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Smart home
This document discusses a smart home system project by two students. The objectives of the project are to make it easy for people to control devices in their home without being physically present. The project scope involves developing a device application to control hardware using sensors. The plan is to determine needed hardware, build the hardware part, program it, and test it. The home control system is an application that allows users to control home devices via sensors by logging into the app on their device and selecting devices to control from a menu.
A low-cost non-toxic post-growth activation step for CdTe solar cells
Cadmium telluride, CdTe, is now firmly established as the basis for the market-leading thin-film solar-cell technology. With laboratory efficiencies approaching 20 per cent1, the research and development targets for CdTe are to reduce the cost of power generation further to less than half a US dollar per watt (ref. 2) and to minimize the environmental impact. A central part of the manufacturing process involves doping the polycrystalline thin-film CdTe with CdCl2. This acts to form the photovoltaic junction at the CdTe/CdS interface3, 4 and to passivate the grain boundaries5, making it essential in achieving high device efficiencies. However, although such doping has been almost ubiquitous since the development of this processing route over 25 years ago6, CdCl2 has two severe disadvantages; it is both expensive (about 30 cents per gram) and a water-soluble source of toxic cadmium ions, presenting a risk to both operators and the environment during manufacture. Here we demonstrate that solar cells prepared using MgCl2, which is non-toxic and costs less than a cent per gram, have efficiencies (around 13%) identical to those of a CdCl2-processed control group. They have similar hole densities in the active layer (9 × 1014 cm−3) and comparable impurity profiles for Cl and O, these elements being important p-type dopants for CdTe thin films. Contrary to expectation, CdCl2-processed and MgCl2-processed solar cells contain similar concentrations of Mg; this is because of Mg out-diffusion from the soda-lime glass substrates and is not disadvantageous to device performance. However, treatment with other low-cost chlorides such as NaCl, KCl and MnCl2 leads to the introduction of electrically active impurities that do compromise device performance. Our results demonstrate that CdCl2 may simply be replaced directly with MgCl2 in the existing fabrication process, thus both minimizing the environmental risk and reducing the cost of CdTe solar-cell production.
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This document describes a project to monitor and control a chicken farm using SMS messages. The system uses sensors to monitor the temperature and detect movement. It then sends SMS alerts to the owner's phone. The owner can reply by SMS to control devices like fans or heaters. The system connects a mobile phone to a PIC microcontroller using serial communication. It tests AT commands to send and receive SMS. The hardware includes a PIC, sensors, voltage regulator, LCD and MAX232. The project allows remote monitoring and control of the farm via inexpensive SMS technology.
A Combinatorial Approach to the Optimisation of Cd (1−x) Zn x S Layers for Cd...
A Combinatorial Approach to the Optimisation of Cd (1−x) Zn x S Layers for Cd...University of Liverpool
A combinatorial methodology has been adopted to determine the optimum composition of a Cd ( 1 − x)Zn x S window
layer for CdTe solar cells. The methodology generated a large, self
consistent dataset which permitted an unambiguous relationship
between x, conversion efficiency and related cell parameters to
be determined. An optimum composition of x = 0.57 was shown
to maximise cell efficiency. Analysis of J − V curves, measured
over 72 separate cells show that both short circuit current, J SC ,
and fill factor, F F , values increase with respect to x over the
range 0.1−0.57. EQE measurements show that further increases
in J SC value are limited by the band gap of the highly resistive
transparent (HRT) ZnO layer. The methodology demonstrates a
rapid route, compared to conventional experiments, to the further
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This document discusses a smart home system project by two students. The objectives of the project are to make it easy for people to control devices in their home without being physically present. The project scope involves developing a device application to control hardware using sensors. The plan is to determine needed hardware, build the hardware part, program it, and test it. The home control system is an application that allows users to control home devices via sensors by logging into the app on their device and selecting devices to control from a menu.
