International Capital Mobility Essay Examples

International Capital Mobility Essay examples
International Capital Mobility
"Globalization is today's reality. Like it or not, the move to a world economy is a fact of life. At
some point in the 1990s the process achieved critical mass and people started to sit up and take
notice. Many were apprehensive.
Today, almost all of us are aware that our lives are being shaped by an interconnected world
economy of cross–border flows of trade, finance and technology. In our hearts, we know that there
is no going back."
–Maria Livanos Cattaui, Secretary General of the International Chamber of Commerce. As
evidenced by the above quotation, any analysis of the central economic issues of our time is
incomplete without a clear understanding of the increasing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They claim that international capital mobility, or, the ability of investors to freely allocate capital
around the globe, engenders promise, while simultaneously entailing peril. This paper will attempt
to address the arguments of both sides to foster greater comprehension.
Before proceeding it is crucial to define the term "capital". According to the Merriam Webster
Dictionary, it is "invested savings used in the process of production, or money used to bring in
income." Investors around the world hold various assets to earn economic returns. The funds they
loan out finance growth and development of economies abroad. It is their hope that they correctly
allocate their wealth so that they can profit from sound investment. Emerging economies, nascent
industries, etc. hope that they receive adequate funding to facilitate their development. Without it,
they would stagnate and collapse. Capital is the lifeblood of an economy; its significance to
economic growth cannot be overestimated or overstated.
Having said this, it is necessary to observe the consequences of the global movement of capital, i.e.,
the liquid lending and borrowing that keep economies afloat.
History presents many examples of the bounty it creates. For example, during the nineteenth
century, capital flows were responsible for the development of the western
United States, Australia, New Zealand, Chile, South Africa, and parts of Canada.1
Opponents, while concurring
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Persuasive Essay On Living Wage
Living or subsistence wage is amount of income needed to maintain basic standard of living.
Theoretically, this wage should bring people out of poverty if implemented. The real take home
wage for most workers are far below this 'utopic' living wage. Absence of living wage for most
workers has been recognized as a contributing factor to the difficult task of upward social mobility
with resultant diminishing equality of opportunity and relative poverty for most workers in this
country today. The concept of working poor is born out of this dystopic social stratification. The
threat this and other social determinant factors posed to the realization of the lofty goal of 'American
Dream' are the subject of this paper. Living wage is a level of income that enable workers to afford
basic necessity of life like shelter, food, health care and education. This is to afford any one that
work full–time to live above poverty line, avoid homelessness and hunger; it's meant to just meet
basic necessities and provide buffer against emergencies or improve quality of life. It's however
disheartening to note that this basic wage has continue to be a dream for most workers in this
country today; even as the companies or entities they work for makes record profits. Opponent of
national living wage had cited possible job loss, capital flight in this era of globalization of
capitalism, and natural forces of market as reason why implementing national living wage is a bad
policy that would make the

Comparing Waves of Immigrants in Joseph Healey’s “From...
Joseph Healey's "From Immigrants to White Ethnics" is a generalized comparison between the
varying groups of individuals that accompanied the colossal waves of immigration to the United
States from Europe in the nineteenth century. Immigration to this country resulted from a number of
reason such as religious persecution, individuals seeking to find employment after industrialization
in their home countries limited their livelihood, and political oppositions to name a few. On arrival
the immigrants knew immediately they were of the subordinate group and faced "discrimination and
prejudice" (Healey, 2012, p. 54), although some more so than others. Among the first immigrants to
arrive in the United States were Northern and Western European citizens. Unlike the immigrants
from Ireland and Southern and Eastern Europe that chose the United States for their new homeland
these individuals were probably the most accepted by the majority, even if considered just nominally
superior to the others. Included in this group were the "English, Germans, Norwegians, Swedes,
Welsh, French, Dutch and Danes" (Healey, 2012, p. 56). This acceptance was due in part to the
similarities that the dominate group held as ideals such as their religion, along with cultural values
and characteristics. If the Northern and Western Europeans found acceptance difficult, individuals
from Ireland and the Europeans from the south and east had an even more traumatic experience.
Whereas the more accepted group had

Cultural Capital Needed For Gain Upward Social Mobility
As a student from a working–class background, I did not have access to the type of cultural capital
needed to gain upward social mobility. For example, I come from a family that has had no formal
education beyond high school and so I was without the knowledge of how to gain access into the
realm of higher education. My family had never gone through the application process and so they
did not know how to access and utilize the college help that my school provided. Also, my high
school only had fourteen counselors available to provide assistance to the 4,263 students that
attended the school (Illinois Report Card 2010). This counselor–to–student ration meant that not
much time could be devoted to each student to give them the help they needed to navigate the
complex college application system (Civil Rights Data 2009, Illinois Report Card 2010). During my
time in high school, I never actually spoke to any of the counselors about college plans and I was
not even aware that they could help in that area. In the following sections I detail how the cultural
capital borrowed or learned from scholarship programs and cultural mentors ultimately impact a
student's upward mobility most.
Exclusive scholarship programs can act as a tool that helps move a working–class student beyond
the achievement levels of their parents. These programs do so by exposing students to privileged
knowledge, skills, and strategies that they would not access to otherwise. Lareau and Horvat define
these types

Undocumented Americans Sociology
Undocumented Americans are like any other Americans, but with limited freedoms and
opportunities as their other American peers. In the United States, undocumented Americans number
about 2.1 million, and almost half of them are now adults (Friedman, November 10th, 2016). Many
of these undocumented Americans were born in Mexico, moved to the United States and began their
lives as American since they were young. This particular group of immigrant youths face uncertain
futures clouded by fear and frustration due to the lack of rights, opportunities, and supports from
both the general publics and the government. Many undocumented Americans do not fully realize
the constraints of their status until they become young adults. Undocumented Americans' ... Show
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With the social dimension, successful integration would mean living alongside the population
without fear of systematic discrimination, intimidation, or exploitation by the authorities or the
people of the country (Friedman, November 8th, 2016). The implication of social mobility has long
lasting impact on undocumented Americans. Many immigrant youths with undocumented status saw
being open with their peers regarding their immigration status as a threat to their standing in social
groups at school and within the broader community. In order to make their life seems as normal as
possible and avoid situations where they could be excluded, many college–goers keep their
undocumented status a secret from friends. Many of the respondents in Lives of Limbo hide their
status from their friends because they felt embarrassed and did not want to experience exclusion
(Gonzales, 113). The negative discourse about Latino immigrants also take a toll on the routines and
activities of undocumented American. The racial constructions of Mexicans as criminals caused
immigrant youths to repel this stigma by concealing their undocumented status (Gonzalez, 109).
When they were young, they had inclusionary access; however, once they become young adults,
they are denied of participation in many institutions of mainstream life. Even if they discover their
status at a young age, they would still conceal it due to the fear of deportation. Many state and local
government are turning police officers into de facto immigration agents to crack down on
undocumented immigrants and those who provide them jobs and housing (Ewing,7). This
stigmatized identity leads to social exclusion, which also prevents these undocumented Americans
from integrating into the US mainstream. They feel out of place and unwelcoming by their peers if
their undocumented status is known by their friends and community. Integration is a

