Why Is The Battle Of Dresden Justified

Why Is The Battle Of Dresden Justified
Section A: Plan of Investigation Between February 13, 1945 and February 15, 1945, the German
city of Dresden was decimated by Allied bombers. The bombing run, carried out by the RAF and
USAAF, raised ethical and moral debates because the city was neither a industrial nor a political
center contributing to the Nazi war effort. To determine the underlying motives behind the Allied
attack and the extent to which the attack was justified, the investigation will analyze Nazi
propaganda, myths, and common stories in response to the attack, events in the winter of 1945
leading up to the attack, and the impact on German war efforts. Word Count: 119 Section B:
Summary of Evidence Dresden Was a cultural center and was one of ... Show more content on
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Evidence suggests that Nazi propaganda in the immediate aftermath heightened reactions by
releasing false information, such as exaggerating the death toll. As a result, the false information
remains to this day, fueling ethical debates. In analyzing the bombing, many factors are often
unconsidered, such as the German Ardennes offensive, which raised tensions and pressure to end
World War II as fast as possible. Evidence suggests the bombing is justified, as Dresden contained
major transportation and industrial hubs contributing to the Nazi war effort. Also, pressure and
uncertainty of further German aggression similar to the Ardennes offensive caused severe anxiety of
possibly losing the war. It can be claimed that the bombing was justified, as Goebbels labels the act
as "".. a splendid propaganda
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Air Force In Vietnam War
way the air force can mobilize, implement, and attack enemy forces in short time as well in full
spectrum of the theater of operations. This is huge distinctive compares with other armed services in
using of airpower and destroys the enemy country or alliance. As we know, the war is a continue of
politics by other means which means that the political leadership is involved in war objectives.
Especially in the air force warfare, political objectives must be clear before starting to employ the
aerial offensive. The political leadership should be very careful in using them, and getting a positive
result in ends. The human minds are obsessed with the offensive operation, and in this way air force
is the best choice to respond their ambition. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The warfare experience has shown, if the political objectives have been vague the outcome has been
unpredicted, and the effects of these actions has been the disaster. The case of America's war
objectives in Vietnam 1965 with the bombing campaign "Rolling Thunder" undertaken under
President Johnson. Even though overall American strategy in Vietnam was defensive, in
contradiction, the air force objectives were very offensive, and President retained close control on
approving the air force targeting objects.
In addition, the air force must attack by all resources to provide the command of the air. A nation is
in command of the air where it is able to protect its territory from the enemy air force, and to make
enemy powerless to attack you. Without the superiority in the air is difficult to defeat the enemy in
the land. Keeping the supremacy in the air, will give the military leaders free hands to accomplish
their goals in the other kinds of warfare elements and degrade effectivities of

Explain Why The Royal Air Force Saved Britain
The Royal Air Force saved Britain from the Nazi regime. In the beginning of the summer of 1940,
war broke out over the United Kingdom between the German Luftwaffe and the British Royal Air
Force. The fighting started because of the fall of France to the Nazi's. The Nazi's looked to Britain as
their next territory they wanted to occupy. Germany had a plan that they were beginning to draw up.
Operation Sea Lion called for an assault on Britain by gaining air control over Britain. On the
British side, they had a powerful air defense system. Within the air defense system there were the
fighter pilots. The leader of the Luftwaffe was Herman Goring and the leader of The Royal Air
Force fighter pilots was Air Marshal Hugh Dowding. He is considered ... Show more content on
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As retaliation to the bombing of London, he ordered his Royal Air Force to bomb Berlin the next
night. The leader of the Luftwaffe, Herman Goring, said, "you can call me Meyer" (Wyatt Info–
Poland). This was a joking remark towards Churchill. This statement was saying that Churchill
would not carry out his attack on Berlin. Goring was wrong and carried out his plan. That night
eighty–one British Hampden bombers appeared over Berlin and delivered a blow that would halt
Hitler's Nazi Third Reich. After the bombing, Goring stated that a bombing of Berlin would not
happen again. To his surprise another bombing happened. Hitler was outraged and stated in a radio
addresses to his people "if the British bomb our cities, we will bury theirs". He ordered Goring to
start a brutal air raid on London. The bombing hurt Britain, but gave much needed rest to The Royal
Air Force. The British could build back their bases and factories. With The Royal Air Force forces
back with increased numbers, they gave the Luftwaffe a beating and diminished their forces. With
the numbers of the Luftwaffe dwindling they could not keep up fighting The Royal Air Force. This
led to a point where all day bombings, and Operation Sea Lion had to be halted. The British had
won the battle. Due to these actions, a turning point in the war took place. The successful defense of
Britain was a turning point in WWII. If the Germans

Evaluating Aerial Bombing During The First World War
Aerial bombing in warfare is a recent addition to the technology used to wage war. Aircraft as a tool
of warfare less than a hundred and ten years old but the methodology is much older in the context of
waging war. Grosscup (2006), states war has always been and will always be contentious, and so to
evaluate aerial bombing ethics discourse must be centered on a particular context. Aerial bombing
was first used during the First World War; it brought a new dimension in war that had never been
seen before. Civilians, cities and industries were exposed to the horrors of war (Grosscup, 2006).
Before the battlefield was far away from civilians' cities and industries but the introduction of planes
as a weapon platform changed all this and all of a

Hitler 's Fall And Defeat Of The World War II
The Second World War is absolutely understood as one of the most impactful events within the last
century. From the horrendous murderous acts of the Holocaust to the unveiling of the atomic bomb
on Hiroshima, the war was anything but boring. Every stage of the war proved to be more
significant than the previous, and the ultimate end of World War II is what historians tend to focus
on even more than all other stages of the war. The fall and defeat of the German Nazi leader, Adolf
Hitler, is still under investigation and analysis from almost all academia historians. Hitler's fall and
Germany's defeat is what is most impactful about the ending of World War II and the reasoning
behind its happening. Although the defeat of Germany in World War II can be attributed towards a
myriad of reasons, two of the most significant reasons were Hitler's stubbornness to seize oil to
power his army, and the strategic bombing of Germany and German occupied lands by the Allied
Forces. Both of these systems can be directly related towards the defeat of Hitler and the victory of
the Allied Forces in World War II. Prior to his invasion and betrayal of the USSR, Adolf Hitler relied
heavily on Josef Stalin and his oil resources. Specifically in the Azerbaijan city of Baku, oil was a
commodity that was worshiped by its townspeople, and was drilled, packaged and sent to the
German and Russian forces. Baku was so rich in oil that it would extract almost 25 million tons of
oil for the first year of the

