Cross River Gorilla Research Paper

Cross River Gorilla Research Paper
Cross River Gorilla Background The Cross River Gorilla is the most endangered of all African apes
due to reasons such as poaching, habitat destruction, and a lost of genetic diversity through
inbreeding that have been researched for years. As of right now, only about 250–300 individuals
exist. The common name of the mammal I have chosen is "Cross River Gorilla", however, the
scientific name that has been given to this mammal is Gorilla gorilla diehli. Characteristics of the
Cross River Gorilla include: they are herbivores, have a lifespan of 30–50 years, range from 4–5.5
feet in height, weigh up to 440 pounds, have a top speed of 25 mph, and typically live in lowland
rainforests within the Congo basin. The Cross River Gorilla is located
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Essay about Zoos: The Importance of Animal Concervancy
An Old World monkey, the Wolf's guenon has been categorized as "one of the most colorful,
graceful, and lively monkeys in Africa" (The San Diego Zoo, Mammals: Guenon). This monkey is
an African native and has many different names. Most commonly called the Wolf's guenon, this
species of monkeys has also been called Wolf's Mona monkey and by its scientific name
Cercopithecus wolfi. The Wolf's guenon is typically a medium–sized monkey. The mammal can be
60 inches from head to tail and weigh 6 to 9 pounds, on average (Zoo Atlanta, Wolf's Guenon).
Usually males are larger than females and can weigh up to twice as much. Although usually smaller
in size, the female Wolf's guenon must be physically strong, especially for reproduction. On
average, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, it has been studied that when the Wolf's guenon's top predator (the eagle) attacks one of
the monkeys, the rest of the group flee from the trees and spend more time on the ground. A diurnal
species, the Wolf's guenon is active during the day. The monkeys use this time to forage, explore,
and reproduce (The Primata, Wolf's Monkey (Cercopithecus wolfi)). The Wolf's guenon is primarily
known for its large cheek pouches. The monkeys use these pouches to store food, which can almost
hold as much as its stomach can (The San Diego Zoo, Mammals: Guenon).
During its daytime adventures, the Wolf's guenon rarely explores alone. Usually in troops of twelve
or more, the monkeys have to have various ways to communicate to ensure safety and proximity.
There are many different calls the monkeys use to communicate. One of the calls is known as a
sneeze call. This call resembles the sound of a sneeze and is used to send out a warning alarm to the
troop. Another way these monkeys communicate is through staring. When a Wolf's guenon is staring
at another Wolf's guenon or any other animal, it means that the monkey is trying to display a
threatening countenance through intimidation (The Primata, Wolf's Monkey (Cercopithecus wolfi)).
The Wolf's guenon's behavior is very interesting in the topic of reproduction. Within the troops of
twelve, there is usually one male and

Waaqa, Islam, And The Swahili Tribe
When one thinks of Africa they usually think of a desert with primitive tribes, but that is not all that
Africa holds. The continent of Africa is diverse. The food for example is very diverse. The religion
in Africa is diverse, and the environment in Africa is diverse.
Food in Africa is very diverse. The Baka, whom live in the rainforest, eat a diet of mostly starch,
like plantains and yams, as well as certain meat, like antelope, care rats, and forest buffalo, and fish.
All meat they eat is either roasted or boiled; large animals are usually boiled with chilli peppers and
palm oil. They also eat seasonal food such as seeds from forest mangoes in July and caterpillars in
August. The Swahili tribe's diet is highly spiced with African, Middle ... Show more content on
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The Sahara desert include quite a lot of sand, such as sand dunes, and sand sheets, in fact sand dunes
and sheets cover approximately 25% of the desert. The Sahara also includes oasis depressions and
shallow basins that fill seasonally; the climate is dry and subtropical. The Saraha's wildlife includes
over 300 species of birds but vegetation is sparse and include mostly shrubs grasses and a few trees.
The Savanna is a tropical wet and dry biome, and includes around 2 million plant eating large
mammals, with about 45 species of mammals, and almost 50 species of birds. It also includes
approximately 55 species of acacia trees. As well as the acacia trees plant life also includes grasses–
as the savanna could also be classified as a grassland– and more trees. The Swahili Coast, it has very
fertile land beyond the coast which is perfect for certain crops such as rice, citrus, cardamom,
peppers, cloves, cinnamon, and coconut palms. It also include very dense mangrove trees. The
animal life on the Swahili Coast includes, about 50 species of mammals, and 200 species of birds.
The indigenous species on the Swahili Coast are very limited

Apes Vs Gorillas Research Paper
What two animals are like humans, but different from each other? Are Apes different from Gorillas?
Are Gorillas more like humans than Apes? Apes is not the same animal as Gorillas. Gorillas are
more like humans, but they are the hairy version of humans.
First, Apes and Gorillas have a lot of characteristics, and features. An average Ape is 5 feet, 8
inches, or 5 feet, 9 inches. Apes have 2 legs, but they use their arms as 2 extra pair of legs, medium
size muscles, 5 fingers of each hand, and 5 toes on each foot. Apes can be many colors black, tanish,
and dark brown. An average Ape weighs 150 lbs. Apes are classified as Mammals. An average
Gorilla is 6 feet, and 2 inches. Gorillas have 2 legs, really big muscles, 2 arms, 5 fingers on each
hand, and 5 toes on each foot. Gorillas can be many colors white, light silver, black, dark brown,
and grey. An average Gorilla weighs 350 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Apes eat fruit when they are on a diet. Apes eat vegetation during their diet. Apes eat birds during
their diet. Apes eat small mammals during a diet. Apes eat insects during a diet. Gorillas eat so much
of vegetation when on a diet. Gorillas eat fruit when on a diet. Gorillas don't drink a lot of water
because, they eat so much vegetation. Gorillas eat termites when they are on a diet. Gorillas also eat
caterpillars too ( Diane K. Brockman. Gorillas). Finally, You are probably thinking what kind of
climates do Apes, and Gorillas have to live through, and where they live. Apes live in jungles all
over the world. Apes live at zoos all over the world too. Also, Apes live in Africa in the rainforests.
Apes live in hot climates so they are probably sweating all the time. Plus, Apes habitats are
endangered. Gorillas live in wet, and warm climates. Gorillas live at zoos all over the world. Also,
Gorillas live in Africa too. Lastly, Gorillas live in jungles all over the world ( Diane K. Brockman.