Research Paper On The American Dream
Thomas Lee
Professor Elena Savelieva–Thompson
PACS 01–25
4 December 2016
The American Dream The American Dream has historically been defined as upward social mobility
through hard work and determination regardless of circumstances at birth. However, it seems that
this dream has died. Those in the lower and middle class find themselves working multiple jobs just
to survive. They live paycheck to paycheck and are unable to save money to allow them to buy a
house and escape from their economic perils. I believe the American dream is dead because people
are no longer capable of upward social mobility without getting lucky at birth due to wage
inequality, rising housing costs, and retirement insecurity. Pay inequality prevents upwards social
mobility which is by definition against the American Dream which indicates the dream is dying.
This inequality started in the 1970s when both middle class pay and college graduation rates began
to flat line while executive pay skyrocketed. According to Robert Reich, former Secretary of Labor
under Bill Clinton, in 1978 the typical male worker made $48,302 a year while the typical 1%
executive made $393,682. This was not inherently a problem, but in 2010 the male worker's pay had
actually decreased to $33,751 a year while the executive pay had increased to $1,101,089. The 2007
financial crash is very similar to that of the Great Crash of 1928. The top 1% at each of these times
were taking over 23% of wealth of the nation. These crashes

My Service Learning Hours At Asarese Matters Community Center
This spring semester I had the privilege of completing my service learning hours at Asarese Matters
Community Center. I chose to conduct my hours of service at this site because I felt like I could
relate to the kids that are experiencing a life of poverty with limited mobility opportunities. Most my
time spent there I interacted with a majority of the kids through basketball and competitive activities
like billiards, ping pong and talking sports. While observing relationships and interactions between
staff and youth that attend the community center I noticed the important role that sport and
education played in the life of the children. Using my sociological imagination, I would like to
explore the role of sport and the interactions and behaviors that takes place during competitive
situations, also the role of education and the kids perception on going to college and using sport and
education as a way of succeeding and escaping the concentrated poverty of the Buffalo
communities. Using the lived experience that I encountered and knowledge acquired in the past, I
will try to piece together a connection and express how the macro level expectations of a community
to prosper influences the self esteem,behaviors and attitudes among social groups at the micro level
here in the city of Buffalo and at Asarese–Matters community center. Winning and Losing A
majority of the kids families that attend Asarese are either part of the working poor or the
underclass. Buffalo is

Strengths And Weaknesses
The Strengths and Weaknesses of the United States
In the United States, citizens can openly express their freedoms from freedom of speech to freedom
of religion. Through the eyes of the founders, all Americans citizens are equal, and so it seems that
all Americans deserve the same rights and opportunities. Yet, the United States emphasizes
individualism, a belief that one is independent and self–reliant. They are motivated to compete with
others to achieve what is known as the "American Dream." According to that belief, if someone
works hard, he or she will be able to climb the ladder of the social and economic class system.
Because of its inability to evaluate people other than these classes, this system ultimately creates a
divide between an upper class and lower class. Therefore, what strengths Americans hold such as the
American Dream is also their weakness in creating one of the most devastating economic class
disparity in the United States. One particular value, individualism, is the main contributor of the
exhibition of American greatness and its downfall.
From generation to generation, the idea of individualism is passed down from parents to their
children in hopes of raising them to become self–sufficient. This philosophy would entail making
their own decisions, being responsible for their work, and taking charge of a situation. Such
characteristics are incredibility fitting when people are looking for jobs or applying for a leadership
position because employers are always looking for someone who is responsible and willing to work
hard on their own accord. In these cases, it fits the American ideology like a puzzle piece.
That is the case until Althen states that the ideal image of an American "prefers an atmosphere of
freedom... neither the government nor any other external force... dictates what an individual does."
(Page 6) However true this statement is, it presents a particular conflict that is hard to resolve. If not
the government, who would control such an autonomous being? One of the criticisms of
individualism claims that it is not more than a self–centered and selfish belief that exists in the
American system. From opposers' perspective, Americans who claim to be individualistic is coming
up

Poverty And Lack Of Work Ethic
Paper The United States established its claim as the "land of opportunity" for multiple generations;
immigrants travel to the states year after year with aspirations of improving the lives of themselves
and their household. As an increasing rate of minorities continue to become drawn into America 's
lower class, they begin to doubt the practicality of their dreams after all. Then there of course those
who would debate that the unfortunate are impoverished due to their absence of trade/educational
skill and hard work. Throughout the course of this essay, I intend to demonstrate that poverty is in
fact a continuing fundamental issue in our society that is not entirely due to "lack of work ethic".
Utilizing evidence accumulated from the sources: The Sociology Project 2.0 and The Color Line,
the Dilemma, and the Dream, one will realize that there are many obstacles that hamper, without
entirely inhibiting, lower–class individuals from attaining the upper levels of today 's society.
Therefore, the United States is unfortunately not the land of opportunity it is believed to be due to
differences within social stratification, educational systems, and discriminatory labor forces.
Prior to illustrating how America is not simply a "meritocratic" society, one must understand what
the meaning of meritocracy is. According to Dictionary.com, a meritocratic society grants all
residents equal opportunities for advancements in life. Thus, those who demonstrate great ability
and effort are

For Most Of My High School Career Chosen To Be A Part Of
For most of my high school career chosen to be a part of the band program. From a very young age,
music has been a part of my life in every direction. Both my older sisters brought me into this ever–
changing musical World where I found solace and enjoyment from hard work. However, as I got
older it became apparent that my peers saw me as a responsible individual and thought it 'd be best I
ran for a leadership position within the band program. At first, my goal was just to help those around
me to become a better musician and for them to grow as not only people but to become good role
models for next year 's incoming freshman. As this marching season, one on it became apparent that
people do not like those in higher positions than them. Our ... Show more content on
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Let others get caught up in the twists and turns of the battle, relishing their little victories. Grand
strategy will bring you the ultimate reward: the last laugh." (Greene 13) For the beginning of any
season we have had we start out strong but in the end, we falter being pushed over but the defeats
we had. Simple disputes between who should be on what part and who can play there part well.
After a while I wear you down, every day becomes a miniature battle and the more battles you lose
the weaker you become. In the eyes of people, physically, and mental you succumb to the weakness
from your defeats. Overall when you are in a leadership position you have to keep the end goal in
mind. 7 "Transform your war into a crusade: Morale strategies– The secret to motivating people and
maintaining their morale is to get them to think less about themselves and more about the group.
Involve them in a cause, a crusade against a hated enemy. Make them see their survival as tied to the
success of the army as a whole."(Greene 11) The band 's goal was to make state preliminary and
move on to state finals. However because of social disputes and lack of maturity we could not go
forward without plans. From a position of authority and being upperclassmen I have done
everything in my power to reach that ultimate goal of getting to State finals. As a person in a
leadership role, I tested my peers on Maneuvers and skills that they 've