Was World War Ii a Legitimate War? in the Context of Just...
Was World War II a legitimate war? in the context of just war theory. 'In war some sorts of restraint,
both on what we can legitimately fight for (jus ad bellum) and on how we may legitimately fight
(jus in bello), are morally required'.1 However, recent theorists also add the responsibility and
accountability of warring parties after the war (jus post bellum) to the main two categories of just
war theory. From Christian perspective the function of the JWT was simply an excuse of making
war morally and religiously possible writes Michael Walzer. He also agrees with its defendants, that
it made war possible in a world where war was, sometimes, necessary. JWT is therefore to be used
as a sort of moral rule–book from which legitimate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The case of Walzer's subject of Churchill's description of Britain's predicament in 1939 as a
'supreme emergency' which to Walzer also contains an argument. As Allies thought Nazi's victory in
years 1940–1 was ever so close, Britain changed their policy about bombing. British leaders issued
bomber crews in early 1940 to bomb German city centres and residential areas (of no military bases,
shipyards, factories etc.). The intent was to destroy German civilians' morale instead of military.
Clearly, as he says, the intention was wrongful, the bombing criminal, the victims were innocent
people; if soldiers or munitions workers were hit, it was just accident, a morally defensible side
effect of an immoral policy. But if there was no other way of preventing German victory, then the
immorality of killing innocents was also, morally defensible. This is in Walzer's words 'the
provocation and the paradox'. However he claims these acts are defensible only for these years,
further bombings which took place, according to him, cannot.7 Many, especially in churches, had
severe doubts about this policy, particularly the legitimacy of this bombing campaign against
German cities. Led by Anglican Bishop George Bell of Chichester, the opponents against bombing
campaigns lodged and based

The Bombing Of Dresden Analysis
IA Outline A) Plan of Investigation To what extent was the bombing of Dresden justified and what
are the resulting consequences? To effectively and objectively analyze the justification of the
bombing of Dresden, propaganda must be analyze to depict beneficial facts about underlying
motives that often goes unnoticed and events prior to the bombing must be considered to analyze the
rationales behind the attack. B) Summary of Evidence The bombing of Dresden from February 13 to
February 15, 1945 remains one of the most controversial bombings in World War II. Located in
eastern Germany, Dresden was targeted by Allied bombers during the final months World War II in
the European theatre. The justification of the bombing remains controversial because the city was
neither a political center nor an industrial center contributing to the Nazi war effort. Following the
decimation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The Bombing of Dresden." The History Learning Site. Moocow. 19 May 2015. Web. 29 March
2015. Trueman offers a concise overview of the rationales behind the bombing of Dresden. In his
article, he cites Air Marshall Arthur Harris, head of the Bomber Command that ordered the bombing
of Dresden, to provide reasons to why the bombing was carried out. Listing several theories behind
the horrific bombing, Trueman looks at all viewpoints, from the Allies on the West to the Soviets on
the Eastern front. Trueman also supplements these theories with various first person accounts of
survivors of the bombing to provide a vivid imagery of the event. The article looks at all sides of the
controversial bombing from a reliable source. It provides an in depth analysis of the rationales by
citing memos, Arthur Harris, and various first person accounts of the bombing of Dresden. D)
Analysis The justification of the bombing of Dresden is a hotly debated topic today among
historians. In a document dated on February 4, 1945, the British RAF revealed a bombing priority
list, in specific

Essay On Truman's Controversial Decision
On August 6th, 1945, a US B–29 bomber took off from an air base, carrying a package that would
forever change the nature of war and be a subject of debate throughout the rest of the century. At
approximately 9:15am, a large, mushroom–shaped cloud rose over Hiroshima, Japan. The first
atomic bomb had been used in combat. The surrender of Japan a week later marked the end of a
long struggle for freedom, democracy, and peace. At the same time, it marked a change in the nature
of war. American President Harry Truman's controversial decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan
ended the Second World War and began the nuclear age. Since the end of the war, Truman's decision
has been a subject of debate, largely due to the high civilian death toll that resulted from the
bombings. However, the context of the time period and the need to end the Second World War made
the use of the nuclear weapons a necessary action to force the surrender of Japan. Truman's decision
to use the atomic bomb against Japan was justified by the historical context of the Second World
War and Japan's refusal to surrender unconditionally. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
were justified in the historical context of the Second World War. During this time period, the world
abandoned morality in a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prior to the atomic bombs, Emperor Hirohito wanted an end to the war, but was unable to overcome
the obsessive military leaders within the Japanese government who strongly desired victory, even if
it meant, "sacrificing 20 million Japanese lives." The nuclear attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
reinforced the arguments for surrender of the peace faction in the Japanese government. The
destructiveness of the atomic bombs allowed the Japanese to surrender by strengthening the
Japanese peace faction, which was finally able to overrule the Japanese military

Battle Of Britain Research Paper
The Battle Of Britain
What Happened To The Battle Of Britain? Approximately about twenty–one years ago one of the
most important battles of history was fought in the skies over Britain. The Battle of Britain was the
first one to be fought entirely by air forces. It was also the most largest and most biggest sustained
aerial bombing campaign to that date. The Battle of Britain is one of the most commonly given to
the effort by to get more air superiority over the Royal Air Force, before any planned sea and
airborne invasion during all the them fights that happened in the World War 2.
Who started all of this? Contrails left by the British and German aircraft after one of the dogfight

Superpowers in WOrld War II
In World War, two great superpowers in Europe, Germany and Britain clashed through aerial
warfare. Hitler planned to lead the invasion of Britain with the Luftwaffe through intensive attacks
against the Royal Air Force in England. Britain was the only nation left standing against the
Germans after France was forced to sign an armistice on June 22, 1940; Hitler knew that air power
was the only way to reach the isolated island nation. The Battle of Britain lasted from mid–June,
when Hitler launched Operation Sea Lion, codenamed as such for the invasion of England, to mid–
September of 1940, when Operation Sea Lion was postponed indefinitely. The Second World War
went from September 1st, 1939 to September 2nd, 1945. The German Luftwaffe had a substantial
impact on the military, economic and social systems of Britain throughout the Second World War.
Britain's air force was a vital part of their military and defence when Hitler attempted to gain air
superiority over England through the German Luftwaffe which was led by Hermann Göering. The
radar system used to detect aerial attack in Britain was flawed in the beginning of the war and there
was a shortage of anti–air craft guns. Radar could not predict the size and height of incoming enemy
bombers and lacked detail that was necessary and vital for effective defence preparations. At the
start of the Blitz, there were only 92 anti–air craft guns to defend London and the guns were
outdated with a terrible fire control system.