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Cadmium telluride, CdTe, is now firmly established as the basis for the market-leading thin-film solar-cell technology. With laboratory efficiencies approaching 20 per cent1, the research and development targets for CdTe are to reduce the cost of power generation further to less than half a US dollar per watt (ref. 2) and to minimize the environmental impact. A central part of the manufacturing process involves doping the polycrystalline thin-film CdTe with CdCl2. This acts to form the photovoltaic junction at the CdTe/CdS interface3, 4 and to passivate the grain boundaries5, making it essential in achieving high device efficiencies. However, although such doping has been almost ubiquitous since the development of this processing route over 25 years ago6, CdCl2 has two severe disadvantages; it is both expensive (about 30 cents per gram) and a water-soluble source of toxic cadmium ions, presenting a risk to both operators and the environment during manufacture. Here we demonstrate that solar cells prepared using MgCl2, which is non-toxic and costs less than a cent per gram, have efficiencies (around 13%) identical to those of a CdCl2-processed control group. They have similar hole densities in the active layer (9 × 1014 cm−3) and comparable impurity profiles for Cl and O, these elements being important p-type dopants for CdTe thin films. Contrary to expectation, CdCl2-processed and MgCl2-processed solar cells contain similar concentrations of Mg; this is because of Mg out-diffusion from the soda-lime glass substrates and is not disadvantageous to device performance. However, treatment with other low-cost chlorides such as NaCl, KCl and MnCl2 leads to the introduction of electrically active impurities that do compromise device performance. Our results demonstrate that CdCl2 may simply be replaced directly with MgCl2 in the existing fabrication process, thus both minimizing the environmental risk and reducing the cost of CdTe solar-cell production.
Monitoring and controlling_system_in_a_chicken_farm(eee499.blogspot.com)
This document describes a project to monitor and control a chicken farm using SMS messages. The system uses sensors to monitor the temperature and detect movement. It then sends SMS alerts to the owner's phone. The owner can reply by SMS to control devices like fans or heaters. The system connects a mobile phone to a PIC microcontroller using serial communication. It tests AT commands to send and receive SMS. The hardware includes a PIC, sensors, voltage regulator, LCD and MAX232. The project allows remote monitoring and control of the farm via inexpensive SMS technology.
A Combinatorial Approach to the Optimisation of Cd (1−x) Zn x S Layers for Cd...
A Combinatorial Approach to the Optimisation of Cd (1−x) Zn x S Layers for Cd...University of Liverpool
A combinatorial methodology has been adopted to determine the optimum composition of a Cd ( 1 − x)Zn x S window
layer for CdTe solar cells. The methodology generated a large, self
consistent dataset which permitted an unambiguous relationship
between x, conversion efficiency and related cell parameters to
be determined. An optimum composition of x = 0.57 was shown
to maximise cell efficiency. Analysis of J − V curves, measured
over 72 separate cells show that both short circuit current, J SC ,
and fill factor, F F , values increase with respect to x over the
range 0.1−0.57. EQE measurements show that further increases
in J SC value are limited by the band gap of the highly resistive
transparent (HRT) ZnO layer. The methodology demonstrates a
rapid route, compared to conventional experiments, to the further
optimisation of CdTe solar cells.Lecture 4: Semiconductors and Reco
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This document discusses measuring the I-V characteristics of photovoltaic cells. It begins by explaining that measuring the I-V curve is important for determining key parameters like short circuit current, open circuit voltage, and maximum power point that indicate a cell's quality and performance under different conditions. It then describes two common methods for measuring the I-V curve - using a variable resistor load or charging a capacitor. The document states that the capacitor method provides a more accurate and uniform measurement as it is performed quickly. Finally, it discusses developing an I-V curve tester capable of measuring the maximum power of 80 watts solar cells and extracting other important electrical metrics.
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This document describes a project to measure the I-V characteristics of solar cells and modules using power electronics, PIC circuits, and a C# interface. The project will allow for measuring and collecting current and voltage data from solar cells in order to analyze their electrical features. A standard silicon solar module rated at 22V open circuit voltage and 3.4A short circuit current will be used to test the measurement system. The interface will store measurement data including time, current, voltage, radiation, and temperature readings. Voltage dividers and op-amps will be used to scale the voltage and current readings before sending the data to the interface.
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- The SunEye captures skyline images at various locations and orientations that are used to calculate metrics like solar access, tilt and orientation factor, and total solar resource fraction to assess shading impacts.
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This document describes simulations of photovoltaic solar modules with and without bypass diodes. It defines the specifications of a sample solar module and a bypass diode model. Simulations show that without bypass diodes, shading of one module in a series reduces output current and power, while with bypass diodes current can flow around the shaded module. A simulation of a 30 module series string with bypass diode groups demonstrates maintained output when one group is shaded. Instructions are given for importing the simulation files.