Anatomy of a Giraffe
Anatomy of a Giraffe
BIO/101
06/19/2012
Audrey Stevenson Ref. Mammal Anatomy 2010 Marshall Cavendish Corporation The Giraffe is
perhaps one of the most iconic species of Africa and to the mysteries and intrigue that lie within the
confines of evolution. The purpose of this paper is to explain how this wonderful, iconic organism
has evolved physiologically to be suited to its' environment. In this paper we will be discussing the
elements that best describe its' evolutionary progress. The areas we will be covering include the
Skeletal System, the Digestive and Excretory System, and small parts of the Circulatory System.
But first we will start with the evolution of the Giraffe, what family it belongs to, what some of its ...
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The leaves of the Acacia are protected with long spikes, the giraffes tongue has adapted to curl
around these spikes and pick the vegetation from them and should their tongues come into contact
with these spikes, they do little harm due to the reinforced surface of the tongue. The vegetation is
then swallowed down to the first stomach and is pushed back up afterwards by immensely powerful
muscles in the esophagus where the cud, as it is called, is chewed further. Afterward it is swallowed
again and channeled into another stomach where bacteria breaks down the cud and transforms it into
protein. A giraffes tongue is a significant example of adaptation and evolution in the most basic
means of survival: feeding. The last significant features of evolutionary adaptation are certain
aspects of the circulatory system of the giraffe. For its size, the giraffe skull is remarkably light. Its
strongest point in the skull is the top of it which is reinforced to support the ossicones, the hornlike
structures that sit atop the skull. The skull is light because it houses a very large nasal cavity. This is
the first area in a very important respiration. The cavity has to be large enough to ensure significant
airflow to be pushed down a median of 10 feet to very large lungs. While there are no

Out of Africa Theory
"Out of Africa Theory"
The Out of Africa Theory is a widely renown theory describing the origin of the human race and
their early dispersal throughout the world. According to this theory, humans have a monogensis, or a
single and common origin; Africa. The concept was first introduced in 1871 by Charles Darwin but
was deliberated for years until further studies of mitochondrial DNA and evidence "based on
physical anthropology of archaic specimens" was added.
During the early 19th century, scientists, archeologist and other scholars, speculated, studied and
disagreed about the development of humans and our origins. Some experts theorized that humans
are monogenism and developed into various varieties of species. Others argue that we ... Show more
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During the 1980s, three specialists, Allan Wilson, Rebecca Cann and Mark Stoneking, worked
together on another theory that supports Charles Darwin's speculation, the "Mitochondrial Eve"
hypothesis. In these tests, the scientists solemnly focused on mitochondrial DNA, human genes that
lay within the cell and are passed from mother to child. These genes allow mutation, as they mutate
quickly for adaptation, thus allowing those studying to find and track changes during short time
periods. By focusing on these genes and comparing their differences, the three scientists were able
to create a hypothesis about the time and place when modern humans began to evolve. According to
their findings, they believe that modern humans are decentants from a single population, while
earlier humans e.g. Neandertals and Homo erectus, had become extinct. Furthermore, the team
compared the DNA of numerous people of differerent ethnic backgrounds and concluded that all
humans did indeed evolve from 'one mother' in Africa about 150,000 years ago.
According to physical evidence, and theories, scholars have concluded upon a whole hypothesis.
Based on their knowledge and belief, modern humans diverged from Homo sapiens between
200,000 and 150,000 years ago specifically in Africa, that between 125,000 and 60,000 years ago
members of Homo sapiens left Africa, and that these

Mr Lion Owned A Garden In The Savanna
Mr. Lion owned a beautiful garden in the savanna. His garden was teeming with zebras, antelope,
elephants, and giraffes. They worked in the garden all day long making sure the ferns and trees were
groomed to perfection. Mr. Lion was very protective of his garden and it's workers. The workers
were very important to him. Without them he was nothing. If anyone were to try to get away he'd
surely send the hyenas. In his mind, anyone would be crazy to try and run away. His garden was the
best, was it not?
However, one day while Lil' Antelope was tending to the zebras, she overheard the giraffes talking
about a garden somewhere else in the savanna. The young giraffe said, "Are ya sure? This garden is
rather beau'ful. Ain't it?"
The older giraffe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That there Star Tree is...was the only one of it's kind! How could y'all let this happen? Y'ur job was
ta guard the garden! Was that so hard," he screamed as he looked at the fallen tree. The next step of
their plan was for Lil' to disguise herself. They all knew the risks of running away. If Mr. Lion saw
that she was trying to run away, there was a significant chance that he could send the hyenas after
her or even chase her himself. Both of which would result in the worst of punishments. Lil' was a
fast runner and she could definitely outrun the hyenas. If the hyenas were sent after her then they
would have to rely on their sense of smell to find her, for she would be far ahead of them. The only
way to trick the hyenas was by covering herself head to toe in zebra manure, thus covering her
scent. Once she was disguised she took off towards the edge of the garden where she would be
covered by the tall grasses and trees. She was almost at the edge when she heard the wicked cries of
the hyenas. Mr. Lion had seen her and she was going to get caught. She tried to find somewhere to
hide. She had underestimated the speed of the hyenas and they were definitely catching up to her.
Suddenly, she heard the roar of Mr. Lion echoing through the trees. He had come after

The Gazelle Against The Leopard Analysis
The Gazelle against the Leopard Living in the desolated environment of Africa, there stood a
leopard named Leo. Leo is the smallest, yet fastest of them all. Without a doubt, he beats the lion,
jaguar, and tiger. Leo is always looking for preys to hunt every day. He hunts and feeds off of small
hoofstock, such as impala, wildebeest, deer, and gazelle. Leo and his kind live on dry parched trees
in the grasslands of Africa. When Leo hunts, he often brings his prey up to the branches of the tree
to eat them. Leopards are always assumed to catch their prey with ease; however, Leo differs from
the rest of his kind. Leo is always active at night, which makes him a nocturnal animal. Throughout
the day, Leo and his kind rest in trees and bushes. Most leopards, like Leo, prefer to live alone
because they are solitary. Since Leo hunts alone, hunting is difficult for him because gazelles tend to
travel in herds. Every attempt that Leo makes at his prey, Leo gets hurt from the long horns of the
innocent gazelles. He has to chase his prey because the gazelle could run up to thirty miles per hour.
Without a doubt, Leo could easily reach the speedy gazelles because he is the fastest animal of ...
Once the gazelle makes eye contact with Leo, He panics and quickly decides to run for his life.
Having to not scare the young gazelle, Leo makes an agreement with this gazelle. With open ears,
the gazelle agrees to Leo's offer of not having to worry about predators, like Leo, in the grass lands
for a while. If the innocent gazelle decides to agree with Leo's offer, He would have to introduce
Leo to the other gazelles in the herd. The gazelle goes to tell his herd about the relieving offer, Leo
gave to him. And in a short period of time, the gazelle has to return with an answer, or Leo hunts
each gazelle one by one. With a relief, the gazelles will not have to worry about predators, which are
after them in the grass