March 22 School Bombing Essay
The U.S military aircraft bombed a school where in many students are currently in their classrooms.
The aircraft also bombed a crowded marketplace that attacks killed dozens of civilians in Syria this
March. The Investigators who visited the sites and interviewed locals and survivors found that the
strikes had caused huge numbers of civilian deaths. The documentation adds to a drumbeat of
criticism about a U.S. air campaign in Syria that has already been accused of inflicting massive
civilian casualties in support of ground operations against Islamic State by the U.S.– backed Syrian
Democratic Forces. Suddenly the the civilians who had died in the bombings, is at least 84 civilians
including 30 children and it's ashamed that those children ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The answer of the questions from Human Rights Watch, the U.S. military stated that it had
"determined prior to the Mansourah attack" – on the school – "that there was no civilian activity at
the site," but it was still assessing the Tabqa City incident. The case of the March 22 marketplace
bombing was particularly mystifying to Human Rights Watch investigators.The lines of people
should have been clearly visible to coalition forces conducting aerial surveillance before the attack
was carried out. As deadly these incidents were, the ones in March represent just two of the
thousands of airstrikes that have been carried out because of the U.S.– led coalition since the war
against ISIS got. A spate of deadly bombings in recent months by the U.S. against marketplaces,
schools, and mosques in Syria. The Syrian military is standing strong even if some of them is being
killed by coalition airstrikes, as well as ground battles between the Syrian Democratic Forces and
the Islamic State. In the other hand the Syrian people is also standing strong to face the trial that
their country is

On August 17th, 1917, General Jan Christian Smuts, of the...
On August 17th, 1917, General Jan Christian Smuts, of the Royal Flying Corps, explained the
importance of airplanes that they would not just play a role as an auxiliary force within the military,
but would create a new form of warfare in the skies:
"There is absolutely no limit to the scale of its future independent war use. And the day may not be
far off when aerial operations with their devastation of enemy lands and destruction of industries
and populous centres on a vast scale may become one of the principal operations of war, to which
the older forms of military and naval operations may become secondary and subordinate."
It was upon this recommendation in a report written to the Air Ministry and the Air Staff to combine
the two ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By 1911, the old Balloon Section was separated into two Companies by the War Office, No 1
(Airship) and No 2 (Aeroplane), which caused the direct militarization of Britain's first "air force,"
and eventually became the Royal Flying Corps on March 13th, 1912. General David Henderson,
"Father of the RAF" and the man who led its formation of the RAF, changed the way that aviation
was viewed from a military perspective, by expanding the roles of aircraft to fighter interception,
reconnaissance, and tactical support. Even with these changes, the general thought of utilizing
airplanes in an aggressive manner was not rationalized alongside the current state of aviation
technology.
The airplanes function as a scout was utilized expertly during World War I as trench warfare made it
extremely difficult to obtain information on foot or horseback. This aerial reconnaissance played a
major role to battlefield commanders and artillery teams, where "on the ground" information was
used to plan troop movement strategies or to adjust artillery fire. These advantages eventually led to
the realization that denying your enemy that same information was just as crucial as obtaining it,
which led to the first of many aerial battles. The first main function of these "fighter" aircrafts were
to shoot down enemy reconnaissance planes, but it was not until a Dutch inventor, Anthony Fokker,
created a synchronization gear that allowed a machine gun to fire in–between the rotating

The Outline Of The Second World War
– World War 2 and its aftermath mark a clear period in the extension of US empire
– as deeply significant to everyday national experience in the war or in the US domestic sphere
during this period – a source of wealth perhaps, but not part of the lived US fabric.
– US war's labour force and the way it organised and occupied territory
– World War 2 story highlights the moments when these material system
– extensive military
– the emergence of America as a new world power.
– the role of Americans
– members of the military hierarchy had to work to "conventionalize" the atomic bomb as well. At
its inception, the atomic bomb was billed as unique.
– President Franklin Roosevelt undertook the decision to build the atomic bomb in a manner much
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
– military narrative
– Truman called for legislation for domestic control of the atom on 3 October.
– No single individual was responsible for endowing nuclear weapons
– I didn't know whether or not there was ever going to be a second atomic bomb."16 This, of course,
is preposterous: it ignores the advance of the second bombing from five days to three days after the
initial strike;
– it belies the content of the Handy order; and it trivializes
– Reasonable equivocations
– even among those who had expressed skepticism about the power of nuclear weapons before their
use, and they became almost impossible to find as the year wore on.
– The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki will forever live in the pages of history as two
of the most significant turning points in modern history, initiating the world into the nuclear age.
– n, which Hiroshima cultists largely blame for Truman's "strategy of showdown" and atomic
diplomacy, w
– emphasized strategic bombing of military targets as the most efficient road to victory.
– the conviction that the atomic bomb would save the lives of numerous American soldiers by
obviating a costly invasion of Japan which would otherwise be required to secure surrender;
– Death totals at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, long

The Rise Of Zeppelins
Zeppelins had a prominent use in World War I by the German army and navy. They used zeppelins
for reconnaissance and later on used for bombing British cities. They posed a huge threat to Britain
as they struggled with the onslaught of aerial attacks in 1915; But the British quickly developed
anti–airship technology. "British defenses learnt to pick up their radio messages, so had warning of
their approach, and a central communications headquarters was set up. It was realized that Zeppelins
were extremely vulnerable to explosive shells, which set light to the hydrogen" and by 1917
zeppelin raids had been called off; zeppelins had their vulnerability to explosive shells, and
relatively slow speed, but the zeppelins led to the rapid development

Germany Vs Usaaf Case Study
During the Second World War, the U.S. Army Air Force (USAAF) and Royal Air Force (RAF)
adopted two different strategic attack missions against Germany. While USAAF preferred daylight
"precision targeting" attacks, RAF preferred night "area bombing" missions. Although both sides
shared same goals, their interpretation about strategic effects of airpower was different. For better
understanding these differences, this paper first will analyze strategic applications of USAAF and
RAF, and then will clarify why USAAF's approach was more effective way of utilizing airpower as
an instrument of national policy.
Airpower is the most powerful weapon in terms of destruction in modern warfare. Although
airpower is a very powerful weapon, it has been always ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These strategists' thought shaped British aerial warfare policy. For example, Douhet says, "bombing
objectives should always be large; small targets are unimportant and do not merit our attention
here." Also, Douhet model addresses aerial punishment to inflict considerable pain on enemy
civilians to shatter their morale. RAF put his model into practice during WWII. In that case, British
focused on morale of German workers. The British bombing campaign was chiefly waged by night
by large numbers of heavy bombers. British knew that to influence into deep Germany territory was
tough and daylight precision bombing had also much more difficulties. In addition, Royal Air
Force's accuracy in bombing was very low during the interwar period. For instance, in March 1932,
only half of the Royal Air Force bombs hit the right target. In that respect, British continued in night
attacks and the majority of the attacks on cities. British thought was that general area offensive
would affect considerably war effort. But, there was not agreement in royal air force about targeting
priority. British officials criticized due to negative moral effects, and political risks. While British air
staff emphasized loyalty and mutual respect, chief of bomber point out if the Germans were asked
today oil plant or cities they would reply bomb anything you fancy expect cities. British air staff
concerned