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This document summarizes research on predicting mismatch losses in utility-scale photovoltaic systems. The key findings are:
1) For a 1 MW array with a common 5W module power tolerance, mismatch loss is 0.501% of total power. Loss increases with wider distributions.
2) For a 5W distribution, loss decreases as array size increases up to 1.5MW, above which it remains constant.
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This document presents a study on modeling and simulating photovoltaic cells. It discusses various PV cell models including single diode, two diode, and Simscape models. The single diode model represents the PV cell as a current source in parallel with a diode. The two diode model improves accuracy by including another diode to account for recombination losses. Simscape provides solar cell blocks that allow modeling PV cells using 5-parameter and 8-parameter models. Simulation results show the two diode and Simscape models provide more accurate output, especially at low irradiance levels, compared to the single diode model. The document concludes the two diode and Simscape models are better choices for simulation due to their improved precision.
Performance analysis of stand alone ( roof top ) PV system.
1. The document analyzes the performance of a 37 watt standalone solar photovoltaic system.
2. It provides the specifications of the system, methodology for testing, and evaluation indexes to analyze the system performance including I-V and P-V curves of the solar panel.
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Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying Ahead
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their Mainframe
Inconsistent user experience and siloed data, high costs, and changing customer expectations – Citizens Bank was experiencing these challenges while it was attempting to deliver a superior digital banking experience for its clients. Its core banking applications run on the mainframe and Citizens was using legacy utilities to get the critical mainframe data to feed customer-facing channels, like call centers, web, and mobile. Ultimately, this led to higher operating costs (MIPS), delayed response times, and longer time to market.
Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdf
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
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Which is the best blogging platform to share your thoughts and ideas
- 1. Which is the best blogging platform to share your thoughts and ideas?
- 2. Why WordPress is Better Than BlogSpot Platform? As a newbie blogger, the most confusing state is to decide which Blogging platform to choose. Though, most suggested platforms are BlogSpot, WordPress, Tumblr.
- 3. 1. Control over the blog: Even if you use the custom domain feature (Using your domain name ), chances are high that if spammers use feature Flag as spam and report your blog as spam. This is something very common and by doing a quick search on Google, you will realize many bloggers faced this problem while using BlogSpot.
- 4. 2. Search engine optimization: Doesn’t matter where your blog is hosted, traffic is the first and last thing any blogger will look for. Comparing WordPress and BlogSpot, WordPress offers more options to optimize your blog for search engine where as in BlogSpot you are limited to certain settings.
- 5. 3. Plugins and support WordPress is blessed with features like plugin and a strong community to get support. In BlogSpot, lot of time is needed to edit your theme to show related posts and adding such features. By using plugins, you can achieve anything, and if not, you can take help of WordPress support forum to get custom code and extend the capabilities of your blog.
- 6. 4. Reputation : Human tendency or perception, that most of the people doesn’t see BlogSpot with a great eye. Its free, and mass number of people are using it for Blackhat SEO, spamming and for affiliate landing pages. When talking about self-hosted blog, people think that you have paid for the service, and you are serious about your blog.
- 7. 5. Theme and templates: BlogSpot offers many templates but due to the commercial nature of WordPress, you will find unlimited free and Premium WordPress themes. Moreover, since you have FTP access, you can alter the complete look and feel of your WordPress theme.
- 8. 6. AdSense Life line for any blogger who is looking forward to making money from his blog. Initially BlogSpot used to be the best way to get your AdSense account approved, but later on it’s becoming tough to get your Adsense account with BlogSpot. With WordPress and your domain email address, getting your blog approved is very easy. Another advantage of self-hosted blog.
- 9. 7. Reselling your blog: Google strictly doesn’t allow reselling of BlogSpot blogs, but the case is different here with the self- hosted blog. You can always resell your self-hosted blog.
- 10. 8. Significance of Social Media Websites Though if you use the custom domain, that will work. Also, many networks for bloggers like Buysellads doesn’t accept BlogSpot bloggers. WordPress keep updating and releasing a new version, which comes with some added features and functionality, whereas, on BlogSpot, there are very few updates which happen over the time.
- 12. If you want to add any more regarding a blogging platform selection, feel free to reach me @ https://twitter.com/LiverpoolWebdev