Elephant Shrew Research Paper
ANIMALS I SAW
THIS
SUMMER
The Elephant Shrew
The Elephant Shrew is a type of shrew native to Africa. Their order is Macroscelidea and their
family is Macroscelididae. They have scaly tails and elongated snouts which gives them their
resemblance to elephants. Their legs, which are long for their size, are used for hopping around,
much like a rabbit. They use their noses and snouts to find prey such as spider, centipedes,
millipedes, earthworms, and insects.
The Black and White Colobus Monkey
The Black and White Colobus Monkey are of the genus Colobus. These monkeys are herbivores and
mostly eat twigs, fruit, leaves, and flowers. They can be found living in primary and secondary
forests, woodland grasslands, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. The name of its species refers to its
camel–like shape and it leopard–like colors. They range all over Africa from Chad to the South
Africa to Niger and to Somalia. They live in savannas, grasslands, and open woodlands. They
primarily feed on acacia leaves. They find food at heights untouched by smaller animals.
The Mhorr Hazelle
The Mhorr Gazelle is a species gazelle that live in the Sahara Desert and the Sahel of Africa. It is a
critically endangered species and due to overhunting and habitat loss, their natural populations only
remain in Chad, Mali, and Niger. It lives in grasslands, shrubland, semi–deserts, open savanna, and
mountain plateaus. They eat shoots, fruits, grasses, and leaves. They are particularly fond of acacia
leaves.
Southern White Rhinoceres
The Southern white rhinoceros is the most common and widespread rhinoceros in the world, having
a population of 17,640 in the wild. It is threatened by habitat loss, the high illegal demand of its

horn, and ongoing poaching. It has been part of small reintroduction projects over the years in many
places of the world, mostly in countries in

Speech About Wild Dogs
The Wild Dogs, also scientifically called " Lycaon pictus" , are one of the most imperiled mammals
on earth, being distant cousins of wolves. South Africa has its largest population and the southern
part of East Africa. Wild Dogs are carnivorous species that travel in groups of ten, but some may be
more that forty. They live in packs of six to twenty, the dog's habitats are usually in dense forests to
open plains, where there are mostly sand, and very few plants. The gestation is about 2.5 months
old. They are native to the sub–saharan desert where their preys live. Like most predators, the dogs
eliminate the ill and weak animals in the ecosystem, maintaining a balance in the environment and
improving the prey species. During the 1970's and 80's, this specie was considered vulnerable. In
1994 the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The African Wildlife Foundation helps work with a diversity of species and work to ensure the
wildlife. The foundation is working to investigate the major threats and and challenges facing the
dogs to help give them the best protection. If people and wildlife learn to live together, the density
will increase and the future for all will thrive. A solution would be using sniffer dogs to prevent
poaching and humans attacking the animals, as well as constructing an enclosure for animals that
will protect livestock from predators. As an individual citizen, I can do small services that may have
a vast effect on the ecosystem for Wild Dogs such as having a fundraiser at my school. This can help
collect money to build up the Wild Dogs habitat and give it a protected area to survive in. Supported
research of the existent animal, can help track the movement and life cycle of the animals and
monitoring it, and therefore, we can provide farmers with data showing them that wild dogs don't
pose a threat to the environment and that killing them should be

Guns Germs And Steel Chapter Summary Of Blood Diamond
In this chapter, Diamond examines if humans on one continent had an advantage over others by
examining the evolution and spread of humans to other continents. Diamond first examines human
origin around 7 million years ago when a population of African apes evolved into some of the
earliest humans. This evolutionary process occurred and remained in Africa until around 1.5 million
years ago when Homo erectus spread beyond Africa. By about .5 million years ago, human
populations had differentiated with Neanderthals in Europe, relatively modern structured humans in
Africa, and humans different from both in East Asia. It wasn't until 50,000 years ago when
biologically and behaviorally modern humans ,the Cro–Magnons , appeared did humans advanced
from crude stone tools to multipiece tools, sewn clothing, arts, and boats. ... Show more content on
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Consequently, the Great Leap also allowed for the colonization of Australia and nearby islands with
watercrafts causing many megafaunas to be hunted to extinction. While the megafauna could have
gone extinct due to a severe drought, Diamond finds it unlikely for creatures that survived previous
droughts to die ,soon after the arrival of humans , in all

Guns Germs And Steel Summary
Grayson Peters Mr. Busby AP European History, Period 2 26 December 2014 In Guns, Germs, and
Steel: The Fates of Human Societies, Jared Diamond explains why throughout history the people of
Eurasia have politically and economically dominated the rest of the world. With an American's
perspective and his extensive study of geography, Diamond argues that the geography of Eurasia,
not the assumed innate superiority of the Eurasian people, is responsible for Eurasian dominance. I
agree with his thesis as a general statement about the development of civilizations, but I believe it is
an incomplete view of history. Diamond believes that the East/West axis of Eurasia was critical for
the dominance of Eurasian civilizations. The East/West axis ... Show more content on
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A few sections in Guns, Germs, and Steel most clearly illustrate Diamond's thesis and supporting
evidence. To begin, the chart on page 87 detailing the "chains of causation" clearly illustrates
Diamond's theory that the Eurasian East/West axis allowed for plant and animal diversity, thus
allowing for the growth and development of complex societies that could conquer the rest of the
world. Next, the chart at the bottom of page 162 clearly shows that Eurasia had the most
domesticateable mammals, proving that the people of Eurasia had more animals that could be used
for farming, labor, and food. Last, the chart at the bottom of page 207 lists the most deadly Eurasian
diseases, including measles, tuberculosis, and smallpox, in order to prove that these and other
diseases, which devastated native populations worldwide, were spread from Eurasian animals to
humans. While the rest of the book is very informative, the bulk of Diamond's claim is effectively
summarized on the above

Big Bear Research Paper
Bears are strong and protective. What is big and strong and is one of the most productive animals at
the zoo? Bears, a type of omnivore, are very big and protect and feed their cubs. Bears are one of the
most worldwide animals in the world. Bears have different tastes of their food, but it depends what
bear species it is. They often tend to be peaceful and solitary in life, but when the bears are hunting
they tend to be aggressive and fierce. Bears will eat different kinds of plants and berries. Bears will
also eat meat, insects and honey. Bears tend to live in caves that are in forests, mountains, and
plains. Most bears have large and round heads. Some bears have small and flat heads. Big and
strong, the bear's appearance will describe it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All bears have different behaviors because of their size, their mood, and during hibernation. Another
reason some bears get moody is because someone disturbed their territory (Beard). During
hibernation of bears, the bears are in a hurry for food so they will be fierce when they find
something they can feed on (Wexo). When there is no food for the bears, they will sometimes eat the
cubs which would make the mother so mad that she would make a male not want to deal with her
(Wexo). The Polar bear is the most aggressive bear because there are no berries or plants to feed on
where they live, so they will always eat meat and get very mad, aggressive, and fierce if its prey
started to run away from it (Wexo). The Sun bear and the Panda bear have something in common.
The Sun and Panda bear both mostly eat plants. The Sun bear mostly eats plants because of its size
and the Panda bear doesn't eat a lot of meat because its favorite food is bamboo (Wexo). Because of
some bears sizes, they mostly eat plants while others just eat meat, some bears are found fierce and
aggressive, but a bear's size don't matter because it is still the same species and if a bear is being
fierce or aggressive it is probably because it has been threatened by an animal or

Ap Guns Germs And Steel
Guns, Germs, and Steel
Chapter 1: "Up to the Starting Line" 1. When did the history of humans begin?
Around 50,000 years ago. "Human history at last took off around 50,000 years ago..." (Page 39)
2. Humans developed on what continent?
Humans developed in Africa. "..., indicates that the earliest stages of human evolution were also
played out in Africa." (Page 36)
3. The Giant Leap forward occurred when?
Around the time human history started, 50,000 years ago.
"Human History at last took off around 50,000 years ago, at the time of what I have termed our
Great Leap Forward. (Page 39)
4. How does Diamond explain the mass extinction of large mammals in some areas?
He explains the existence first and then explains how the dates of their ... Show more content on
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Founder Crops
"...may be thought as farmer crops..." (Page 100)
3. How did Native American hunting and gathering societies become farmers?
They were replaced by European Farmers
"....or largely replaced by arriving European farmers..." (Page 102)
4. People in areas with a head start on food production gained what?
According to page 103, "The people of areas with a head start on food production thereby gained a
head start on the path leading towards guns, germs and steel."
5. The arrival of founder crops enabled local populations to become what?
Sedentary
"The arrival of founder domesticates enabled local people to become sedentary..." (Page 100)
6. What crop was domesticated in Ethiopia before spreading around the globe?
According to the chart on page 100, Coffee and Teff.