War's Effect On American Children In America
Children were largely effected by the war and they were to grow up fast to cope with their
surroundings. Even though the war was not fought on American soil, American children were still
affected as their fathers and brothers left to go fight, and as their mothers were off to go to work in a
factory. The children were left with new responsibilities that many had never experienced before the
war. Many were to care for their siblings and take on more household chores. Children in America
were very a lot fortunate than other children across the Atlantic. In Britain, children had to grow up
fast and become an adult. As technology advancements grew more dangerous Britain worried that
there mainland would be at threat for aerial bombings due to this

Strategic Bombing During World War 2
"World War 2 was a war fought in two distinct phases. The first was the last war of a new
generation. The second was emphatically the first of a new era" . "The British strategic
bomber campaign was of doubtful cost effectiveness" . Bomber Command was by far the largest
claimant on labour and factory space within the armed forces. Relative to their size they suffered
more casualties than any other sector. The Anglo–American bomber force was divided in
terms of strategy. Bomber Command believed it was too risky to bomb by day, while the Americans
believed it was too difficult to bomb by night. Initially both forces lacked accurate navigational
equipment, which deterred them from precision bombing. Germany developed a ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The morale of the German people was not affected enough to effect their war–waging capacity.
"Neither a maintenance of productivity nor a rebuilding of industry could have been achieved by
means of compulsive but only by virtue of the voluntary response of German workers" . It
was assumed that bombing raids would be made in the daylight. In August 1940 German bombers
suffered heavily in daylight even though they were escorted. This helped to confirm to Bomber
Command that night bombing was the best policy. Bomber Command flew night missions over
Germany during the winter of 1940–1941 in the belief their bombs had fallen within about 300
yards of their targets. This figure was plainly wrong, a new assumption was made. The R.A.F
decided the average error was closer to 1000 yards, which meant that Bomber Command could not
be expected to hit targets as small as oil facilities, until they had been equipped with vastly
improved navigational aids. The U.S.A.A.F opposed Bomber Commands view, they believed
accurate bombing could only be achieved during the day. They assumed unescorted bombers flying
in well–designed formations could penetrate the German lines. On 14th October 1943, 60 out 291
flying fortresses were shot down by German fighters during the last major raid on Schweinfurt. The
formation had been obliged to fly 400 miles without fighter cover. The Americans suspended
daylight

Firestorm Of Dresden : The Bombing Of The World War II
Firestorm of Dresden Introduction: Dresden The bombing of Dresden from February 13 to February
15, 1945 remains one of the most controversial bombings in World War II. Located in eastern
Germany, Dresden was targeted by Allied bombers during the final months World War II in the
European theatre. Rationales behind the bombing remains controversial due to conflicting Allied
and German viewpoints. The Allies contended that the bombing was to target industrial centers,
communication hubs, and to aid Soviet troops advancing from the West. On the other hand,
Germans asserted that Dresden had no major industrial hubs, and the attacked on an undefended city
was a war crime. Prior to the bombing, Dresden was a cultural center and was one of the world 's
most beautiful cities termed "the Florence on the Elbe" for its unique architecture and arts. Some
historians often label the bombing as immoral because prior to the city 's destruction, Dresden was
relatively untouched by Allied troops or aerial bombing runs. However, many justified the bombing
as a way to decrease German morals by killing innocent and defenseless civilians. Following the
decimation of "the Florence on the Elbe", stories and propaganda emerged containing a series of
myths which have led to the bombing being perpetually stigmatized and subject to intense moral and
ethical debates that last to our present day. The Dresden bombing has all too often been unfairly
stereotyped as being an overly–deliberate,

Military Drones Research
One of the strongest attributes of the UAV weapon systems is their precision and accuracy on a
target. UAV's have the ability to scan, track and monitor a target for hours before ever engages a
potential enemy. During that time, the decision to engage is not left on the operator alone. The
unique nature of this technology is that more than one person has a vote in pulling the trigger. Due
to these unique capabilities, drones, according to many reports, inflict relatively low civilian
casualty rates. (Williams, 2013) Critics use the subject of civilian casualties as an argument both for
and against the use of drones. From a purely statistical analysis and perspective, the use of drones
might be the safest and most precise way to strike ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During World War II, civilians were impacted by aerial bombardments on major cities, in both
Europe and Asia. The difference is a large aerial bombardment does not feel as personal and direct
as a drone strike. So victims of a drone strike actually have an issue to complain about but,
unfortunately, there is no one on the ground to assist family members who are grieving their loss.
The civilian casualty issue has less to do with the raw data, that actually demonstrates drones are
much safer than carpet bombing a city or industrial complex.
The issue is public perception. Counterterrorism analysts and politicians have reviewed data and
conducted public opinion polls of those affected by the drone strikes and found that overwhelmingly
those polled view the use of drones negatively (Bergen, P., 2011). In a 2009 Gallup Poll, only nine
percent of Pakistani's approved of the use of drone strikes. Analysts believe that this will lead to
more of the public taking sides with the terrorist or at least becoming sympathetic to the cause of
groups like Al

The United States Justified By Using The Atomic Bomb...
The pressing question still lingers: Was the United States justified in using the Atomic Bomb against
Japan during WWII? World War II stands as the bloodiest and deadliest war of all time. It involved
more than thirty countries and resulted in over fifty million civilian and military deaths. It lasted six
years, beginning with Adolf Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939. As the Allied Powers (mainly the
United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union) and the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) were
in direct conflict with each other, many wonder if the cost of victory was too extreme. In late 1941,
the process of creating the world's first, most deadly weapon began. The production of the first
atomic bomb was code named "the Manhattan Project." After months of production, August 6, 1945,
America dropped the "Little Boy" bomb on Hiroshima, wiping out ninety percent of the city. August
9, 1945, just three days after the devastation of the first bomb, America dropped the "Fat Man"
bomb on Nagasaki. Dropping the atomic bomb on Japan was not necessary, nor justified in ending
World War II. Due to the fact that America targeted heavily civilian populated cities (with limited
military value), that Japan was in a position of surrender before the bomb was dropped, and the fact
that the U.S. did not give enough time for Japan to process the devastation of the first bomb before
the second in Nagasaki shows that America's decision to drop the atomic bomb was entirely
unjustified.

