how you encounter with new case

1. Presenter :-
Anil Adhikari
Subash Rimal
Vets for Animal Welfare
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2. Contents:
 History taking
 Clinical findings
 Clinical parameters
 Laboratory finding
 Postmortem finding
 Diagnosis
 Differential diagnosis
 Treatment
 Epidemiology
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3. History taking
Why????????
 Animal cannot describe their clinical symptoms.
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4. History cont…
Method:
 Be familiar to the farmer.
 Use of non technical term.
 Take history a/c to the disease.
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5. What to include??
 Disease history
 Previous exposure
 Management history(feeding, nutrition)
 Morbidity ,mortality ,case fatality
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6. Examination of environment:
Exdoor environment:
 Stocking rate
 Water disposal
 Waste disposal
Indoor encironment:
 Hygiene
 Flooring
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8. Examination of the patient
Behaviour and general appearance
 Bright
 Dull
 Excitation
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10. Voice :Bellowing ,yawning.
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11. Eating :Mastication, Rumination
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12. Defecation: Constipation, diarrhoea
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13. Posture;
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14. Gait
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16. Body condition
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17. skin
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18. Clinical parameters:
 Heart rate
 Respiration rate
 Temperature
 Pulse
 Mucosal membrane, etc.
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19. Laboratory diagnosis
 Sample to take????
 a/c to sign symptoms and your presumptive diagnosis.
Normal parameters:
Pcv
Hb count
Blood cell count
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20. Diagnosis
 How to daignosis?
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23. Pathophysiology:
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25. Differential diagnosis:
 Disease having similar clinical signs.
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26. Treatment:
 Evidence based medicine..
 Empirical treatment..
 Mechanism of action???
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27. Prevention and control
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28. zoonotic????
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29. Thank you for your
patience !!!!
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