Chapter 6: "To Farm or Not to Farm"
1. Food production meant what to hunting and gathering societies?
Having neighbors as farmers and most likely adopting it themselves.
"In some cases the hunter gatherers adopted the neighboring system of food production..." (Page
108)
2. What is a factor that influenced a group to adopt agriculture?
The density of the population grew larger
"A gradual rise in population densities impelled people to obtain more food..."
(Page 111)
3. Why did the transition to food production not happen earlier?
People always dropped the idea of food production
"....food production systems were abandoned in favor of hunting gathering."(Page 109)
4. Hunter–gatherers in

George G Simpson Accomplishments
George G. Simpson George Gaylord Simpson is known as being one of the most influential
empirical paleontologist of the twentieth century due to his crucial contributions in the modern
evolutionary synthesis. He is known for his expertise in extinct mammals and their intercontinental
travels; more specifically, discovering evidence in fossils for the theory of linear evolution in horses.
Furthermore, Simpson is an important figure in the studies of paleontology due to his exceptional
dedication to his career through his education, which is shown through his many achievements
throughout his life. Background Simpson was born in Chicago, on June 6th, 1902, as the youngest
child of three and only son. His father, Joseph A. Simpson, was a successful ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition to enjoying the outdoors as a kid, he credits his interests in Geology back to these family
trips and adventures. At the age of eight, Simpson urged his parents to purchase the eleventh edition
of Encyclopedia Britannica, in which he assisted in the purchase of, and read it from start to finish.
He was exceptional at school and worked through his elementary years with ease, graduating at a
young 11 years of age. In 1918, age 16, Simpson enrolled at the University of Colorado.
Unfortunately, his father lost his mine not soon after, throwing the family into a financial crisis and
he briefly dropped out. When he returned to the university, he stayed until his senior year, but in
1922 he was advised to transfer to Yale for his studies. He finished his AB degree in 1923 and
enrolled in graduate school there to pursue his interests in paleontology. Later that year, despite
Yale's regulations, Simpson secretly married Lydia Petroja. Three years later he earned his Ph.D. in
geology. In a span of six years after his marriage, four daughters were born, but unfortunately, the
marriage ended in divorce in 1932. In 1938, Simpson remarried to psychologist Anne Roe, who was
noted as a childhood friend from Denver, and remained married until his

The Proliferation And The Demise Of Primate Species From...
From the trees to the grasses to the microbes to the animals, all life on earth is interconnected. Just
as the trees are connected to the microbes in the dirt, the climate is connected to every living thing
on this planet. The success of animals has always depended on the success of plants, known as the
producers in the food supply chain. The changing climate has had a powerful effect upon evolution,
including the evolution of primates. This essay explores the proliferation and the demise of primate
species from the Paleocene Epoch to the Miocene Epoch by comparing and contrasting the physical
and behavior differences between the primates of each period and how the ecological conditions of
the period allowed for their selection.
Whereas ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All animals were competing for the food sources that remained, but animals with a lower energy
requirement were favored for in the conditions. The death of the dinosaurs led to the freeing up of
environmental niches that smaller mammals began to fill. Adaptive radiation gave way to numerous
mammals, including the Pleisiadapiforms which are believed to be the earliest proto–primates and
thrived on a diet of fruit, flowers and insect–pollinators (Silcox, 2014). The evolution and
proliferation of angiosperms and the insects that feed off of and pollinated the flowers would
become a valuable food source for primates in the later Epochs. According to Hooker (2005), "the
warm temperatures worldwide gave rise to thick tropical, sub–tropical, and deciduous forest cover
around the globe (the first recognizably modern rainforests," (as cited by New World Encyclopedia,
2008). "With no large grazing dinosaurs to thin them, Paleocene forests were probably denser than
those of the Cretaceous" (New World Encyclopedia, 2008). The beginning of the Eocene Epoch was
a period of continued global warmth and widespread rainforests continued to favor mammals that
fed on plants and insects, including the Adapids and Omomyids. Research done by Gingerich (1980)
indicates that Adapids exhibited sexual dimorphism and were larger than the Omomyids, ranging in
size from .6–8 kg compared to .5g –

Spotted Tailed Quoll Research Paper
Helena Czekalski May 18th, 2018– 3rd The spotted–tailed quoll is an Australia–native carnivore
that inhabits wet forests and eats mostly species like snakes and lizards. As a carnivore, they use
their teeth to slice meat off their prey, and communicate using series of hissing and screeching
noises. The spotted–tailed quoll is brown with white spots on it's torso and tail. Because if it's short
legs, they run slower than most quolls. Males are larger than females but there is almost no
difference in appearance. Spotted–tailed quolls have two subspecies, the Dasyurus maculatus
maculatus and the Dasyurus maculatus gracilis. Both subspecies of the spotted–tailed quoll are
categorized as "near threatened" by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, but the
species as a whole were classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, following dramatic
population losses. The Wildscreen Arkive states on the topic: ... Show more content on
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It is also threatened by predation from introduced species such as foxes, feral cats, domestic cats and
dogs. In Tasmania this species is fully protected and the population has been increasing slowly.
However, the populations on mainland Australia are so fragmented and small that they may be too
small to survive. This species' recovery in Australia depends on a nationally coordinated approach,
with habitat loss, predator control and captive breeding projects all needing to be

Australopithecus Africanus Research Paper
Australopithecus africanus is a species of human like and ape like animal. The Australopithecus
africanus lived primarily in Southern Africa. A man by the name of Raymond dart set out to find one
and he did. "It was half ape and half human, and the skull of a child in Johannesburg, South Africa"
says Brain. Dart chipped and chipped away at the rock containing the skull until eventually he was
able to make out the child's face. The child had a full set of milk teeth and also its permanent molars
in place.
Dart suggested that the skull, teeth, and jaw were closer to that of a humanoid. A humanoid is
something else that has the appearance of a human being. He also noted that the spinal cord was
connected to the brain which means that it