Strategic Bombing During World War II
World War II began September 1, 1939, the day after Germany invaded neutral Poland. Great
Britain and France declared war on Germany the two days after the invasion. Throughout the war
the bombing of major cities was practiced by both the allies and axis powers. The British and
Americans came up with a more accurate and effective bombing tactics. This tactic is called
"strategic bombing". Strategic bombing was sustained aerial attack on railways, harbours, cities,
workers' housing, and industrial districts in enemy territory The United States and Britain had
justified reasons for the aerial bombings of German and Japanese cities as they were trying to
protect their people from a ruthless dictator. Before the British began bombing the Germans ... Show
These bombing had no purpose except to terrorize Japan into surrendering. The bombings took place
towards the ending months of WWII and had killed about 100,000 people and wiped out about half
the city. "The US military had waited for a clear and windy night to inflict maximum damage, and
on March 9, 1945 the conditions were perfect. Three hundred B29 bombers dropped nearly 500,000
cylinders of napalm and petroleum jelly on the most densely populated areas of Tokyo" (Carney).
This raid also known as Operation Meetinghouse is considered the most destructive bombing ever.
If the Allies had lost the war they would have had severe repercussions and would have been
charged with war

Geographic Information Systems (Gis)
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)
AND TERRORIST ATTACKS OF OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING AND THE WORLD TRADE
CENTER
Submitted To
Mark Stallo
School of Graduate Studies
Of Tiffin University
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the graduate course
Geographic Information Systems
ENF 622
In the School of Criminal Justice
Summer Quarter 2006
by
Oscar Young
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
And Terrorist Attacks Of Oklahoma City Bombing And The World Trade Center
History of GIS
GIS is a way of organizing large amounts of geographic information. It is not a tool, a software, a
hardware or a specific image; it is a concept––a way of understanding maps
(http://cnx.org/content/m13693/latest). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The attack, which occurred on April 19, 1995, destroyed the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, a
U.S. office complex in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. This attack is considered to be the
deadliest "domestic terrorist" attack in the history of the United States, and, until September 11,
2001, the deadliest attack of terrorism within U.S. borders, but not the worst against the U.S. (the
worst act of terrorism against the U.S. before the Oklahoma City bombing was Pam Am Flight 103)
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Oklahoma_City_bombing).

By being the first major American city to suffer a mass–casualty terrorist attack, Oklahoma City's
response to the bombing was carefully scrutinized by security experts and law enforcement in the
years following the bombing, and then again following the September 11, 2001 attacks
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Oklahoma_City_bombing).
The effect of the bombing on the city was immense––168 confirmed dead, including 19 children and
one rescue worker and over 800 people injured. The bombing destroyed or damaged more than 300
buildings in the surrounding area (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Oklahoma_City_bombing).
In the weeks following the bombing, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
response team at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was provided with GIS data collection and
analysis which included the generation of maps,

The Bombing Operations Carried Out by Allied Forces...
The bombing operations carried out by allied forces against Germany during the Second World War
is an important part of the war. The bombings had a dramatic impact on Germany at this time and
shaped how the Second World War was fought ultimately future warfare. During the Second World
War aerial warfare was still a new concept that had been introduced during the First World War.
Bombing was an even newer tactic, that offered the advantage of hastening the defeat of ones own
opponent without prolonged conflict and carnage on land, like trench warfare on the western front in
the WW1. The use of bombing during the Second World War also forever changed warfare, as the
results of the bombing campaign and the effectiveness of bombing were ... Show more content on
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Harris was responsible for the change of tactics that the British used, shifting from 'precision'
bombing of key economic targets to 'area' bombing which relied on the sheer destruction that
bombing could cause and targeting cities and towns instead of key economic industries. On the Axis
side and important when looking at strategic bombing in Europe is Nazi dictator Adolph Hitler
whom rose to power during the 1930s and transformed the democratic Weimar Republic into the
Single party state that is the Third Reich. During the Second World War Hitler appointed himself as
Commander–in–chief of the German army making him directly in charge of Germany's armed
forces.
During the Second World War many interesting pieces of equipment and new technology came into
use by both Allied and Axis forces. After the end of precision night bombing by the RAF and the
subsequent switch to area bombing a new and interesting piece of technology known as Gee came
into use. Gee was a navigational aid that utilized radio signals from Britain in order to determine
both the aircraft's position and the location of the intended target. Gee's intended use was to improve
the accuracy of British bombers during night raids. Although Gee did work, it had a limited range
and the signals would not reach past the Rhine River. Still Gee was a success for about 6 months
until the Germans implemented countermeasures to jam the signals. Another interesting piece of
technology

The Battle Of The World War II
The first time aircrafts are seen playing major roles in World War II Germany and Japan had begun
to attack the nation. Germany and Japan began their initial attacks strong with air strikes, first
attacking Holland, Denver, France, and England. When the British retaliated, they had cutting–edge
fighters guided by radar. The Battle for Britain was one of the first battles fought solely in the air,
keeping Germany from taking control of Britain's airways. Japan also began its attack on the U.S via
air strike during in the Japanese surprise bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Soon the use of military
aircrafts began to technologically advance due to their importance. Aircrafts took part in World War
I, but had minor affect in the outcome. However, during World War II they were plausibly the
greatest weaponry system available. The airplane specifically became a vital machine that vastly
affected the way many battles were lost and won. Another vital war machine is the aircraft carrier,
essential to the United States after the majority of its battleships were destroyed at Pearl Harbor.
Airplanes played a major role in the outcome of the war. From reconnaissance, fighters, to bombing
missions without the help of airplanes the achievements, and advancements of the aircrafts and
military missions would have inhibited us from constructing the modern technologies that are used
today.
Undoubtedly, air reconnaissance played a role during the First World War. Pilot reporters enabled

Second World War: Japanese Warfare
The United States had to alter their submarine and bomber warfare methods to properly defend
themselves from the Japanese. Submarines and bombers were forced to adopt unrestricted warfare
methods which loosened moral and ethical war time views. The United States was dragged into the
Second World War by the Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor making them victims of the ruthless
warfare methods of the Japanese. The Japanese military had a relentless reputation for cruelty as
Sturma paraphrases President Roosevelts need to abandon past rules of warfare to successfully fight
Japanese savages. The Japanese committed horrible war atrocities that influenced a change in
American warfare methods causing them to reevaluate combat tactics and widen the scope

