Theories of leadership 1 Determine two (2) leadership theories and two (2) leadership styles that support the definition of a public leader. Provide a rationale for your response. The position where a person with legal rights holds or uses a public office to serve and lead a group of people or a community as a whole is known as public leadership. Leadership theories that define leadership Trait leadership theories The qualities of a person define trait theories. This theory argues that some people are born with some aspects of leadership to do what pertains their leadership. Study show leadership is made up of some characteristics or traits which are (Lewin 1939 in Robbins; Chemers 1997): · The need for power · Assertive · Intelligence · Trustworthy · Ability to motivate a person · Self confident This theory shows that leaders need some certain characteristics whether in classroom, company or war. Some situations may demand more than one trait that differs to the situation which the other leader holds. Situational leadership theories This theory supports different type of styles exercised by leaders. Situation to situation changes are needed in this type of leadership. The theory allows leaders who adapt quickly to changes in different situations to be hired more quickly. It is not enough to have different type of leadership styles, the leader should know how to apply the styles to influence and take control of the people. Leadership styles that define public leader · Participative style It is also known as democratic leadership style, the style puts into consideration peers and member team input where participative leaders make the final decision. By employees contributing towards decision making this leadership style improves employee morale. Whenever a company reorganizes its operation this style enables employees to adapt quickly to company changes since they were involved towards decision making. · Transformative style This leadership style involves levels and means of communication for management to achieve goals and objectives. Employees motivation can be enhanced by leaders this improves efficiency and productivity in an organization through visibility and high communication. For the management to meet objectives and goals transformative style is required. The reason or rationale for question one is that leadership can be taught, also leadership is a gift which a person is born with. A person can teach himself or herself how to be trustworthy which justifies leadership can be taught. Ability to motivate others and the need for power forms a strong rationale on theories of leadership. The traits can be integrated from one theory to another. 2. Assess the effectiveness of the two (2) leadership theories from Question 1. Provide two (2) examples for each leadership theory.  Assessment of trait leadership theory Traditional views and common assessments of leadership have assessed many theories to what can be developed out of effe ...

1. Theories of leadership 1
Determine two (2) leadership theories and two (2) leadership
styles that support the definition of a public leader. Provide a
rationale for your response.
The position where a person with legal rights holds or uses
a public office to serve and lead a group of people or a
community as a whole is known as public leadership.
Leadership theories that define leadership
Trait leadership theories
The qualities of a person define trait theories. This theory
argues that some people are born with some aspects of
leadership to do what pertains their leadership. Study show
leadership is made up of some characteristics or traits which are
(Lewin 1939 in Robbins; Chemers 1997):
· The need for power
· Assertive
· Intelligence
· Trustworthy
· Ability to motivate a person
· Self confident
This theory shows that leaders need some certain
characteristics whether in classroom, company or war. Some
situations may demand more than one trait that differs to the
situation which the other leader holds.
Situational leadership theories
This theory supports different type of styles exercised by
leaders. Situation to situation changes are needed in this type of
leadership. The theory allows leaders who adapt quickly to
changes in different situations to be hired more quickly. It is
not enough to have different type of leadership styles, the leader
should know how to apply the styles to influence and take
control of the people.
Leadership styles that define public leader

2. · Participative style
It is also known as democratic leadership style, the style
puts into consideration peers and member team input where
participative leaders make the final decision. By employees
contributing towards decision making this leadership style
improves employee morale. Whenever a company reorganizes
its operation this style enables employees to adapt quickly to
company changes since they were involved towards decision
making.
· Transformative style
This leadership style involves levels and means of
communication for management to achieve goals and objectives.
Employees motivation can be enhanced by leaders this improves
efficiency and productivity in an organization through visibility
and high communication. For the management to meet
objectives and goals transformative style is required.
The reason or rationale for question one is that leadership
can be taught, also leadership is a gift which a person is born
with. A person can teach himself or herself how to be
trustworthy which justifies leadership can be taught. Ability to
motivate others and the need for power forms a strong rationale
on theories of leadership. The traits can be integrated from one
theory to another.
2. Assess the effectiveness of the two (2) leadership theories
from Question 1. Provide two (2) examples for each leadership
theory.
Assessment of trait leadership theory
Traditional views and common assessments of leadership
have assessed many theories to what can be developed out of
effective leadership theories. In this 21st century leadership
focuses on peers, followers, supervisors, culture and work
environment but does not focus on leader only. The traits of
leadership exhibited by a person cannot be compared with
leadership since leadership is more than that. Various models of
leadership have been depicted that are rational in social work
multilevel dynamic.