Biodiversity Quiz
Study the information about that biodiversity hotspot that you have chosen.
Then answer the following questions
1. Which biodiversity hotspot did you choose to write about? (Give the name)
The biodiversity I have chosen to write about is defending natures' hotspots for people and
prosperity.
2. Where is it located? (Give the world, region, and country)
The world area where located region called horn of Africa. Information, results show the arid Horn
of Africa has been a renowned source of biological resources for thousand of years.
3. What are two important species (give common and scientific names) that live there? Why are they
important?
The largest biodiversity species which live in the horn of Africa is Diversity and Endemism which
the scientific and the common name called ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
List three other interesting facts that you have learned about this place.
Horn of Africa might be the most conspicuous segment on the Africa map, but only a little is known
about the region. Most people, in fact, know this place it as the region that's always in a consistent
warfare, or that region that's overridden by drought and all sorts of adversities. To clear such
miscalculated assumptions, at the list we have compiles a low down of at list 10 things about this
place, but I want to simply list the three most important points to know about the region ("Horn of
Africa: 10 Facts You Should Know", 2017).
1. Horn of Africa Economy: the economy of this region is mostly dependent on a number of key
export; for example, the economy of Ethiopia depends on coffee, which translates to about 80% its
total exports("Horn of Africa: 10 Facts You Should Know", 2017). Then the economy of Somali
largely depends on livestock and banana accounting for over 50% of its aggregate exports
2. The animals in horn Africa: obviously, this region has over 220 different species of animals.
Among them, we have baboon, Hamadryas, ammodile, desert warthog, the Somali wild ass, and the
Somali pygmy

Different Characteristics Of Forests, Grasslands And Savannas
Grasslands/Savannas
Savannas, also known as tropical grasslands, are open spaces where the vegetation is dominated by
grass. They are found between forests and deserts, where there is the perfect amount of rainfall in
order for this biome to survive. Savannas are located in South America, Africa, India, and Australia.
They have warm temperature the whole year, and there are two different seasons, a dry winter that
lasts 4–6 months, and a wet summer that lasts 6–8 months. Temperatures in this biome can climb
above 90° F during summer. And during winter, it usually falls to 64° F. The average rainfall is from
20–50 inches per year.
The dry season begins with violent thunderstorms that create strong winds. These factors often
promotes the spread of fires during this season, which causes most animals to migrate to another
area; most of the plants begin to die, with the exception of the ones that have underground storage
organs to help them survive; and the rivers dry up. However, when the rainy season arrives, many
types of grasses grow in the savannas and they easily survive seasonal fires; rivers flow freely; lakes
fill up again; and the animals that migrated will come back to the savanna.
In order to survive, tropical grasslands need the dry. If it rained all year, the area would become a
tropical forest. On the other hand, if it didn't rain at all, then it would become a dessert. In many
savannas a combination of seasonal fires and large numbers of grazing animals

Kombat Research Paper
A southern hairy nosed wombat is a medium sized vertebrate living in the far south of Australia.
This type of wombat has a very strong build, with grey fur and a oval shaped body.
This type of wombat is adapted to digging with flattened claws. length ranges between 75 to 100cm,
its height ranges between 25 to 35cm and its mass ranges between 19 to 32kg.
The koala is a medium sized marsupial living around the eastern and southern coasts of Australia.
The koala has a bear–like appearance with grey–brown fur.
This koala has adapted to living in the canopy of trees.
Length between 70 and 78cm and mass between 6.5 to 12kg.
Physical characteristic similarities– Both these animals are Marsupials meaning the females carry
their babies in little

The Majestic Mammal
It took about five to six years for a Woolly Mammoth Calf to wean from a mother (as cited in
"Columbian Mammoth & Channel Island Mammoth"). Mammoths were interesting creatures. They
roamed the earth for thousands of years. They even survived one of the greatest ice ages in Earth's
history. There were many different kinds of mammoths that evolved, and eventually, went extinct.
When one studies the genus of mammuthus, they might want to look at interesting facts, the
different species, how they evolved with their surroundings, and the theories of their extinction.
First, mammoths were an interesting animal. They lived all over the world. At the beginning, they
lived in Eurasia and Africa, but as time went on, they moved over to North America ("About
Mammoths"). Mammoths even roamed the earth from five million to four thousand years ago
("Mammoth's Info"). During the ice age, it took the average woolly mammoth calf about five or six
years to wean, and this showed that the cold conditions were tough for the young mammals (as cited
in "Columbian Mammoth & Channel Island Mammoth"). Also, woolly mammoths weren't the only
"woolly" creatures during this time. There were also a species called the woolly rhinoceroses that
existed around the same time ("10 Fascinating Facts about Woolly Mammoths"). African elephants
aren't even that much smaller than woolly mammoths like many people are lead to believe. The
average male woolly mammoth was only about nine to eleven feet

The Unique Social Structure Of Lions In Sub-Saharan Africa
Lions Lions are wild mammals classified under Felidae family of Panthera Genus (like of the other
big cats) and assigned a specific name Panthera leo. They are found in the Sub–Saharan Africa and
parts of Eurasia. Lions are generalist carnivores with mammals, particularly ungulates as their main
meal. They are referred to as "the king of the jungle" because of their appearance, raw strength and
power, and partly their unique social structure of a pride. An average lion has a 10 to 14 years
lifespan but can live up to 20 years in monitored captivity.
Distribution of Lions
Africa
In Africa, lions are live in the Sub–Saharan region except in the equatorial rain forest and in the
heavily populated regions along the southern coast of the western portion of the continent. Lions are
known to typically thrive in savanna grasslands with scattered Acacia trees where they camouflage
well with the surrounding. However, there are unique desert–adapted lions in the southwestern part
of Africa which have evolved to withstand the harsh environment of the Namib Desert in Namibia.
Most of Africa's wild lions live in Eastern African countries like Kenya and Tanzania as well as the
Southern African countries like South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Zambia.
Eurasia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most lions now live in eastern and southern Africa, and their numbers are rapidly decreasing. The
number of mature lions in West Africa is estimated at 850 to 1,160. Another surviving population is
in northwestern Africa, with approximately 14 to 21 lions. Both the African and Eurasia lions are
under conservation within national parks and game reserves set up to preserve the dwindling
species. However, some lions in Africa occasionally find themselves roaming in residential areas.
Diseases and human interference have proven to be the major challenges in conservation

Bat Research Papers
Have you ever wanted to be a creature of the night? If so, then I think bats are the best choice for
you. Bats are nocturnal, warm–blooded mammals belonging to the order Chiropter, a Greek name
meaning "hand–wing", which describes their unusual feature. The species of bats are divided into
two groups, the Megabats and Microbats. There are over 900 species of bats, living for 10–30 years,
that are discovered and classified. Bats are one of the few fascinating mammals that can take flight,
devour a variety of foods, and can survive almost anywhere.
Bats are the only mammals in the world that can fly. Bat wings are made of two thin layers of skin
stretched over the bat's arms and long, skinny fingers. Their wings go all the way down to the side ...
A majority of bats eat insects such as moths, beetles, gnats, mosquitos, and crickets. Herbivorous
bats will eat fruit, pollen, nectar, and even the petals from flowers. Carnivorous bats will consume
small frogs, lizards, birds, fish, and the occasional blood from animals such as cows or horses.
Using their sixth sense, called echolocation, they project a supersonic cry that reflects off of their
food and back at them. Also they use this ability to navigate through their habitat.
Bats live all over the world, except for some islands, the Artic, and Antarctica. They prefer warmer
climate areas closer to the equator, such as, rainforests, mountains, farmlands, woods, and
cities. In order to survive the harsh cold of winter, they migrate or hibernate. They can sometimes be
seen flying around on warm winter days. Bats roost in trees, caves, mines, barns, or anyplace that
provides shelter from the weather, predators, and to raise their young.
Bats are unique creatures that co–exist with the human race. Bats are the only mammals that
developed the skill to fly. The bats' diets dispose of several annoying insects, maintains plant life,
and keeps certain animal populations from escalating. Bats adapted to almost every part of the globe
like North America, South America, Africa, and Alaska. Next time, try looking outside at dusk to see
if you can spot this creature of the