The Importance Of The Bombing Of Cologne
Bombings of Cologne and Dresden
The bombings that took place in the 1940's caused grave destruction for not only families but
significant amounts of Cologne and Dresden themselves. Each bombing had reasonings and that
resulted in drastic effects for Germany.
Before Cologne was bombed it had much significance in the eyes of the people that made a living in
the city and had lived there their whole life. Back in the Battle of Bulge the Germans were forced
out of France and in turn they used up all their reserves. Although the British and the Americans
were closing in on the Rhine River, the Germans were not about to let them take yet another piece of
land from them. This was how the city of Cologne came to be, Cologne stretched on ... Show more
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Too many it signified the alliance the Germans had with many others individual kingdoms and
countries. Another piece of significance the building provides is from its architecture, the
architecture of the Cathedral represents the unification of Germany. The background information
and the significance of the cathedral itself and what it meant to many did not stop the Allies from
dropping a great number of aerial bombs on and all around the cathedral trying to create terror and
destruction. May 30, 1942 was the last day the city of Cologne was going to see their home and their
city in its normal state before it fell in the hands of the British. At approximately twelve fifteen the
bombs started falling from overhead. The sirens and the alarms startled the home owners and the
families living in Cologne. The planes above were not only dropping bombs but utilizing machine
guns to ensure extra destruction. Not long after the attack started did many apartment buildings and
department stores become engulfed with flames. This was also when military targets became
irrelevant to the british bombers and they started to target not only the heart of the city but the main
parts of the city that

Battle Of Britain Essay
The Battle of Britain was a major campaign during World War II, in which aircraft played an
important role. The policy towards Germany's aggressive acts before the war had been one of
pacification. Unfortunately, this left the Western powers with a deficient military and unprepared for
war when it began. The Germans swept through Europe. They defeated Poland in September 1939
to start World War II. During the spring of 1940, Germany conquered Belgium, Denmark, Holland,
Norway, and France. Italy had joined the war as an ally of Germany, Russia had signed a treaty of
non–aggression, and the United States remained neutral. When France fell in June of 1940, Great
Britain was the only country left who still opposed Germany. Great Britain's opposition ... Show
The country of Great Britain had survived the greatest aerial attack in history. The brave pilots of the
Royal Air Force had faced death over and over again as they scrambled into their Hurricanes and
Spitfires. Pilots dressed in blue uniforms, flying their limited aircraft, had stood up to an unbeaten
Germany and guaranteed the future of England. Winston Churchill praised the bravery of the pilots
who fought proclaiming, "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so
few." The Battle of Britain had been won by the pilots and the aircraft they flew. The Battle of
Britain was the first time in history in which aircraft combat alone was the deciding factor of a
major

Harry S. Truman For Defeating Japan 's Barbaric Regime And...
When faced with the prospect of killing a few to save many, it may be difficult to discern whether
doing so would be moral or not. However, when Harry S. Truman was forced to decide whether or
not to drop the atomic bombs on Japan, the moral choice was clear: dropping the bombs was the
most viable option available that would end World War II, minimize casualties on both sides of the
war, and ensure American victory. Every other option available to Truman would have resulted in a
much greater loss for the people of both Japan and the United States. While dropping atomic bombs
on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was undeniably an atrocity, which resulted in over 300,000
casualties, this gruesome attack was the most ethical option available to Harry S. Truman for
defeating Japan's barbaric regime and ending the bloodiest war in human history. The successful air
raids conducted by the United States that have been described as an alternative to dropping atomic
bombs on Japan were not only far more destructive, they may not have ended the war at all. By
1945, most of Japan's major military and industrial bases had been destroyed: nearly all major cities
had also been wiped out. Japan had little left to defend; however, the military and state officials
refused to surrender. Unfortunately, a majority of Japanese manufacturing was conducted in small
workshops and private homes, which led to targeted attacks that wiped out mostly civilian
populations. The American Airforce

Technology And Its Impact On The World War I
For thousands of years from all corners of the world, mankind has dreamed of these larger than life
frays fought between the most massive and powerful nations embodied the name given to them.
Advancements and a flourishing in technology is due to the innovation of the airplane to be utilized
on, or over the front lines of the the most devastating battles to ever scar the face of the earth. To
many, the skies in the dawn of World War I was a new frontier, and any type of aviation on its own
was relatively new to this era. In a short span of time an untrusted mode of transportation was
transformed into a war machine. who had the unique condition of being in the sky, had a great
impact on what occurred on the battlefield below. The aces in ... Show more content on
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During the first of the many days of World War I, the pilots were considered the "eyes of the army"
(Feltus 1). They were used mainly to scout enemy positions, and then report the whereabouts of the
enemy to the army. However, these aircrafts started out as slow and proved as easy targets for the
enemy and the advanced anti–aircraft weapons, and there was a massive loss of life as a result of
this (Wilkin 4). One monumental event that occurred during the Second World War, was when the
British Royal Air Force conducted a bombing of Berlin, and thus Germany had fallen back multiple
weeks in planning their highly effective and dangerous rocket programs (Bailey 133). The raid of
the German capital city was a decisive event in World War II, and allowed the Allies to get the edge
over the Axis powers. Although reconnaissance and bomber pilots were extremely important, fighter
pilots had a more cataclysmic effect on the war. As almost all pilots grew tired of using pistols to
shoot at enemy planes while having to fly, they wanted an easier and more effective way to both fly
and take down an opposing plane. Then, on one day in 1915, the Germans captured the plane of
French aviator Roland Garros, and since Garros had innovatively built a machine gun that fired in
between the spinning of his propellers, the German army sent the plane to the Fokker plane factory
and the design was copied. After the Germans got their hands on Garros'

US Heavy Bombers In World War II
Development of US Heavy Bombers in World War II A total war is defined by a war that is
unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, and one in which the
laws of war are disregarded (Total War). World War II was one such war. The 1940's called for a
time in which armies created and used weapons that had never been seen before. The use of flight in
war became a crucial tool in competing in the second world war. As the war developed, the United
States' Army Air Forces progressed and evolved their equipment, especially heavy bomber air
planes, to stay on top of international threats. The first ever flight was on December 17, 1903 by the
Wright Brother's Wright Flyer I (Wright Brothers). After years of development ... Show more
Boasting a larger and stronger air craft, the B–29 soon took over the bombardment force and was
prominent in the US Army Air force by 1942. The plane could carry more payload and fly faster
than the B–17's. It It was armed with 10 .50–caliber machine guns and one 20–millimeter cannon.
Fulfilling its main duty of heavy bombing, the four engined (2,200 horse power) air craft could hold
ten tons of bomb capacity. In the span of the war, 3,970 B–29 air crafts were built for war. The new
Superfortress was superior not only in power and size but also in its innovative technology. For the
first time ever, an aircraft provided gun power controlled by remote control (Wilkinson). While the
pilot and crew controlled the plane, some of the turrets could be fired from the control center. The
plane's wings, Fowler flaps, were larger to increase the aircrafts lift (Airplane). Soon after the state–
of–the–art plane surfaced in the United States Army Air Force, other countries such as the Soviet
Union built copies of the

