The document discusses parts of speech and sentence structure in relation to the short story "Out of Bounds" by B. Naidoo. It defines transitive and intransitive verbs, and provides examples of each. It also discusses adverbial adjuncts and how they are used to modify verbs to indicate time, manner, place, reason and duration. Examples of sentences are analyzed to identify their type, verbs, clauses, subjects and predicates.

1. SYNTAX - part 2
Prácticas Discursivas de la Comunicación Escrita 1
1°2°
ISFD 41
Prof. Stella Maris Saubidet Oyhamburu

3. Short story: “OUT of BOUNDS” by B. Naidoo.
VERBS
INTRANSITIVE
COMPLETE
PREDICATION
INCOMPLETE
PREDICATION
TRANSITIVE
COMPLETE
PREDICATION
INCOMPLETE
PREDICATION

4. TVCP TVIP
IVCP IVIP

5. TVCP - TVIP - IVCP - IVIP (Linking verb)

7. TRANSITIVE VERB + DO INTRANSITIVE VERB
TRANSITIVE VERBS are ACTION
VERBS that have an OBJECT to
receive the action.
The African children wore the black and
white uniform of Mount View Primary.
The squatters took over the land below
their house.
Rohan’s dad added another meter of thick
concrete bricks to their garden wall.
INTRANSITIVE VERBS are ACTION
VERBS that do NOT have an
OBJECT receiving the action.
Rohan returned from school early.
Some children laughed and some children
cried.
The squatters settled in the land below their
house.
The number of squatters grew quickly.

8. Let’s revise...
Do these sentences have TV or IV?
1. Women filled their buckets at the outside tap.
2. It wasn’t long before all that changed.
3. Thieves grabbed Mrs. Pillay’s gold thali from
around her neck.
4. Every report of theft anywhere in the country,
led to another conversation about the squatters.

9. Let’s revise...
Do these sentences have TV or IV?
1. Women filled their buckets at the outside tap.
2. It wasn’t long before all that changed.
3. Thieves grabbed Mrs. Pillay’s gold thali from
around her neck.
4. Every report of theft anywhere in the country,
led to another conversation about the squatters.
1. TVCP
2. IVIP, IVCP
3. TVCP
4. TVCP

10. Adverbial adjuncts.
Some sentences can have
Torrential rains and floods arrived soon.
Torrential rains and floods arrived when I left.
The children learnt how to play quickly.
They behaved like primitive kids.
We used to walk there.
We used to walk down the slope.
We walked where nobody could see us.
ADVERBIAL ADJUNCTS
Adv. Adj of TIME >> WHEN?
Adj of MANNER >> HOW?
Adv. Adj of PLACE >> WHERE?

11. Let’s revise...
Match the elements in the 3 columns.
1. carefully, with love
2. yesterday, on Monday, after you left
3. here, in the drawer, where I left it
4. for no reason, since they are funny
5. once a year, monthly
6. for ten minutes
1. TIME HOW
OFTEN?
2. REASON
HOW LONG?
3. PLACE
HOW?
4. MANNER
WHEN?
5. DURATION
WHY?

12. Let’s revise...
Match the elements in the columns.
1. carefully, with love
2. yesterday, on Monday, after you left
3. here, in the drawer, where I left it
4. for no reason, since they are funny
5. once a year, monthly
6. for ten minutes
1. MANNER
HOW?
2. TIME
WHEN?
3. PLACE
WHERE?
4. REASON
WHY?
5. FREQUENCY
HOW OFTEN?

13. Let’s revise...
Which are the Adverbial Adjuncts?
1. We’ll never treat them with love.
2. Clothes disappeared off the washing
line on Monday.
3. Those poor people live there.
4. They live there because they like it.

14. Let’s revise...
Which are the Adverbial Adjuncts?
1. We’ll never treat them with love.
2. Clothes disappeared off the washing
line on Monday.
3. Those poor people live there.
4. They live there because they like it.
1. Adv Adj of MANNER
2. Adv Adj of TIME.
1. Adv Adj of PLACE.
2. Adv Adj of REASON.

15. Let’s revise...
Some sentences to analyse:
● “Out of bounds” is a sad short story.
● The set of stories start in 1940 and they
finish in 2000.
● The story explores how the political
climate affects the lives of children.
● Rohan gave the skinny boy a bucket of
water because his mother needed it.
REMEMBER!
● Type of sentence?
● Finite verb(s)?
● Clauses?
● Subject & Predicate?
● Subject >> HEAD
● Predicate > HEAD

16. Let’s revise...
● “Out of bounds” is a sad story.
● [The set of stories start in 1940] and
[they finish in 2000.]
● [The story explores [how the political
climate affects the lives of children]].[how
the political climate affects the lives of children.]
● Rohan gave the skinny boy a bucket of
water because his mother needed it.
● be: IVIP
● start: IVCP, finish: IVCP
● explore: TVCP + DO
● affect: TVCP + DO
● give: TVCP + IO + DO,
need: TVCP