A Feedback Loop Is A Section Of A Control System Inside An...
A feedback loop is a section of a control system inside an organisms body, that can self–correct to
then change a section of the control system according to difference between the actual/desired set
point. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/feedback+loop There are two types of feedback loops
negative and positive, .They are both occur due to the Stimuli. However negative feedback loops
operate differently then they do in a positive feedback loop. A negative feedback loop is used to
suppress or discontinue the effect of a stimuli. A negative feedback loop occurs when the stimuli
(change in the environment) is detected and a response occurs, to discontinue the Stimuli. For
example the temperature of the human body increases above it's set ... Show more content on
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Biology book, class notes.
Progesterone is a steroid hormone most commonly found in the female reproductive cycle. The
following diagram represents three feedback loops for the menstrual cycle. The blue feedback loop
shows two hormones, FSH and LH, secretion as to begin the growth of the follicle then the
hormones work together to start the estrogen secretion the estrogen then has a negative feedback
from FSH causing it to stop been desecrate. The red feedback loop shows, increased levels of
estrogen occur midpoint in the cycle causing positive feedback to respond on the LH cells in the
pituitary. As LH levels rise ovulation will occur. The purple feedback loop concludes after ovulation
and shows the follicle cells transform into corpus luteum which secrets then builds up progesterone
and estrogen levels forming the endometrial lining the hormones work together and a second
negative feedback signal is sent to allow the release of FSH and LH. The corpus luteum then
deteriorates dropping the production of estrogen and progesterone allowing menstruation to occur.
https://sbi4u2013.wordpress.com/2013/03/03/the–menstrual–cycle–feedback–loop/
The mammal that is equipped to live in dry water conditions (e.g. desert) is mammal 1. Mammal 1
shows the lowest excreation of water through evaporation, urine and faeces. It is

Cinozoic Era Research Paper
The Cenozoic era (65mya to present), the current era of Earth, includes three periods, Paleogene
period (65–23mya), the Neogene period (23–2.58mya), and the Quaternary period (2.6mya–to
present). After, the decline of dinosaurs, mammals took centerstage, and the climate changed
drastically. Paleogene period (65–23mya) is the first period of the Cenozoic era, during this period
most of the Earth's climate was tropical, and the continents of Earth drifted further apart producing
expansive oceans. In addition, invertebrates, fish and reptiles started to evolve into the species we
know today. Towards the end of this period mammals, birds, protozoa, and flowering plants
experienced a distinguishable evolutionary change. Tertiary fossils are used as evidence proving the
existence of the life forms in this period. The second ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the end of the last Ice Age smaller mammals replaced large mammals of the Ice Age. It is proven
through radio carbon dating that during the end of the last Ice Age, humans migrated their way to
what is now England which was in a rapid warming cycle. Again, carbon dating is found by, "The
determination of the age or date of organic matter from the relative proportions of the carbon
isotopes that it contains." The events that began in the Cenozoic era have helped to determine what
flora and fauna exists on Earth today. Concerning the history of the Earth I am ambiguous to all of
the milestones presented based on scientific evidence that are discovered through the use of the law
of superposition, index fossils, radioactivity, and the relative age of a rock. These are seemingly
sound methods to gain more information regarding the Earth's history. However, I am also partial to
the ideology of the bible and cannot yet accept or decline the research I have

Chameleons Research Paper
There are over 1,100 different species of mammals in Africa and over 2,600 species of birds.
Four of the five fastest animals live in Africa – fastest is the cheetah at 70 mph, wildebeest, lion and
Thomson's gazelle all 50 mph.
Butterfly
Having a wingspan of only ½", the smallest butterfly in the world is found in South Africa. It is the
Dwarf Blue Butterfly.
Chameleons
Madagascar is the home of the worlds largest and the smallest chameleons! Almost half of the
worlds chameleon species live on the island of Madagascar.
Elephants
The African elephant is the largest living land mammal.
An elephant can weigh 6 – 7 tons thats a lot and has no natural enemies.
An elephant drinks up to 160 liters of water per day.
An African elephant possesses ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Frogs
The world's biggest frog is found in the Cameroon. Named the goliath frog, their body can be one–
foot long thats almost as long as your fingers to your elbow.
Giraffes
The tongue of a giraffe can be as long as 45cm and its purple.
Giraffes have the same number of vertebrae in their necks as humans, seven in total, but much
larger.
Giraffes are 6ft tall when they are born.
It's thought that the Giraffes neck has grown so long due to the males mating battles. During battle
they whip each other with their necks and heads, the winner and eventual mate usually being the one
landing the harder blows, enhanced by a slightly longer neck.
Goliath Beetle
The world's largest and heaviest beetle, the Goliath Beetle is found in tropical Africa. It can reach a
length of 5 inches and weigh up to ¼ lb. its a big as your hand.

Gorillas
The Gorilla is the largest of the living primates, male gorillas weigh up to 200kg, yet are shy and
retiring vegetarians.
Lions
Lions are unique in that they are the only cats to live in groups (prides). They are the largest member
of the cat family and the largest of all the African carnivores. They are are the top predator in any
African ecosystem where they live. The roar of a lion can be heard over 8 kilometers

North America Research Paper
Hundreds of millions of years ago, all of earth's major landmasses were joined in a single world
continent, which geologists call Pangaea. About 200 million years ago, the world continent split into
a northern and a southern land mass. The northern continent, Neogea, consisted of what is now
North America, Europe, and Asia; the southern continent, Gondwanaland, was made up of South
America, Africa, Australia, India, and Antarctica. About 130 million years ago, South American
separated from the rest of Gondwanaland and became, in effect, a gigantic island; its creatures,
which included marsupials and edentates–precursors of today's sloths, anteaters and armadillos–
developed in isolation. North America separated from Eurasia much later; by then it was already
well populated with the ancestors of our cats, dogs, rodents, weasels, and other present–day
mammals. It was also inhabited by monkeys, which had migrated from their original home in Africa
up through Europe and into North America before the continental separation was complete. For ...
The thicker sections fo the plates are the continents; the thinner parts make up the ocean beds. When
two plates meet, the result is geologic upheaval on a vast scale. Such an encounter occurred about
20 million years ago in the region between North and South America. The Cocos Plate, a piece of
the Pacific crust some 300 miles wide, moved eastward until it met the crustal plate underlying the
Caribbean. The eastern edge of the Cocos Plate was driven beneath the western edge of the
Caribbean Plate. As the Cocos Plate was forced downward, the friction, as well as the hear deep
within the earth, liquefied its rock into magma, which found release by thrusting up in a chain of
volcanoes. The volcanic islands that resulted formed a line of stepping–stones between the northern
and southern