3. · Complexity leadership and trait theory
This is an effective model leadership theory which
challenges leadership viewpoint as leaders think leadership is
hierarchical to the firm. The theory suggests leaders can interact
and execute their leadership at any level of organization.
· Shared trait theory
Shared trait theory argues that leadership develops across a
person’s lifespan where dynamic of the team evolves on basis of
processes, inputs and outputs. Individual talents are utilized by
the mentioned leadership style, knowledge and skills in a group
of people effort helps to achieve objectives and goals of the
firm (Dulewicz, V. & Higgs, M. 2008)
Assessment of situational leadership theories
Effective leadership is very important in any firm’s goals
and objectives. In an organization the message is communicated
by the leaders who motivate workers and delegate jobs to them.
Managers’ personality determines styles of leadership where a
firm can select good leaders with excellent personality styles
that coordinate group needs. An organization should employ a
firm manager who exercises situational leadership style, this
changes to the needs of employees (Daft, R.L. & Lane, P.G.
2011)
We can consider two sub theories in assessing situational
leadership theories, which are:
· Motivation
Provision of support to employees according to what they
need creates a favorable environment where employees can air
their views to the top management. Employees are guaranteed
with support and coaching which motivates employees in
performing their duties well.
· Employee retention
Motivation and morale play a great role towards workers
retention policy. The cost of hiring and firing is higher than the
cost or retaining workers. Organizations find themselves with
higher turnover costs when recruiting and training to replace the

4. fired workers in a company. Support and morale can help a
situational leader in a company to reduce turnover of employees
(Vroom, V.H. & Yetton, P.W. 2010)
3. Assess the effectiveness of the two (2) leadership styles from
Question 1. Provide two (2) examples for each leadership style.
Styles of leadership are possible upon different situations
and employees, and range broadly from employee oriented to
trait style of leadership. The set of five leadership perspectives
are: Behavior; competencies; contingency; transformational and
implicit, the paper broadly examines democratic/participative
(people oriented) and autocratic /directive/transformative (task
oriented) styles of leadership (Alvesson, M. & Sveningsson, S.
2013). This paper asses the most renowned and popular theories
of leadership and discusses effectiveness of different styles.
Example of participative leadership style
Take an example where in a company the manager wants to
develop awareness plan of HIV/AIDS. The managers calls
employees for a meeting where brainstorming is needed, due to
this participative team work proper awareness plan is
developed.
Example of Transformative leadership style
Total quality control and outsourcing are examples of
transformative leadership style. Efficiency of various
organizations is created as a result of outsourcing; the
effectiveness may be high profits, quality of products and total
customer satisfaction.
References list
Alvesson, M. & Sveningsson, S. 2013, 'Managers doing
leadership: The extra-ordinarization of the mundane', Human
Relations vol. 56, no. 12,pp. 1435-1459.
.Chemers, M.M. & Ayman, R. 2010, Leadership theory and
research : perspectives and directions, Academic Press, San

5. Diego.
Daft, R.L. & Lane, P.G. 2011, The Leadership experience, 5e
[ed.] edn, South-Western Cengage Learning, Australia ; Mason,
OH.
Dervin, B., Foreman-Wernet, L. & Lauterbach, E. 2009, Sense-
making methodology reader : selected writings of Brenda
Dervin, Hampton Press, Cresskill, NJ.
Dulewicz, V. & Higgs, M. 2008, 'Assessing leadership styles
and organisational context', Journal of Managerial Psychology,
vol. 20, no. 2,pp. 105 - 123.
Hamilton, C. 2010, Communicating for results : a guide for
business and the professions, 9th edn, Thomson/Wadsworth,
Belmont, Calif.
Hurd, A.R., Barcelona, R.J. & Meldrum, J.T. 2009, Leisure
services management, Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL.
Vroom, V.H. & Yetton, P.W. 2010, Leadership and decision-
making, University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh.