthodox around 1000 C.E. Pope John VIII wrote his letter to Photius saying
that he wished for his Bulgarian diocese be restored by them as soon as possible and they forbid any
ordinations to be performed by the heads the church in Constantinople. In addition He states "It is
our will that our Bulgarian diocese, which converted to Christianity through the efforts of my
predecessor, Pope Nicholas, and which was assigned to the jurisdiction of Rome by Pope Hadrian,
be restored as soon as

Early Church Fathers Attitudes Toward Women Essay
Chapter 6 Early Church Fathers' Attitudes Toward Women "Then, as the church became fused with
the secular, misogynistic society of Rome, Christ's attitude toward women and the doctrine of
equality were purposely forgotten," 21, 34 Following are only a few of the mean–spirited quotes
made by the early church so–called fathers and from modern preachers. This researcher believes this
kind of leadership has instigated erroneous beliefs about women and their place in the Christian
church. Furthermore, it has promoted discrimination against women in general and female clergy in
particular. Quotes are courtesy of John Wijngaards34 (2015) and Valerie Tarico35 (2013). The
feminist agenda is not about equal rights for women. It is about a socialist, anti–family political
movement that encourages women to leave their husbands, kill their children, practice witchcraft,
destroy capitalism and become lesbians.". Pat Robertson, Southern Baptist leader (1930–), In
Huffington Post (2014). "Most of these feminists are radical, frustrated lesbians, many of them, and
man–haters, and failures in their relationships with men, and who have declared war on the male
gender. The Biblical condemnation of feminism has to do with its radical philosophy and goals. That
's the bottom line."–Jerry Falwell. In Religious Tolerance (2016). "Wife: Be content to be
insignificant. What loss would it be to God or man had you never been born." ––– John Wesley
(1703–91). "The word and works of God

The Schism Between The East And West
In 1054, the Great Schism occurred between the Roman Catholics and the Orthodox Christians,
when the Pope first excommunicated the Patriarch of Constantinople. Not long after that, the
Patriarch excommunicated the Pope, causing the split. There were many issues prior that created the
Great Schism between the east and west both before and after 1054. It would appear from the
documentation that the east had more issues with how the west conducted the church. The issues
that caused the Schism between the two churches happened prior to 1054, but more issues occurred
after the split. Before the split occurred, there were multiple differences that the Latin Catholics and
the Eastern Orthodox, which could be possible reasons for the schism. The Catholics had different
authorities, government systems and rules which they followed daily. For starters, the Catholic
Church was separated from political authority, the Pope ruled the church and everything was
directed as a monarchy. The Eastern Orthodox had the Byzantine Emperor as the political head of
the church, a council of bishops was the supreme religious authority and was ruled as an oligarchy
(Doc 4). Their differences would eventually lead to arguments between them, and cause the split.
Before that, a man named Pope John VIII sent a letter to the Greek Patriarch Photius, stating that "It
is our will that our Bulgarian diocese, which converted to Christianity through the efforts of my
predecessor, Pope Nicholas, and which was

Roman Catholic Church Part 2 Summary
Part 2:
The two big splits in 1054, resulted in the Roman catholic church breaking into separate branches.
One being the Eastern Orthodox Catholics, and the other being the Roman Catholics who belong in
the West. The separation had been influenced by Germanic tribes invading across Europe and the
effect plunged the whole of Europe in the "Dark Ages". A mixture of many political, social, cultural,
economic, theological, linguistic differences caused a split in the Roman church.
Within the whole church, there were only five patriarchs. They were spread out mainly in the east
(Antioch, Alexandria, Jerusalem and Byzantium) which all spoke Greek and were also located in the
west of Rome, with their principal language Latin. Both of these two sides could not read nor have
any access to the writings of the theologians on the opposite side as the western theology was
supported by a small number of Latin theologians, whereas the east focused on Greek theology.
With all the lack of agreement and contrast, it had been the substructure for the Great Schism.
Part 3:
Traveling 500 years forward ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though Luther's questions were quite humble rather than accusing, the Pope found Luther's
writings to be opposing in the teachings that the church dispenses. They gave him a recant and
Martin refused and from this, the Pope excommunicated Luther from the catholic church. In 1521,
Luther was in sight before the diet of worms in Germany and from refusing again to the recant, he
finished his evidence in a statement saying "Here I stand. God help me. I can do no other"1. Later
his writings were burned, but he didn't stop. Hiding in Eisenach, he began on a major life project.
this was to translate the new testament into German. This life project took him ten