Cobra Research Paper
Have you ever wondered what it's like to be a cobra? From what I've found out, cobras live a very
interesting life, from how they react to predators and prey, to the different types of cobras out in the
world. Cobras have the scientific name of Naja, which means "little sister" in Greenlandic. Another
fascinating fact, all though it is very sad, is that cobras are threatened by deforestation, forest
fragmentation, and illegal wildlife trade. How cobras live and survive is mainly based upon their
behavior, environment, and their different types of species.
The behavior of cobras can vary depending on the different types of species. A cobra mainly eats
birds, small mammals, lizards, eggs, carrion (decaying flesh of dead animals), and other snakes. A
cobra possesses a types of venom that is consisted of zootoxins that can blind or kill a prey or threat.
Another fact is that cobras are active mainly during the day depending on where they live. Snakes in
general need warm weather conditions to be able to live, but if the temperature is too warm, they
become sluggish due to the fact that they are cold blooded animals. When a snake has found its prey,
the cobra will then eat the animal, head first. Depending on the size of the meal, a cobra might not
need ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Africa, Middle East, India, Southeast Asia, Indonesia). Cobras like to live in areas with bodies of
water due to their magnificent skill of swimming. These snakes have unique variations of defenses,
such as great sense of smell and night vision for hunting prey, their color that allows them to blend
in with their surroundings, and their poisonous venom that can either be spit at an animal or bitten
by the cobra itself. Another example of a cobra's defense is their hoods. These hoods are formed
from the ribs in the neck being flattened out. Cobra only raise their hoods when they feel threatened,
and when they are about to

Camelus Dromedarius
One of the most common frogs found in the richly diverse Amazon Basin is Camelus dromedarius,
the camel. This large ruminating hoofed mammal, also known as Arabian camel, Dromedary Camel,
One–Humped Camel, lives throughout the deserts of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Yemen, and Africa
(Abdelhamid, 2014). "Dromedarius" is a large, even–toed ungulate with one hump on its back (El–
Bahrawy, 2015). This animal has a normal mammal life reproduction cycle, and a historical
evolution. It is now a part of the culture of many Bedouin tribes and is a crucial part of customs and
traditions of many Middle Eastern society. This mammal has unique characteristics such as a long–
curved neck, deep–narrow chest, and a single hump (Encyclopedia of Life, n.d.).

Essay on Manatees are Considered the Foundation of the...
Do you know that manatees are considered the foundation of the mermaid legend? They are
considered the basis of the mermaid legend because it is believed manatees are responsible for
sailors' tales of mermaids and sirens. That must have been a long time at sea because the manatee's
also known as the sea cow. Manatees are marine mammals that breathe air through their nostrils.
They are a few species of manatees: the West African, the Amazonian, and the West Indian. They are
settled in rivers, in the ocean, and the shoreline of the islands. The name manatee comes from the
Taino, a pre–Columbian people of the Caribbean, meaning, and "beast". The manatees are critically
endangered due to human conflicts and red tide; however, concerned ... Show more content on
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Then the single calf will stay with their mother for at least 2–3 years. Twins are rarely for manatees.
The state released a hotline number for residents to call if they see a distressed manatee. "If they
didn't have people in the public trying to help," said Lee Ann Rottman, the zoo's animal curator after
getting out of the treatment pool, "those manatees wouldn't make it." (Editing by David Adams and
Eric Walsh)
All manatees' species are decreased throughout the last century, usually because of hunting pressure.
Now, manatees are in danger. Even through, they are protected by the alliance constitution, they still
face threats. There remain around 1,500 manatees in the United States, mainly close to Florida (Save
the Manatees Club). No one knows how numerous they are in the rest of the world, due to the fact
they are difficult and hard to count. They are established around the West Indies, on the east coasts
of Central America and South America, around the Amazon River basin, and on the shore of West
Africa. Furthermore on the Congo River and further bulky rivers of Africa in order a to flow in the
direction of the Atlantic Ocean. Despite the fact populations of manatees have declined in most
areas, there are probably at least many thousands living.
Manatees may now come to extinction. Manatees have unique causes of death, most of which are
just exactly like human causes of death. Some of these causes of

An Inside Look at Cheetas Essay
Name: The scientific name for Cheetah is Acinonyx jubatus. The cheetah gets its name from Hindi
word Sanskrit– Chita, the Hindi translation means Spotted One. The English translation is Hunting
Leopard. http://www.thejunglestore.com/cheetahs/fun facts
Description: Cheetah's have often been mistaken for leopards; the cheetah is leaner and has longer
legs. Their body markings are light golden color, covered with small round, black spots on the
cheeks, forehead, neck and legs. Cheetah's have a unique black mark just below the eyes shaped like
a tear drop; the tail has 4 – 6 rings at the end of the tail ending in white hairs bunched together.
Adult cheetah's weight between 80 – 140 pounds, their body length is about 4 feet, the tail ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Locations found: Cheetahs at one time could be found roaming throughout Africa and Asia. Today,
cheetahs are located in a few remote regions of the world. The settlement of humans in their natural
habitat and the fact they are hunted for their fur attributes to their decline. Today they are confined
to parts of Eastern and Southwestern Africa. The Science Times Book of Mammals
Habitat: Cheetahs can be located in various habitats; however they thrive best in areas that have
abundant prey. They fit nicely into their chosen niche. They prefer dry, grasslands, like semi–desert,
prairies that have thick brush. This type of habitat allows them to see both their prey and predators
easily. The average temperature during the rainy season is 68 degrees to 86 degrees, during the dry
season the temperature ranges from 68 degrees to 78 degrees. Rainfall is not a concern for the
cheetah, since they prefer to live in dryer, grassy areas of Africa. The Status and Conservation of the
Cheetah Acinonyx Jubatus in Tanzania.
They are independent hunters; they don't require assistance from other sources in their habitat to
find food. Cheetah's hunt by vision rather than scent, they stalk their prey. Cheetahs capture their
prey by tripping them during the chase! Their tail provides balance as they increase in speed to track
and capture their intended prey. They hunt mostly during the day, this cuts down on

A Mermaid Research Paper
Abstract The research question that I chose to investigate was: Is it possible for mermaids to exist? I
chose to do this because there seems to have been a lot of different controversies on the topic before
the semester started. I am supporting the claim that it is possible for mermaids to exist. The main
reasons for supporting the claim, is because there are similarities in humans and aquatic mammals,
there is a gap in the evolutionary fossil record, and there are mysterious findings and recordings of
mermaids. The three counter arguments that I am going to address are there is a previously accepted
theory called the Savannah Theory (ST), the gap in the evolutionary fossil record does not prove
anything, and there is no undisputable proof ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In my field research, I conducted an online poll. The questions were: Do you think there is a
possibility of mermaids existing? What do you think a mermaid is? And can you think of reasons
that mermaids could not exist? On the first question 82% of people that responded with yes they do
think that mermaids exist. On the second question, the answers were almost evenly spread through a
half human half fish, something more like a dolphin with ape appendages, and I do not know. On the
last answer, there were a lot of yes or no's; however, there were a couple interesting answers. In
short, on one of the answers, someone went into detail on why the government would hide such
things as mermaids from the public. Also three people responded saying that nearly 85% of our
ocean was unexplored, and there could definitely be mermaids. One of those responses said that it is
more likely for mermaids to exist than it would be for Big Foot to

Rabie Disease
A Disease is a disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, that produces signs or
symptoms that impairs normal functioning and is not because of a direct result of physical injury
Rabies is caused by the Australian bat lyssavirus and the rabies virus. Rabies is a viral disease that
causes inflammation of the brain in mammals. It is transmitted through saliva if the infected comes
in contact with the eyes, mouth or nose of another mammal. It can also be spread if the rabid
mammal scratches or bites another human or animal. The rabies virus travels through the peripheral
nerves and transported to the central nervous systems and inflames the brain. Rabies invades the
nervous system of animals. The early symptoms of

Honey Badgers Research Paper
Their skin is thick and tough. Arrows, spears, and bites from other animals can rarely pierce it.
Small bullets can't even penetrate it. Not only is their skin thick and tough, it is also loose. This
allows them to twist and turn to attack while another animal is gripping them. The only safe grip one
can get on a honey badger is on the back of their necks.
P 3.Honey badgers have long, sharp claws. These claws are good for attacking and even better for
digging. Honey badgers are some of nature's most skilled diggers. They can dig a nine–foot tunnel
into hard ground in about 10 minutes. They love to catch a meal by digging up the burrows of frogs,
rodents, and cobras. They also use their digging skills to create their homes. They live in small

Dinosaurs And The Past ( Triassic Period )
Dinosaurs were huge animals that existed in the past (Triassic period). Species came in different
sizes and forms. Some had huge bodies while other tiny bodies and shape. From historical evidence
prevalent today, dinosaurs were found in all continents but differed in sizes and physical attributes.
The landmass prevalent in different regions denoted the type of species that existed within its
boundaries. Some Dinosaurs were herbivores; therefore their teeth and digestive systems were
developed to handle the plants they consumed. The planet at the time was covered with green
plantations that the animals fed on. Their sprawling posture that Dinosaurs possessed depicted their
ability to eat leaves on high branches and twigs. Other Dinosaurs survived on meat from other
animals. A famous example includes Tyrannosaurus Rex (Kays and Wilson). The animal jaws and
muscles were very strong with pointed teeth. This enhanced its hunting skills as well as helped with
feeding. During this period there were a lot of herbivores roaming the earth (Johnson). Africa, Asia
and Europe were the major continents. Through splitting, other continents were formed. Water
bodies, such as the Mediterranean Sea that is found between Europe and Africa, separated these
regions. Thus, dinosaurs were distributed sparingly within these continents. There were many
different species of dinosaurs, such as Megalosaurus, Herrerasaurus, and Tyrannosaurus rex.
Evidence of existence and

Humans Vs Gorillas Research Paper
Millions of years ago, there were no humans. Humans are an evolved forms of the apes known as
"Homo erectus". The apes are actually the humans closest living relative. Most life began in Africa,
inside the Fertile Crescent. "Human history, as something separate from the history of animals,
began there about 7 million years ago. Around that time, a population of African apes broke up into
several populations, of which one proceeded to evolve into modern gorillas, second into the two
modern chimps, and the third into humans. The gorilla line apparently split off slightly before the
split between the chimp and the human lines"(36). Therefore, humans and gorillas are connected
genetically, but their populations do differ in numbers, as well as

Analyzing Darwin's On The Origin Of Species
According to Darwin's novel book On the Origin of Species, he postulates his own "theory of
evolution". Here, Darwin proposes that natural selection is the driving factor that leads to the
evolution of species. Only the fittest and most suitable to adapt to the all–changing environment will
survive. This seems counter–intuitive to the fact that it does require more energy to be ambulatory
on land rather than being mobile in water. But, the overall evolutionary gain from being mobile on
land versus water justifies this expenditure of energy. Three things to be considered adaptations
mammals have taken on to support this move from aquatics to land include: body thermoregulation,
circulatory system changes, and advancement and complexity of internal ... Show more content on
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This means they must rely on external factors for metabolic and physical activity, a huge
disadvantage when in the context of an immediate threat or the need to displace one's self into a new
environment with non–optimal outside conditions. For this reason, we see these creatures remain in
one location with a relatively small range of temperature fluctuation for optimal organism activity.
Meanwhile, the evolutionary advantages of being a warm–blooded animal, as mammals are,
arguably outweigh the disadvantages, i.e. higher energy intake. This allows for mammals to generate
energy (heat) internally. Being warm–blooded is a huge evolutionary advantage because it allows
these organisms to have a constant and consistent reservoir of energy, resulting in a very "active"
behavior. Walking on land is one example of when being warm–blooded is a relative advantage in
most situations. With this constant active lifestyle, mammals can hunt in a wider range of
temperatures and escape to newer, perhaps beneficial, environments. This also eliminates the need
for "resting" or being inactive when external situations are non–optimal, as we see with cold–
blooded

Marine Animals: The Manatee Essay
MANATEE Manatees are marine mammals that breathe air through their nostrils. Their nickname is
a sea cow. Manatees are consider for being the basis for the mermaid legend. There are a few
species of manatees: the West African, the Amazonian, and the West Indian. They are settle in rivers,
in the ocean, and on the shore line of islands. All three species of sirenians are endangered or
threatened. The Florida manatee is one of the most endangered marine mammals in the United
States. Manatees of the West Indian live on the shore as well as in rivers from the mid–Atlantic and
northeastern Brazil to southeastern United States. They also live near islands in the Caribbean Sea.
Manatees of the Amazonian live only in South American Rivers. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Manatees are vulnerable to the cold. The manatees are safe under in alliance constitution by the
Marine Mammal Protection Act. Manatee numbers decrease throughout the last century, usually
because of hunting pressure. Now, manatees are at risk. After all they are protected by constitution,
they deathly face threats. Affecting peaceful creatures are often by mistake bang by motorboats in
regularly like wise full waters, plus sometimes become entangled in fishing nets.("Manatees."
National Geographic. N.p., n.d.). There remains around 1,500 manatees in the United States, close to
Florida. No one knows how numerous there are in the rest of the world, due to is pure difficult and
high to count them. They are established around the West Indies, on the east coasts of Central
America and South America, around the Amazon River basin, on the shore of West Africa,
furthermore in the Congo River and further bulky rivers of Africa in order a flow in the direction of
Atlantic Ocean. Despite the fact populations have been much decreased in most areas, there are
probably at rest many thousands. Manatees may come to extinct. Manatees have unique causes of
death, most of which are exactly like human contact or invasion. A secure rate of manatees
extinction is applied to natural causes of death such as gastrointestinal disease, pneumonia and other
diseases. Manatees

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