An Unlikely Friendship Between Olivier Nakache And Eric...
Mobility, as a theme, is central to the plot of Olivier Nakache and Eric Toledano's 2011 film 'Les
Intouchables'. Although from different backgrounds, the two central characters are both, in their own
way, immobile. Driss, played by Omar Sy, suffers social immobility. Living in the banlieues of Paris
(an impoverished and often ignored area, the name for which has become 'pejorative, meaning slums
dominated by immigrants'), he has many social barriers which he must transcend. The immobility of
the aristocratic, quadriplegic and millionaire Phillipe, who lives in a large expensive house in a
wealthy part of Paris, is not social but physical. Phillipe, portrayed by François Cluzet, has to live
his life in a wheelchair due to a paragliding accident which left him paralysed many years ago. The
'tale of an unlikely friendship between two men from opposite milieu' which follows creates an
interesting film in which numerous boundaries, both social and physical, are seen to be transcended.
This essay will discuss how the theme of mobility is represented by directors Nakache and Toledano
in 'Les Intouchables', including a particular focus on the techniques used to highlight this theme
throughout.
This can be seen, firstly, in the deliberate selection of the actors used to portray Driss and Phillipe in
order to highlight the theme of mobility in the film. Omar Sy, an actor of Senegalese descent, was
chosen to play the part of Driss – in the true story inspiration upon which

Comparing The American Dream In John Steinbeck's Of Mice...
The American Dream has never been attainable. This has held true in the 1930s and today. The
Dream is prevalent in pop culture and is mentioned quite frequently. Among others, Donald Trump
claims to have achieved the Dream by incurring "a small loan of a million dollars" from his father to
start his business. Rapper Aubrey "Drake" Graham has claimed to have "started from the bottom
[and now he's] here" although this isn't entirely true considering he has actually "started from the
[upper–middle class and now he's] here." Similarly, Steinbeck illustrates the idea of the Dream
being unattainable in his 1937 novella Of Mice and Men through the characters of George and
Lennie. Lennie, a lovable character, brings ill fortune wherever he goes. George ... Show more
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Throughout the novella, Steinbeck portrays George and Lennie's dream as being far–fetched and
unattainable. Lennie continually asks George to "Tell [him]–like [he] done before [...] about the
rabbits" (Steinbeck 13). George constantly reminds Lennie why they are working and moving
around so much. Lennie doesn't remember much, but he likes to touch soft things, and his only
dream is to tend the rabbits on their imaginary farm. When helping retell their dream, Lennie goes
big, saying that they're going to "'[...] live off the fatta the lan'," (Steinbeck 14). He loves hearing
George tell the story of how they're different from other workers. George also frequently talks about
how he would be better off without Lennie, " [...] and [he] could live so easy. [He] could go get a job
an' work [...]" (Steinbeck 11). This idea is reinforced when Lennie brings them down. George was
forced to kill Lennie in the end of the novella to prevent him from having a more painful death at the
hands of the other workers. Lennie is portrayed as a lovable character who really means no harm,
but continually finds himself in compromising situations. The dream started and ended with Lennie.
George also admits to knowing this. He confesses to Candy that, "–I think I knowed from the very
first. I think I knowed we'd never do her. [Lennie] usta like to hear about [the dream] so much I got
to thinking maybe we would [succeed in achieving it]" (Steinbeck 94). In this

Financial Liberalization : Deregulation Of Financial...
Financial liberalization involves deregulation of financial markets and the freedom of capital
mobility across economies. "Financial liberalization produces major benefits including more
efficient intermediation of financial resources however it does have a 'dark side', because it produces
a banking system that is more vulnerable to systemic risk" (Arthur Wilmarth Jr 2003). Periods of
high international capital mobility have repeatedly produced international banking crises.
"Kaminsky and Reinhart present evidence that the probability of a banking crisis conditional on
financial liberalization having taken place is higher than the unconditional probability of a banking
crisis" (Reinhart and Rogoff 2011).
This is shown in figure 10.1 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to B.E. Gup (2004), the same was true of the United States during the Great Depression;
in response to varying competitive environments, federal authorities approved notably larger
authority to banks during the start of the 20th century, for example in the securities market. "The
U.S. conceit that its financial and regulatory system could withstand massive capital inflows on a
sustained basis without any problems arguably laid the foundations for the global financial crisis of
the late 2000s" (Reinhart and Rogoff 2011). The rational of 'this time is different' in the U.S. due to
its superior structure was proved false.
Financial and international capital account liberalization and the removal of barriers for investment
opportunities have transpired globally since the early 1970s. When countries receive large amounts
of foreign capital, an instant effect is an overheating economy due to an expansion of aggregate
demand. As this inflow arrived into the United States, investment banks such as Goldman Sachs saw
profits rocket. "The size of the U.S. financial sector more than doubled, from 4 percent in the mid
1970s to almost 8 percent of GDP by 2007" (Reinhart and Rogoff 2011). The frontrunners of the
financial sector (who miscalculated the hidden risks involved in their own activity) were convinced
that financial modernism was an important factor that allowed the U.S. to borrow such large
amounts of money from abroad.
According to

Summary Of Brandon King The American Dream
What is the American Dream? Is it defined by the amount of money you have or earn? Brandon
King wrote about the American Dream in the English book "They Say I say with Readings," and he
defined the American dream as the, "potential to work for an honest, secure way of life and save for
the future." Additionally, I believe this is the common perspective of the American Dream; it is all
about comfortability and affording the necessities of living and as Paul Krugman describes it "the
standards of living". In essence, this includes having shelter, being financially stable, having a job
and ultimately making enough to be able to save. I believe this perspective of the American Dream
can be agreed upon by both Mr. Krugman and Mr. King. However,

Capital Mobility And The Financial Crisis
Capital mobility in the Eurozone ECO209 paper assignment Lei Lin #1000672195 Introduction: As
the economy becomes more and more integrated, the trade barriers between individual countries are
gradually removed. People now have more options in terms of goods, services, and of course
investments, meaning capital flows are more mobile nowadays. However, deregulation of the capital
raises controversy and concerns about whether if increasing capital mobility is going to bring
prosperity, not only to the world economy in general, but to each country individually. According to
Helleiner (1994), high capital mobility is claimed to be one of the causes to the 09 financial crisis as
huge capital inflow entered into the US border and changed the housing structure and then gave rise
to the easy mortgage credit and housing bubbles. However, this paper intends to find the link
between the capital mobility and the financial crisis in order to see if this tragic outcome is
inevitable when we have a relatively high capital mobility. The paper takes the stance that increase
capital mobility is going to ultimately benefit the world economy as well as bring opportunities to
countries that are ready to liberate their capital flow. The article is taking the case study approach
and focuses on Europe Union before, during and after the financial crisis, as EU seems to be
promising to have some convincing empirical evidence. The purpose of the paper is to show
advantages of having a high

Stratification : Social, Class, And Caste
Stratification: Social, Economic, Class, and Caste Social stratification is made up of hierarchical
relationships among different groups of people. It is as though people are arranged in strata, or
layers. Groups may be unequal with material resources, power, human welfare, education, and
symbolic attributes. This social stratification began with the emergence of agriculture, but is now
universally present. Stratification can be broken up into categories such as class, caste, age, and
indigeneity. There is a difference in membership within these categories that can be broken down
into ascribed and achieved positions. Society places people into different categories, defining their
status. Achieved positions are based on the qualities that the person has gained through action.
Included in an achieved position is class. "Social class refers to a person's or group's position in
society and is defined primarily in economic terms," (273). This is a secondary social group, which
means that there are too many members for them to all have a relationship with one another. Class
can be important to determining a person's status, but sometimes they have nothing to do with each
other. The textbook tells us that the class system allows for upward mobility in capitalist societies,
which some anthropologists call meritocratic individualism. On the other hand, in the structure of
the class system in an economic stratification, economic class can shape a person's lifestyle and

Social Mobility In Mexico And The United States
Social Mobility is the ability of an individual's socioeconomic status to change from one ranking of
social class to another. Social mobility is different around and some countries have less chances of
the chances of social mobility than others due to many different economic and educational factors.
Whilst analyzing Mexico and the United States of America, both countries' socioeconomic mobility
is very different. Economic factors piece an important role in producing or stopping social mobility.
Expansion of the economy creates increased upward mobility. Mexico's economic factors and other
types of cultural means makes it difficult for people in Mexico to climb the social ladder higher to
another class, thus explains and includes other studies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Based on the historical trend of the 20th century an increase in economic earnings was observed
from the first generation to the second generations by 5–10 percent (Borjas, 2006). If the historical
trend proceeds to continue for the future, present day immigrants who face low wages will have
children that are second generation American labor workers in 2030 that could potentially face a
wage disadvantage of about 10 percent, but on average, the socioeconomic performance of offspring
of immigrants exceeds that of their parents. (Borjas, 2006). There is a larger variation in
socioeconomic status among ethnic groups in the first and second generations. Some national origin
groups, typically those originating in advanced economies, fare well in the U.S. labor market, but on
the other than other national origin groups, typically originating in poorer countries face much

The American Dream : An Unequal Construction Dependent On...
The American Dream as previously stated is an unequal construction, dependent on the economic,
political, and social states of its society. Although these factors change how and who gets to achieve
the American Dream, the universal hope of accomplishing this Dream has not changed, as
individuals are still optimistic about their hard work translating into upward mobility. The chances,
though, for their hard work to become the Dream have drastically changed due to economic,
political, and social fluctuations. This is evident within second–generation immigrants, as the
cohorts prior and after 1985 encountered different prospects. Gans (1992), for instance, perceived
that there would be a decline in the new second generation, due to the ... Show more content on
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Instead "... immigrant youths who remain firmly ensconced in their respective ethnic communities
may, by virtue of this fact, have a better chance for educational and economic mobility through use
of the material and social capital that their communities make available" (82).
Some second–generation youth, therefore, do not consider middle–class assimilation as relevant in
their path towards the American Dream, unlike their older counterparts. This tension of perception
can be seen through the differences between Richard and Olivia. Although, these two people have
faced quite distinct barriers and privileges, they exemplify this intergenerational variance. Richard
Rodriguez, for instance, thinks that success and achieving the Dream can only be accomplished
through assimilation into white middle class culture. Olivia, on the other hand, attained a class–
consciousness that helped her to realize that the American Dream did not require white assimilation.
So instead, Olivia tried to form strong ties with the Chicanx community. Their paths, although
contrary, lead to the same achievement, the American Dream. The change of path changed their
chances of achieving the Dream, as assimilation in one historic context facilitated the path towards
upward mobility, while in another historic assimilation became segmented. This segmentation
brought forth a segmentation of opportunity, as there is no longer that framework of

The American Dream
Ever since the creation of the modern middle class, in the beginning of the twentieth century,
economists and other observers alike have been interested in recording the success of people in this
class structure. Nowadays, many people claim that the economic and social issues directed towards
the middle class are causing the class's demise, causing millions of people to live in poverty. There
are many factors and components to consider when exploring the threats facing the middle class.
While many Americans wish to believe in the American Dream, the idea that through hard work,
determination and self–reliance one can move up the economic ladder; the misinterpretation of this
belief has misguided many. This flawed view of the American Dream combined with the actual
stagnation of economic mobility, which has been and will continue to widen the wealth gap, are the
greatest dangers to the middle class.
The belief in the American Dream has been a beacon of hope for many Americans and immigrants
who seek to have a better life in America. The American Dream describes a reality in which people
can achieve success and prosperity despite the financial and social status they are born into. The
dream romanticizes the "rags to riches" stories and provides people with a sense of optimism for the
future. Studies have shown that compared to Europeans, more Americans believe that success can be
achieved through self–reliance and hard work. This is due to the popular and widespread belief in

The Inequality Of The American Dream
The American Dream is the idea that any American can raise their socioeconomic status through
hard work . However, for many Americans, that dream has become impossible. Due to economic
hardship, many Americans are struggling to simply provide food for their families. Upward mobility
seems elusive. Despite the fact that some believe the American Dream is still a reality, due to poor
education, unemployment, economic downturn, and economic inequality the American Dream has
become unattainable for most lower and middle class Americans. America has a massive wealth gap.
According to Chris Matthews at Fortune, "in America, the wealthiest 160,000 families own as much
wealth as the poorest 145 million families." Those rich families can afford to ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Simply put, college graduates are having a hard time finding jobs, and without a well–paying job it
is impossible to raise one's economic status in America. When an American graduates from college,
there is a good chance that they will not be able to find employment. This is no surprise, since "the
Great Recession and its aftermath is the longest, most severe period of economic weakness in more
than seven decades" (Davis, Gould, and Kimball). Economic downturn means fewer available jobs,
especially for those who are just entering the market, as most graduates are. According to the
Economic Policy Institute, the unemployment rate for college graduates is 7.2 percent and the
underemployment rate (the unemployment rate combined with the rate of people currently employed
part–time but seeking full–time work) is 14.9 percent. Due to the poor economic situation in
America, "many graduates are unable to take the two main paths–receiving further education or
getting more work experience–that enable future career success" (Davis, Gould, and Kimball). How
are young Americans to attain the American Dream without a successful