Impact Of Religion On The Byzantine And The Caliphates
How Religion Impacted the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic Caliphates Religions heavily
influenced the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic Caliphates in both similar and different ways.
Education, internal division, and architecture changed when the realms became theocracies. Both
highly valued education, until religious practices took precedence over higher learning, they built
chapels and mosques with astounding architecture, and they suffered a religious split, neither of
which ever healed. The Byzantine was influenced by Greco–Rome much more than the Islamic
empires, in both education and in architecture. However, the Islamic Caliphates spread their
knowledge and architecture more widely and much quicker than the Byzantine.
The majority of the Byzantine Empire's population followed the religion of Christianity. Whereas
the Islamic Caliphates population was almost entirely Muslim. Both empires placed high value on
education, and started teaching children at a very young age. In the Byzantine, children ages six
through ten attended primary school, where they learned the basic skills of reading and writing,
often using excerpts from the Bible. In the Caliphates, children of the same age learned elementary
Islam subjects along with reading and writing in Maktabs. Both civilizations had multiple levels of
education which were based on age. However, the Islamic Caliphates split the knowledge they
taught into three categories: First: the Islamic sciences,

What Is The East-West Schism
One of the assigned readings that struck me was "The Great Schism". It describes how and why
Christianity split into Eastern Orthodoxy and Western Roman Catholicism branches. The main
reasons that the East–West schism occurred were cultural, political and geographical. It corrected
my misunderstanding concerning the situations that led to the split between the Eastern and Western
Christendom. I was surprised to learn about some reasons that could play such a big role in diving
the two branches. Before learning about it in class, I had the misconception that the Catholic Church
was the only Christian church when the Reformation took place. Also, I came across few articles
that mark 1054 as the official year of the East–West

Roman Catholic Church vs Eastern Orthodox Church Essay
Before the split of 1054, the Roman Catholic Church or Western church and the Eastern Orthodox
Church or Byzantine church were almost one with each other. The two churches held the same
ideals and got along with one another the majority of the time. They had previous splits in the past
but they were never a permanent situation because they usually found a solution to their issues and
differences. The split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in
1054 seemed to have no resolution when their theological, political, and cultural differences became
too much for them to harmonize upon. Although the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern
Orthodox Church ultimately had more differences which ended up causing their ... Show more
The theological differences were some of the biggest reason why the Roman Catholic and Eastern
Orthodox churches split. The Eastern churches had theological roots in Greek philosophy and the
Western churches had theologies that constructed on their Roman law ("Schism of 1054", 2014,
para. 3). A strong issue that the two churches had was the theological proposition of the placement
and addition of "the Son" to the Roman creed. The Roman churches included the "Father and the
Son" in the Nicene creed without consulting the Eastern church while the Eastern church only used
the Father. The Orthodox Church believe it should have been written with "the Father" proceeded by
the Holy Spirit. Besides theological differences between the two churches there were also political
and cultural controversies. Before the split the Western church had begun to push for the
solidification of papal authority. The push for papal authority would cause the churches to become
more autocratic and centralized (Dennis, The East–West Schism, para. 10). This push had taken a
damper on the entire church and the hostility began to grow. "Problems arose in Southern Italy (then
under Byzantine rule) in the 1040s, when Norman warriors conquered the region and replaced
Greek [Eastern] bishops with Latin [Western] ones" (Dennis, para. 5). After Cerularius was
informed that the Normans were forbidding Greek customs in southern

Compare And Contrast Byzantine Empire And Western Europe
Due to the collapse of the Roman Empire, it split into two separate regions: the Byzantine Empire
and Western Europe. Both empires followed different paths of development. For example, Western
Europe was isolated from the rest of the world due to Europe's geography, but due to suitable
farming conditions, they had the ability to farm, which in turn supported a growing population.
Meanwhile, the Byzantine Empire is much more prosperous than its western counterpart due to the
efforts of Justinian, whose goal was to bring back the lifestyle of Ancient Rome. There are many
similarities and differences between the political and religious institutions of medieval Western
Europe and the Byzantine Empire. A schism formed between the East and the West due to power
struggles between the pope and the patriarchs. Christianity was divided into the Roman Catholic
church for the west and the Eastern Orthodox church for the east. There are key differences between
the two churches. First, the Byzantines outlawed the use of icons, while icons are permitted in the
west. In addition, Greek was the main language for the Byzantines, while Latin was the main
language for the west. Lastly, the pope controlled all church affairs in the west while the Byzantine
emperor controlled the church affairs for the east. In addition, the Byzantine Empire ... Show more
The split of Christianity into Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy and the fact that
Byzantium was linked to the wider world while Western Europe was isolated from the world are
some of those differences between the two empires. The Crusades and preservation of previous
ideas and works of previous civilizations by both empires are some of the similarities between them.
Also, as a result of the Crusades, Muslim and Greek scholarship enters Europe and also the contact
with the Islamic world stimulated a demand for Asian