World War II War Crimes
World War II War Crimes
The declaration of war against Germany made by Neville Chamberlain of Great Britain starting
World War II in 1939 may have started a gruesome and horrible time for civilians and soldiers. This
was was total war. Every civilian, every business, every service was involved. Although during the
conflicts of World War II a lot of the countries became involved, such as Germany, France, Japan,
and the United States which may have been caused some quarrel about how the fighting was taking
place, and many agreements were signed; some believe that Germany started it all by making the
bombings supposedly not a crime. On the other hand, the atrocious aerial bombings performed by
the Royal Air Force of Great Britain may overpower ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The definition of total total war is, "a war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the
territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war
are disregarded." This definition shows how although the actions committed by the Royal Air Force
of Great Britain may not have been good ideas, because it was total war, it was happening often
during this time period. As stated in document 15 by J.M. Spaight "Bombing Vindicated" in 1994,
"the people who make and transport war material are, to the opposing belligerent, active, dangerous
enemies." Spaight is stating how some may use the argument that most civilians are simply doing
their work in factories and farms and are not bothering with the war. His argument is that although
they may seem to be "just doing their work," in reality the work of making and transporting
weapons that could be use in the war against others means that these citizens are helping out
directly. This seems to cause a valid argument from some perspectives; that although the killing of
innocent civilians may seem unnecessary and cruel, if it were not for the bombing, then they would
still contribute to the war by making weapons which would be a danger towards the enemy side.
First and foremost, this perspective is a British one. Most likely this person did not see

Germany's Role In Ww2
In the aerial theater of World War II, the Third Reich and the Allies employed notably different
philosophies to long–term strategic warfare. While the tactical aircraft (fighters, interceptors,
attackers) of both factions were rather similar in role and efficacy, the Luftwaffe staggered behind
RAF, USAF, and Soviet Air Force in the development of long–range heavy bomber aircraft. This
was the result not of inferior technology or engineering, but rather shortsightedness from Hermann
Goring and the rest of Hitler's cabinet. Early in the war, Germany had experienced great success
with the Blitzkrieg combat strategy, which emphasized armored warfare, close–in air support, and
continual penetration into enemy territory. This military philosophy ... Show more content on
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The power–weight ratio provided by this unique design allowed their aircraft, the Horten 229 to
meet the standards of the jet bomber program despite the limitations of propulsion technology.
Furthermore, the aircraft was constructed not out of aluminum, but of wood, thus reducing weight
and improving maneuverability. In initial handling tests, the 229 easily outmaneuvered and
outperformed the Schwalbe, proving its capability as both a bomber and a dogfighter. With this in
mind, the Horten brothers prepared to develop a fighter model which carried twin high–caliber
30mm Mk103 cannons, giving the aircraft the capability to harass light tanks and armored vehicles,
in addition to dogfighting enemy interceptors and destroying heavy bombers. The strategic bomber
conversion of the aircraft would have carried 1000 kg of ordnance, in the form of two 500 kg
bombs. Although the payload of the aircraft may seem underwhelming compared to Allied bombers
(the B–17 and Pe–8 could carry up to 2,700 kg and 5,000 kg, respectively) the wooden construction
of the 229 would have drastically reduced production costs, allowing large quantities of aircraft to
make up for the deficiencies in the payload of individual

Pearl Harbor Unjust Analysis
Introduction The issue had significant importance at the time of its happening for the fact that it was
the largest sustained attack on cities with high civilian populations, because the end of the war was
charged very emotionally, and because the number of questionable morally right actions in the war
often times overshadowed such firebombings. The Holocaust took the center stage often, trying
countless war criminals, while the bombings considered to be possible war crimes by those involved
went without notice.
The reason this question is being examined is because of the implications of such destructive
actions, and the pattern of history repeating itself with such questionable acts. If we determine that
the fire bombings were justified then we can subsequently believe that other attacks with similar
consequences may have good, just, reasoning behind them. If we determine that the firebombers
were in fact unjustified then we can use that reasoning in attempt to look at similar situations in the
future and prevent any recurring events that we have deemed as unjust ... Show more content on
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Whether Japan attacked the US for imperialistic purposes, for racial tensions or for resources to
benefit the war, they were not defending themselves from attack and were not attempting to right
previous wrongs, making their aggression unjust. They also failed to see that nothing of the greater
good would come from these attacks and did not even declare war, solidifying the classification of
being unjust actions. The United States were forced to defend themselves from the attack, and
declared war as Japan had lost the right to not be attack in return, giving the United States full
justification. Now that it has been established that the United States were participating in the war
justly, the way Japan and the United States conducted themselves need justification, and how their
conduct impacted future events. (MacMillan;

Bombing Of Dresden Essay
To what extent was the bombing of Dresden justified and what are the resulting consequences?
Introduction: Dresden The bombing of Dresden from February 13 to February 15, 1945 remains one
of the most controversial bombings in World War II. Located in eastern Germany, Dresden was
targeted by Allied bombers during the final months World War II in the European theatre. The
justification of the bombing remains controversial because the city was neither a political center nor
an industrial center contributing to the Nazi war effort. The one word that describes Dresden before
its decimation was innocence. Prior to the bombing, Dresden was a cultural center and was one of
the world's most beautiful cities termed "the Florence on the Elbe" due ... Show more content on
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The Soviets urged Roosevelt and Churchill to bomb Dresden to eliminate railroad junctions and
factories surrounding Dresden, arguing the attack would disorient the German war machine to aid
the advancement of Soviet troops from the Eastern front. Prior to Dresden, the Soviets suffered
massive causalities and by the war's end, the total death toll approximated 20 million. All leaders
agreed during Yalta that bombing raids on transportation, communication, and manufacturing hubs
would bring the Nazi regime to a standstill. Despite the popular belief that Dresden did not house
any manufacturing hubs that contributed to the Nazi war effort, the Allies reported several factories
in Dresden. As Chen states, " However, Allied reports indicated the presence of the Zeiss–Ikon
optical factory and Siemans glass factory (which produced gun sights), and other factories building
radar, anti–aircraft shell fuses, gas masks, fighter engines, and various fighter parts." Dresden was
also a communication hub that connected telephone lines to the Eastern front. The Allied leaders
reasoned the strategic bombing against these hubs will severely disrupt the Germans and bring an
end to the