Comparing The American Dream In John Steinbeck's Of Mice...
What is the American dream? The American dream is a pursuit of happiness and the citizens deserve
the opportunity to achieve their success by delegating hard work. A dream that takes a passion to go
after. As George told Lenny "someday–were gonna get the jack together and we're gonna have a
little house and a couple of acres an' a cow and some pigs and" "an' live off the fatta the lan'," Lenny
shouted."(Steinbeck 14) George and Lenny had an American Dream as a motivation to get where
they're going.George and lenny had a previous mistake happenin weed county that had them chased
out out to find another job on another ranch. However, George and Lenny have their own American
dream as an individual themselves. Georges' American dream was to live ... Show more content on
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Lenny's American Dream is to tend the rabbits and live off the fatta' land with George. George is a
guy who watches over Lenny and makes sure he doesn't do the things he's not supposed to. As a
result of Lenny not being able to remember things he is told, George uses a tactic to make Lenny
remember not to say a word when they meet the boss by promising Lenny that he can tend the
rabbits if he does what George says. An example of this specific situation is when Lenny and
George are on their way to the ranch in Salinas County, California for a job. When George and
Lenny went on their job interview, Lenny was reminded by George to not say a word as a result of
what had happened in weed. In the novel George says to lenny " But you ain't gonna get into no
trouble, because if you do, I won't let you tend the rabbits." (Steinbeck 16) George says that to
Lenny because he wants Lenny to remember not to say a word and ruin his chances of living their
American Dream like they did in weed. Lenny likes to get a feel of soft silky things and one day he
had felt a ladies dress, and would not let go because he was scared. The police said that he assaulted
her and so they ran them out of town. As a result of being chased out of town, they had to find
another job and George told Lenny not to say a word to the boss because George doesn't want Lenny
to accidentally mention anything about

Economic Inequality Harms Societies: Video Analysis
This paper discusses the ideas presented by Richard Wilkinson, in the video How economic
inequality harms societies (2011). Three compelling concepts arise from the video which are that
there was no longer a correlation between gross national income and health and social problems; it
is also possible to attain greater equality as evidenced by what some countries are doing to reduce
the income gap; and inequalities vary based on their health impact across the social gradient but
nonetheless is present from top to bottom. In order to tackle the health problems and improve the
health of individuals within societies, social justice actions geared at the inequalities seen in the
healthcare system and other institutions are crucial. This paper also ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He states that "it doesn't matter how you achieve it but that you do" (2011). No one pathway taken
to greater equality will be the same for differing countries but there are lessons to be learned
regarding how similar countries were able to be successful. Sweden was able to attain greater
equality by closing the income gap through taxation, having a generous welfare state and benefits
for its citizens; on the other hand, Japan was able to do it by having smaller income gaps before
taxes and a smaller welfare state (Wilkinson, 2011). What was eye–opening and previously not
considered by me was that the same contrasts were seen among states in the U.S. according to
Wilkinson. The relationship between justice and health goes beyond health, and includes the
structural and political institutions that are intertwined with health as well. Both avenues to greater
equality discussed above contained some type of structural or political change that produced an
outcome beneficial to all most likely in the areas of health, education, occupation, and improved
social conditions. Having this information can direct actions towards looking at all possible
approaches to combating inequalities, even those that seem out of the norm or have not been a part
of the conversation in the past. Exploring options such as focusing on reducing health inequalities
on a small scale (i.e. state level) instead of on the national level; how this looks and what results
could potentially come from it are considerations of justice in our healthcare system. Inequalities,
whether income, racial, or health based did not spring up overnight; they are the result of historical,
political, and economic policies and decision making that shaped the landscape of countries where
inequality

Racial Gap And Social Mobility
Talking of race or rather ethnicity in line with its effects in today's attainment of life chances and
opportunities by individuals for social mobility, we are prompted to conceptualize on matters
appertaining to civil rights of individuals in various fields ranging from job allocations, medical
attention, education, and distribution of resources. Social mobility refers to a tier in an open system
of social strata that involves movement of various categories of people in a societal set up and
majorly highlights issues to do with these people's status characteristics. The most pernicious racial
divide in the current world is in social mobility. This is in reference to the gap that coexists between
a child born white, and a child born black. Racial gaps today are rampant in various sectors and thus
pose a reflection of disproportionate representation of black families at the lower scale of income
appendage (de Souza Briggs, 37–42). The chances of moving up or down the family income ladder
by race and parent's quintile is unequal based on the skewed income distribution by race. A society
can be in a position of high absolute mobility and also low relative mobility. The availability of at
least some social mobility is key in providing conduits to greater equality in societies with high
social inequality.
Social mobility however can typically be hypothesized in terms of its direction and distance based
on the quantity of the movement. There is complexity in trying to analyze the

How Did Adam Brown Not Achieve The American Dream
How did Adam Brown not achieve the American Dream? Adam Brown did quite a bit in his
lifetime. But, as for achieving the American Dream? Adam didn't quite do that. This essay will
explain a bit as for why exactly Adam Brown did not achieve the American Dream. Adam Brown
was an amazing young man in his younger years. He was on the football team, and his team players
say that he was the best of the best. Not for his skills, but for his determination and passion for the
adrenaline. He was very caring and was always looking out for others. Adam Brown was an
amazing young man. Adam Brown later on became addicted to drugs. He was so very close to
losing all his family members due to the drug use. Adam was a strong man, but he could not
overcome

Essay about International Capital Mobility
International Capital Mobility
International Capital mobility– the free flow of investment financing from one country to another is
a hot topic in the world of economics. A common question that rises when discussing this matter is,
does capital mobility benefit developing countries? As with most other subjects the answers tend to
vary.
In this paper I will shine light on the point of view of two respectable economists concerning the
positive and negative affects associated with capital mobility. Also, how developing countries may
or may not benefit in the long run. James Bradford DeLong a Professor of Economics at the
University of California at Berkeley (DeLong, Biography, 2004) and Joseph Stiglitz a leading
economic educator who ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Such lending might cut a generation off the time it would otherwise have taken developing
countries' economies to catch up to the industrial structures and living standards of wealthier
countries "(DeLong, The Economists' Voice, 2004). Economists should be more concerned with
stability and consistency of developing countries not how fast they can catch up with the developed
countries. Yes, catching up is very important but the ability to have a strong stance in the future to
come is what it is all about.
The initial plan for international capital mobility, neoliberals like Bradford DeLong sought after
three important reasons to remove capital controls, which in turn, "could potentially improve life in
poor developing countries "(DeLong, The Economists' Voice, 2004).
"First, they planned for the resulting capital inflows to directly boost production and productivity.
Capital controls had kept the level of investment in peripheral developing countries down, or so it
was believed"(DeLong, The Economists' Voice, 2004).
Second, they foresaw that, "with capital controls removed, developing countries' industries and
people would enjoy the benefits that flow from technological advances, and from learning–by–doing
using modern machinery. After all, such benefits had been at the heart of so much of the
productivity growth of the past two centuries"(DeLong, The