Peter And The Council Of Nicaea Essay
Explain the Significance of Peter, Paul, Constantine and the Council of Nicaea, and the Schism of
1054
Peter: Initially Peter was known as Saul. He was the first disciple of Jesus who lived as a fisherman
on the Sea of Galilee until he was called, along with his brother Andrew, by Jesus. The important
even of being called by Jesus is recorded in early Matthew, "And Jesus, walking by the sea of
Galilee, saw two brethren, Simon called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea: for
they were fishers.And he saith unto them, Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men. And they
straightway left their nets, and followed him." (Matthew 4:18–20 KJV) While he is credited for
writing only two books found in the new testament, and being an attendee of the Last Supper, he
still fulfilled the augury found in Matthew, "Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, That this
night, before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice." (Matthew 26:34) After Peter did this, he
proved Jesus to be correct. When Peter did this he verified Jesus's insight and is another example of
the truth of the Bible. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His full time occupation was to find and persecute Christians. In the new testament book of Acts
says, "As for Saul, he made havoc of the church, entering into every house, and haling men and
women committed them to prison." (Acts 8:3 KJV) He was later miraculously converted to
Christianity deeper into the book of Acts, "Then Saul, filled with the Holy Ghost set eyes on him."
(Acts 13:9 KJV) After converting he became a leading missionary of early Christianity. He wrote
thirteen books of what is now known as the new testament. Many churches in Asia and Greece were
founded by Paul, he even kept correspondence with them throughout his life. In conclusion, Paul
was exceptionally influential on helping build

East-West Schism Research Paper
The Great Schism of 1054, also called the East–West Schism, divided the church into the Eastern
Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. The split did not just occur randomly; it was a
series of long tensions that had been brewing for years. When the tensions reached the climax in
1054, Pope Leo IX sent delegates to the ecumenical patriarch, Michael Cerulias, and
excommunicated him and his associates. In return, Michael excommunicated the Pope and his
delegates too. The split was done and there would be no coming back. The Schism of 1054 resulted
from an amalgam of issues and conflicts between the Catholic and East Orthodox Church for six
centuries; the result was a wide split between the two churches.
Two preliminary schisms set the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These causes in a general scope included political debates, theological arguments, social problems,
and economic issues. The first cause was political. It occurred when the Muslims began invading the
Mediterranean world. Many people began to convert to the Islamic religion. This scared the
Catholics and the Eastern Orthodox churches. Thus, began a fight, between the two, to gain as many
followers as possible to enlarge their following. This caused great conflict between the members of
both churches. Each church gained their own spheres of influence. Catholicism taking up much of
Western Europe and the western and northern areas of the Mediterranean. The Eastern Church took
up Asia Minor, the Middle East, and Northern Africa. This caused a further divide and made the
people completely split apart into almost two huge countries. In 800, The Catholic Church crowned
Charlemagne as king of the "Holy Roman Empire". This split the country into the West, which
constituted of the Catholic Church and its followers, and the East, which constituted of the Eastern
Orthodox Church and its members. The Eastern Church refused this title and challenged saying the
Catholic Church saying that they could not take a vast area of land and suddenly name it an empire.
The Catholics refused to change their position and this infuriated the Eastern Orthodox Church and
caused the relations between the two to

The Schism Between The East And The West
The Great Schism There were many issues that created the Great Schism between the East and the
West, both before 1054 CE and after. However, it would appear from the documentation that the
East had more issues with how the West conducted religion and ran their church. The issues that
occurred with how the West conducted religion and ran their church happened prior to 1054 CE.
Furthermore, the ambassadors from the Pope excommunicated the Patriarch of Constantinople
around 1054 CE. The following day, the Patriarch excommunicated the Pope. Then the official
Schism between the Latin Roman Catholic church and the Orthodox Catholic church began. 1054
CE is considered the official date of the start of the schism, but there were tensions before ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the Traditions of the Latin Catholics and Eastern Orthodox, the Latin (Roman) Catholics and
Eastern Orthodox are compared by geographic areas, secular authority, chief religious authority, role
of the general church council, typical style of government, married priests, and divorce. Latin
Catholics were located in Western and Northern Europe, parts of Central also Southern Europe and
the secular authority is that the church is separate from the secular political authority. The chief
religious authority is the Pope as head of the church, and the general church council was ran as a
Council to advise the popes. The typical style of government was a "Monarchy", and priests were
not allowed to marry. Divorce was forbidden and never considered. (Document 4). However, the
issues the Roman Catholics had after 1054 CE were well written by Robert de Clari, a French knight
who participated in the attack on Constantinople, in his own chronicles recounting the Crusade in
1204 CE. (Document 1) In addition, there is the letter to Henry, who was a German Holy Roman
Emporer from Robert Guiscard the King of Sicily in 1076 CE (Document 9). Robert de Clari stated
that "all the Crusaders and Venetians should go and hear the Sermon on Sunday morning." The
bishops preached to them about how the Greeks were bad and the war was righteous and the
Bishops said that they would forgive them. The Bishops then made the Pilgrims confess their sins
and receive communion.

How Did Christianity Change Over Time
Throughout time, Christianity has changed constantly. In order to survive, Christianity has had to
evolve and split. It has split into many denominations, some of which have become extinct over the
centuries. The religion has changed and divided due to influential people and events in time.
For example, the Great Schism is the first major division within Christianity. The Great Schism,
otherwise known as the East–West Schism, is when the early Christian Church split into the Western
Roman Catholic Church (led by Pope Leo IX) and Eastern Orthodox Church (led by the patriarch of
Constantinople, Michael Cerularius). This occurred in 1054 but previously there had been a lot of
tension between the two sides. The Great Schism occurred because of

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