Airpower And The Allied Victory Essay
Airpower's contribution to the Allied victory did not represent the ultimate fulfillment of the
prophecies and predictions that were raised in the interwar period. Airpower theorists, on both sides
of the Atlantic, advocated predictions and prophecies for the future of warfare. They strongly
supported ideas and expectations that airpower and especially strategic bombardment was the best
answer in the quest for decisive victory. Airpower was the end and the means to destroy the enemy's
will to fight. However, the Trenchardian notion that decisive victory would come through the
cumulative moral effect of aerial bombing proved false because German citizens showed a
remarkable resilience to surrender. Moreover, the Allies' rhetoric that bombers "would always get
through" was far from the reality and resulted in a tremendous number of aircraft losses and
fatalities. Finally, the prediction that the airpower can win alone was an overestimated expectation
albeit, airpower played a significant role, the decisive victory came as result of a larger joint effort
by all the services. After the Great War experience, the idea of strategic bombardment strongly
influenced British interwar airpower theorists and advocates. The Trenchardian notion that decisive
victory would come through the moral effect of aerial bombing was driven by the faith and
expectation that it could destroy the enemy's will to fight. During World War II, British more than
Americans, felt it practical to adopt and

Impact Of The Atomic Bombs On Nagasaki And Hiroshima
The impact of the atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima were the most destructive singular air
strikes against Japan. However, fire raids conducted by Major General Curtis E. Lemay were a
significant factor in the air campaign against Japan. They also inflicted more casualties to the
Japanese populous and damage to Japanese infrastructure than the atomic bombs (Hanson 60). The
decision and execution of these attacks by General Lemay contributed to the overall success of the
pacific campaign. The changes that General Lemay made to the XXI Bomber Command created
more victories for the Americans with a lower casualty rate. These victories can also be attributed to
the success of air power at the tactical, operational, and strategic levels of war. Prior to General
Lemay's control of the XXI Bomber Command, Brigadier General Haywood S. Hansell Jr. was
conducting high altitude bombing campaigns on Japanese infrastructure. The bombing command
had a solid foundation with its safe base infrastructure, tactics, and organization of command. B–29s
stationed at bases in Guam, Tinian, Saipan and Iwo Jima were being more well–constructed leading
to less problems during air raids. With better aircraft, missions could have fewer issues occurring
leading to higher success rates. The major setback that aircrafts were having was the weather.
Because the bombers were at such high altitudes during their attacks it led to overheating of engines
and other mission essential issues. Thunderstorms

Sun Tzu 's The Art Of War
Sun Tzu's The Art of War in World War II During the Spring and Autumn Period (771 B.C.E. –406
B.C.E.) of Chinese history, the Zhou dynasty began to face opposition from several competing
warlords and dynasties. In the midst of this conflict emerged the Wu general, Sun Wu, later titled
Sun Tzu. He was the most innovative military officers of his time and his techniques and stratagem
were transcribed into The Art of War which was later revised and became the most important
military text in the ensuing Warring States Period. As such, it became the most influential piece of
miliary thought in Asia and with the advent of the 20th century and increased wars between the East
and West, it gradually became the most important military text in the world, replacing another text
entitled Art of War written during the Renaissance by Niccolo Machiavelli. One of the first wars in
which both sides used Sun Tzu's text, was World War II. The principles outlined in The Art of War,
became ingrained in the tactics of the American, British, German and Russian armies following
World War I and the Russo–Japanese War. The tactics in outlined in The Art of War were used in
many major battles in World War II in both theaters of combat, leading it to become the one of the
most, if not the most influential piece of military work in history. The Second Sino–Japanese War,
which is considered by many to be an early manifestation, even a theatre, of World War II, was a
fierce contest between Japan and

Aerial Warfare Throughout The First And Second World Wars
The History of Aerial Warfare Throughout the First and Second World Wars When Aerial Warfare
was first introduced many thought it was useless, inferior, and just plain stupid. From biplanes to
dropping nuclear bombs, Aerial Warfare has come a long way. I am going to explain the
advancements and rapid adaptations Aerial Warfare made throughout the First and Second World
Wars. In the beginning of aerial warfare, it wasn't really warfare. It was more of Reconnaissance.
Sources suggest the first use of this "Recon", was the Chinese, by using kites to fly people in the air
to scout out the enemy. World War 1 was the first legitimate war with air combat, and real
advancements in the field. The Germans heavily invested in aircraft technology, ... Show more
Close Air Support was developed and fighters were formed to help with this such as the Stuka Dive
Bomber, and the British Tempest. Aircraft also began hunting tanks with large caliber machine guns
and unguided rockets as ammunition. Aircraft carriers were used on a large scale, and their true
power was shown at the Battle of Midway in the Pacific. This battle also showed how aircraft could
use torpedos and take down massive warships successfully. Using aircraft to transport supplies and
troops were now adopted, and paratroopers were starting to be used. Perhaps the most famous
paratrooper mission which was Operation Market Garden, was a nearly disastrous operation by the
Allies in 1944. Huge transport planes such as the JU–52, and the DC–3 could carry massive loads at
decent speed, which was effective for resupplying. Helicopters were soon developed, but were not
really effective during the war. Aircraft played a vital role in World War 2, and so many
advancements and technology changed because of it. In World War 1 air power was an addition to
the war, but it didn't change the outcome of many important campaigns of the war like World War 2
did. In conlusion, over both of the World Wars aircraft warfare started from nothing and ended with
nuclear bomb droppers and jet engine

Sebastian Junger's Tribe: On Homecoming And Belonging
Roughly a year into World War Two, German bombers flew over the streets of London where they
began dropping highly explosive bombs in a series of aerial raids. The bombs were being released
by the Axis Powers above residential areas in an attempt to create mass hysteria in the city. For
fifty–seven straight days, bombs were raining over London, killing citizens and destroying homes.
During this time, Londoners attempted to live their normal lives while frequently taking refuge in
one of the many underground bomb shelters. Sebastian Junger looks further into the specific
psychological effects the London Blitz had on the Londoners in his book Tribe: On Homecoming
and Belonging. Junger claims that the goal of the bombings, which was to cause further ... Show
Junger is proving his point that under circumstances of disaster and/or hardship, modern societies
that do not have a strong sense of community form a tribe (a strongly–knit community), at least
temporarily. In this example, the tribe is the Londoners and the stressor is the London Blitz. A tribe
results in a sense of purpose and cooperation among its people. In his book, Junger provides both of
these aspects to showcase an example that works in his favor. There is a sense of purpose between
the tribe of Londoners: to survive and stand strong against the Axis Powers. This sense of purpose
aids in lowering mental illness and psychotic breaks among Londoners. Junger also shows examples
of cooperation between the Londoners to further prove his point. This cooperation between peoples
is one reason the death count was considerably low since people did not panic and cause mass
mayhem, which is what the Germans were hoping for. However, this cooperation that Junger
illustrates in the book is not exactly what is shown within the researched literature. In the book,
Junger includes all accurate information, yet leaves out certain pieces of it to make his argument
more convincing to the reader. By not including the aspect that there were class divisions during the
Londoners during the bombings, as well as

Why Is The Battle Of Dresden Justified

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