The Role Of Social Mobility In The Great Gatsby
The American Dream is the opportunity of social mobility, however since the 1930s the dream has
been dead. The opportunity of social mobility is ultimately the mental image that is associated with
The American Dream. The dream has evolved slowly, eventually grinding to a halt over the past
century due to the financial changes that have continued to reform our nation's economy. In the
process of America developing, the dream became harder to grasp and the goal has become ever
harder to attain. While the dream used to be fairly practical, now it is in essence truly a dream. The
chances of obtaining the goal and moving classes, dropped miraculously in the past century. Using
the article "The American Dream Is Leaving America" and the Book The ... Show more content on
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Jay Gatsby was in the pursuit of wealth even though he was born into a very poor family. "His
parents were shiftless and unsuccessful farm people – his imagination had never really accepted
them as his parents at all." (Fitzgerald, 104). In this quote you can see that Gatsby wasn't born into
wealth, yet he was able to move into the higher class achieving "The American Dream." The class
mobility was still accessible at the time Fitzgerald wrote his book, and it continued to show in the
character Gatsby. Another example is when Fitzgerald was explaining the character of Nick. "The
Carraways are something of a clan, and we have a tradition that we're descended from the Dukes of
Buccleuch, but the actual founder of my line was my grandfather's brother, who came here in fifty–
one, sent a substitute to the Civil War, and started the wholesale hardware business that my father
carries on to–day" (Fitzgerald, 7). Fitzgerald shows that Nick's family actually achieved the
American Dream of wealth and respectability through hard work. This is yet another example of
how Fitzgerald expressed how the American Dream was still alive at the time of writing the

The Importance Of Family On My Family
Family is important, including your ancestors. Your family history can say a lot about your current
position in society. Society has a way of classifying people into groups based on resources known as
stratification. Social stratification as defined by the book "refers to how individuals and groups are
layered and ranked in society according to their access to and possession of valued resources"
(Ballantine, Roberts, and Korgen 2018). After talking to my dad and mom about my family history I
got a better idea as to where my family is on the social class ladder and I was able to see how my
ancestors lives shaped my life in some ways that can be understood from a sociological perspective.
On my mom's side of the family I learned a little bit about her, my mom's name is Kimberly; her
parents, my grandparents, Richard and Kay Leet; and Kay's parents, my great grandparents, Charles
and Mildred Whitney. Mildred Whitney graduated from Upper Iowa University with a Bachelor of
Arts in teaching. She was a teacher and directed school plays. Then when she had Kay she was a
stay at home mom. My mom, Kimberly, was not fully sure where Charles Whitney graduated, but he
received a Master's degree and was a superintendent of schools. Kay Leet graduated from Iowa State
Teachers College (now University of Northern Iowa) with a Bachelor of Arts in teaching. She taught
elementary school for a few years and then she was a stay at home mom once she had Kimberly.
Then once Kimberly was older, Kay

The Value of a College Degree
For many families, the idea that higher education for themselves or their children will automatically
improve their social or economic status is a common one. In many situations this can be the case,
however it is not universal. Additionally, many factors come into play when analyzing how
intergenerational mobility does or does not occur. Some of these factors include existing social
class, field of study, undergraduate vs. advanced degrees, race or gender, selection of institution, and
parental resources. The general hypothesis of this study is "Is a College Degree Still the Great
Equalizer?"
This issue was the source of study by Florencia Torche at New York University. Using different
cohort groups and conducting various survey methods, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, this intergenerational status association is weaker among women. In the case of earnings
mobility, a similar U–shaped pattern emerges. In cases of earnings distribution, those at the extreme
ends of educational distribution show the strongest association (i.e. individuals with less than a
college degree and advanced degree holders) indicating, "a college degree appears to still be a great
equalizer among BA holders but not among advanced–degree holders" (Torche, 2011). So far, the
analysis of intergenerational mobility as it relates to class, occupational status, and earnings has
been restricted to labor market forces.
When family income mobility is studied, other factors are taken into account such as non–
occupational resources and family–level processes. Specific examples that were taken into account
included parental transfers of wealth and intergenerational reproduction as it relates to occupational
mobility. While the results of this area of study closely resemble previously discussed results, one
interesting point emerges. "The influence of parental income on sons' income level is substantial
among those without a college degree, it declines to insignificance among college graduates, and
then it regains strength among advanced degree holders..." (Torche, 2011). This brings to light the
issue of horizontal

Social Inequality And Its Impact On Academic Achievement
The American Dream is built on one thing, social mobility. It is this that allowed one to come here
with nothing and go from poor to middle class and beyond. It is what has defined us as a nation for
so long and it is what drew so many of millions of immigrants to our shores. But as the social wealth
gap grows larger and larger we must ask ourselves where this opportunity has gone for so many.
Why is it that so many are failing to achieve this once so imaginable dream? What is causing the
decrease in social mobility? Although it is tempting to say, and believe, that social mobility is a
separate entity from social equality, statistics have shown otherwise. According to "The Atlantic,"
research done by Elise Gould of the Economic Policy Institute shows that social inequality is the
leading cause in the hindrance of social mobility. Decades of social research has shown that a
person's socioeconomic status has the greatest impact on their academic achievement. We all agree
that proper education is one's greatest tool to social upward mobility. My own grandmother and
great grandmother went to school together at night when their store was closed because they knew
that education was their greatest asset. Therefore, we must take extra care when it comes to
academia and what causes academic success. It is this factor that makes one's socioeconomic status
so important. This is why we can't say social mobility is the problem and not social inequality, for
they are inextricably

Cultural Capital, Or A Lack Thereof, Can Give Insight Into...
Cultural capital, or a lack thereof, can give insight into someone's socio–economic status.
Throughout our relationship, Germeka has asked me a lot about my experience at college. She asks
questions like how much it cost to go to college, how I pay for it, if my parents send me money, and
if I have a job. The first time we discussed college she asked me if I got paid to be a student at
UNC–Chapel Hill (Reflection 1) At first, I was shocked that she thought I got paid to go to college,
to me that does not even seem logical. However, this is a clear example of differences in cultural
capital between the varying socio–economic statuses. Other than previous mentors, I am not sure
how many college–educated people Germeka has had genuine ... Show more content on
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I applied to college because I had grown up around people who went to college, I saw my brothers
go through the application process, I went to a school that pushed everyone to take classes that
prepared you for a higher education, and many other factors. I gained cultural capital from my
location in my family, class and school. However, Germeka has clearly not been exposed to similar
capital as I had been at her age. This lack of cultural capital could keep her from applying to college
for many reasons. She may not apply or attempt to attend college out of anxiety over the cost if she
doesn't know about financial aid and loans, or ignorance that your grades in high school effect your
ability to attend a university, or even just general knowledge about the application process, such as
making a resume, being involved in clubs or knowing to take the SAT. College and higher education
provides opportunities that would potentially allow Germeka to come out of the lower class and get
a job outside of the blue–collar sector. The lack of experiences and cultural capital that Germeka has
is evident in our interactions and could potentially limit the opportunities of her life. Social capital
also plays a role in Germeka's experiences and opportunities and can account for some of our
interactions. Relationships and social–ties influence a person's decisions, expectations and
opportunities for advancement. Like I said before, the amount of people Germeka

The American Dream In Jeannette Walls's The Glass Castle
Comedian George Carlin once stated, "That's why they call it the American Dream, because you
have to be asleep to believe it." Financial security, freedom to live how one chooses, retiring at 65
and living comfortably in old age, owning a home, knowing that working hard pays off: these are all
fundamental beliefs tied to the American Dream. As newer generations are increasingly finding the
dream to be unrealistic, people are beginning to abandon the concept; however it is still a very
present ideology. While many believe the American Dream is a lively goal that everyone strives to
achieve, it is actually a dying illusion that is unattainable for all but the wealthiest and used to
propagate a classist society, causing a cycle of ignorance ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The purpose of the American dream is not to promise success as a reward for hard work; conversely,
it is the idea that individuals should be able to achieve success despite their socioeconomic status.
This belief is intended to inspire and create equality. Although the American Dream sounds
optimistic in concept, it further propagates inequality in practice.
The American Dream is not a function of ability and achievement, but a dying illusion. America is
not truly the land of the free, but an ignorant classist society. Gregory Clark, an economics professor
at the University of California, Davis, stated that "America has no higher rate of social mobility than
medieval England or pre–industrial Sweden ... That's the most difficult part of talking about social
mobility – it 's shattering people 's dreams" (qtd. in Evans). The United States has an incredibly
outdated economic system that does not allow disadvantaged citizens opportunities regardless of
how hard they work. People get stuck in their social status and are not able to stray out of it, which
affects their further generations. Additionally, immigrants coming to America in hopes of prosperity
are likely to have even less luck than immigrants of the pass and widen the gap of social inequality.
Clark continues to state, "The truth is that the American Dream was always an illusion. Blindly
pursuing

Social Mobility In Sport
Throughout generations, social mobility has become something everyone wants to attain in their
lifetime. Through social mobility comes a better and more stable life. There are many ways to
achieve maximum mobility, which include getting a higher education and reducing risk in your life.
There are also a lot of myths towards this concept that has been portrayed by the media and one of
the myths is the social mobility gained by a person playing a sport. Americans in today's world
believe that sports are the path we should take to have full financial and social flexibility. Examples
leading to this conclusion are obvious as we see kids from poor areas escalate their nobility and
capital through their abilities to compete in sports. From the million–dollar contracts and
endorsement deals, the ideology behind being an athlete is that your social mobility will rise, but
many statistics will prove otherwise. Although it is possible for athletes to gain revenue and fame,
the overall ideology of sports of gaining maximum social flexibility from being involved in a sport
is a myth.
Before continuing about the myths of social mobility and the ideology behind sports, readers need to
be able to understand the true meanings behind these two words. In the book "Sport in Society" by
Jay Coakley, he begins to define social mobility by stating, "Social mobility is regarded as changes
in wealth, education and occupation over a person's lifetime or from one generation to the next"
(Coakley

Socioeconomic Mobility And Social Mobility
In the United States, there is a imaginary finish line wanting to be met by its people. Living like the
privileged strives people towards working harder to meet that goal, but the amount of hard work
being invested into the bigger picture does not really mean you will make it. It is shown that a low
percentage of the average hard working person meets the one percent that owns more than half the
money circulated within the U.S (Beeghley 2008). Social mobility, where it all begins is taken into
account from the day a person is born based on the social class their parent or parents are under or
above on the ladder. According to the text there are five factors in social mobility those are
intergenerational, upward and downward social mobility, structural and exchange mobility. In
chapter eight point four a women by the name of Janice was expressed in the text as a women who
joined the intergenerational group who made it to an upward social mobility due to her college
experience and degrees earned meeting the change in social class from one generation to the next on
the account of her single mother who worked under a toyota dealership (lopoo and DeLeire 2012).
She so happened to be born when the economy was booming and was given an abundance of
opportunity within businesses and colleges were looking for women with a working class
background. Janice later goes on to owning her own business. The chances of being born when
opportunity is great is by chance, those born during

My Beautiful Laundrette By Stephen Frear
Stephen Frear's film, My Beautiful Laundrette portrays the struggle of intersecting sexuality,
ethnicity, class, race and power. Omar, son of a Pakistani immigrant, is attracted to Johnny, a white
English male. Their attraction and the subsequent relationship is looked down upon, both in England
and Pakistan. Omar works for his uncle who lets him take over a laundrette in London while Johnny
is initially unemployed and eventually works for Omar. Together, they make the laundrette a
successful business venture and a place where they can freely express their desire for each other.
The film seeks to highlight a progressive society in England during Margaret Thatcher's
entrepreneurship and opportunism era (Mohanram 1996). Britain ... Show more content on
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The accountants building is more like a watchdog and a representation of how the events that unfold
inside and around the laundrette are all part of the new liberal Britain. Nasser refers to the laundrette
as a place where Omar can "use a little water to clear his brain." What was crowding Omar's mind
when he was merely a young man waiting to go to college with seemingly nothing to bother him?
The scene suggests the presence of something that "oppresses" Omar and the presence of the
laundrette as a refuge, a place for him to "clear his brain"–a space where queer bodies can express
their desire. The sounds of water in the background echoes this. Water is used to represent
"cleansing, life, and freedom" in films (Shane Brown 2016). The sound of water in the laundrette
becomes "a symbol of characters in stories handling difficult life scenarios, a symbol of power in
stories and can free characters as well as claim them"(ibid). The laundrette is equivalent to what
Gopinath describes as the diaspora–" a space of freedom" (Gopinath pg 14). In the next scene, I'm
going to analyze, we see Johnny from a high angle shot, finishing the renovation the laundrette, now
called Powders. The word powders can be translated to mean fine, dry particles produced by the
grinding, crushing, or disintegration of a solid substance (Oxford Dictionary). Johnny and Omar can

Summary Of Structural Oppression In In Search Of Respect
According to Bourgois, structural oppression affected Primo and Caesar's life through the various
nuances they had to go through at a young age. Structural Oppression is prominently shown within
In Search of Respect in many different ways but one of the most apparent moment is when Bourgois
talks about the district itself. In chapter two, he essentially states that the district is so overpopulated
that the services weren't able to support it and as a result of the overwhelming poverty at that
location, crime is able to overrun it. Due to their lackluster education and social standing it results in
a poor childhood which eventually lends to the idea of "street culture". According to Bourgois in his
introduction he states that street culture emerges out of a personal search for dignity, rejection of
racism and subjugation, and that it eventually becomes an active agent in personal degradation and
community ruin. Since street culture in that region is typically involved in crime, most of the
children there have experienced or caused crime at one point in their lives and as a result they
develop a sort of social identity based around it. This social identity is all based on survival. As a
result of growing around crime, both Primo and Caesar understand how tough it is to survive in East
Harlem and they are willing to do whatever it takes to achieve the stability that is "living". Despite
society having a preconceived notion that they are drug dealers due to the area that they

Thesis For The American Dream
The American Dream. The inspiration for the middle class, the inspiration for the working class, and
the inspiration for immigrants is slipping away. Thomas Jefferson's conceived idea of the American
people's right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness has almost entirely disappeared from the
modern day. Income inequality is holding people hostage within their class, social support for failed
dreams is being stripped, and the cost of higher education is at an all–time high. The accessibility of
higher education has been diminished by a failing public school system in many cities and states
which sets students behind other prospects from the day they were born. The failures of the elites in
America have become a social problem supported by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The attitude of many Americans has plagued any progress in the issues of income inequality, social
support systems, and education throughout the country. The individualistic thinking of Americans
and the refusal of socialist approaches to easily solvable problems has just played into the hands of
those who control the lawmaking of the United States. The American Dream may be alive in the
hearts of some, and some Americans may think they will be millionaires one day through hard work
and determination, but that just is not the realistic fate anymore. Understanding that many of these
issues come from societal problems and lack of laws protecting those who need it most is the first
step that needs to be taken in bringing the American Dream back. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness are not available to everyone anymore, but it is much available to a select few. The
citizens of this country cannot take risks anymore, cannot trust their government to make decisions
that will help them instead of an extremely slim portion of the population, and cannot achieve the
famous American

Why Is The American Dream Important In The Great Gatsby
As time goes by, the American Dream seems to slip further out of reach for many Americans. The
American Dream is the idea that every citizen, through hard work, can achieve financial stability.
Contrary to this belief, many Americans each year find themselves in debt and out of work after
years of hard work and dedication. The United States, which was once referred to as the Land of
Opportunity, has found itself lacking in profitable opportunities in spite of the efforts of the people
who built this country. This deterioration of the American Dream is due to lack of opportunities and
low job security, low wages in comparison to the cost of living, and the consumer mindset that rules
the nation.
Low job security and diminishing opportunities ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Much like the adulterous wife of George Wilson, materialistic desire drives many individuals.
Myrtle's affair with a wealthy man revolved around what he could buy for her. During their first
recorded encounter, she goes shopping and buys various expensive things, including a dog and a
diamond–studded dog collar (Fitzgerald 27). She purchased the most expensive things, as though
she had made a list before meeting with him. Her love for possessions and wealth overshadowed her
loyalty to her husband and her self–respect. America currently has the highest rate of resource
consumption in the world. Things are being bought faster than money can make it to the bank. With
technological advances, including social media and online shopping websites, the purchasing goods
and services constantly fills the thoughts of Americans. In an essay by William Zinsser, he explains
that "advertisements and TV commercials are a hymn to American success." He goes on to say that
"magazine articles are a toast to people who made it to the top." Society worships money and
success. This worshipping of money convinces people to temporarily forget the number in their
bank account. People find themselves further behind than

The Land Of Opportunity By Loewen
Millennials form the majority of the United States population, outnumbering Baby Boomers by
eleven million. Higher education is now more crucial for securing a middle–class lifestyle than ever
before, yet for the majority, the cost for a bachelor's degree has become prohibitively expensive. In
"The Land of Opportunity", Loewen contends that high school education methodically avoids a
critical dialogue of socioeconomic inequality in America. The social class to which a student
belongs greatly influences their capacity for upward mobility. If higher education is a requirement
for improved economic status, then students in the lower class are already disadvantaged. Loewen
quotes Theodore Sizer, "If you are the child of low–income parents, the chances are good that you
will receive limited and often careless attention from adults in your high school" (qtd. in Loewen,
203). High school students cannot look to the classroom to prepare them for real world power
dynamics. If left to their own devices, adolescents may be influenced by skewed allegories in
fictional entertainment media. Parents must use educational resources to prompt critical thinking
about socioeconomic inequality in order to prepare America's youth for securing their futures.
Though there may be little to no exposure to these ideas in the classroom, students will encounter
them as they consume mass entertainment media. Social class disparity has long been a reoccurring
theme in film. Adolescents and young adults

Class Rigidity and Social Mobility
In late eighteenth and early nineteenth century England there was a sort of moral 'code' of behavior
and standards that are to be maintained by the middle and upper classes of society. Austen
realistically mirrors this 'code' through the characters and plots of her novels while showing that
social flexibility was narrow and class boundaries were strict. The topics of class stringency and
social mobility are important areas in Jane Austen's literature. We begin to see that Austen is not a
revolutionary as she supports and preserves the morals and customs of societies hierarchy. However
she often encourages and backs the emergence of new wealth permitting greater social mobility. In
Austen's world the naval and 'tradesmen' professions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The narrative also pokes fun at Anne's father, Sir Walter Elliot for being imprudent with his money.
This suggests that Wentworth is more favorable to support Anne than Sir Walter, even though he
thinks himself highly superior to Wentworth. After Frank Churchill arrives in town Emma takes him
to shop at Ford's and says "You will be adored in Highbury. You were very popular before you came,
because you were Mr. Weston's son–" (Austen, Emma, 155). Mr. Weston was a former army captain
and earned enough money to buy his own land putting him in a higher social situation. This
quotation shows that not only is Mr. Weston associated with Highbury, he is held in high regard
there. Frank Churchill is also a very wealthy man of the trade and because of his known wealth he is
the talk of Highbury society. Through satire of the high–class society (Sir Walter), and through
approval and regard for navy and 'trade' professions as a means of social mobility, Austen shows that
the current social structure is moderately changing for the better.
Although there are benefits of social mobility from new wealth peoples and patrons, tradition in
maintaining class structure is imperative and belonging to a class should be accompanied with
finances. After Mr. Elton proposes to Emma, the narrator attempts to understand Mr. Elton's
motives.
Perhaps it was not fair to expect him to feel how very much he was her inferior in talent, and all the
elegancies

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