The anterior abdominal wall contains muscles that flex the trunk and aid in respiration through forced expiration and coughing. These muscles also protect the abdominal viscera from trauma. The rectus sheath encloses the rectus abdominis muscles. The anterior abdominal wall receives nerve supply from spinal cord segments T7 to T11. Common abdominal incisions include the midline incision, pfannensteil incision, and Joel cohen incision. The pelvis is formed by the two innominate bones, sacrum, and coccyx. Joints in the pelvis include the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joints. The pelvis is measured for obstetrical purposes in the anter

1. Anatomy
By Dr Hanin alkather

2. The anterior abdominal wall
There is no deep fascia over the trunk
The function of anterior abdominal wall muscle
They flex the trunk
They are accessory muscle of respiration in
forcible expiration and coughing
Straining
protect abdominal viscera against trauma

3. The rectus sheat

4. Nerve supply of AAW
•
T7 to T11
•
T7 supplies xiphoid region
•
T10 supplies umbilicus
•
L1 iliohypogastric and ilio inguinal

5. Abdomenal incisions
incision
The midline
The pfannensteil incision:
The Joel cohen incision:

6. The pelvic
•
2innominate bones on either side, the sacrum,and the
coccyx
•
sacrum=5fused vertebrae it is triangle
•
coccyx=3fused vertebrae

8. Joint and ligament of pelvic
•
Syphilis pubis :secondary cartilaginous
•
The sacroiliac joint : synovial
•
The sacrum is supported by sacrospinous ligament and sacra
tuberous ligament

9. Position of the pelvic in the erect position
•
The plane of the superior aperture :form
angle 50-60
•
The inferior aperture :16
with the horizontal plane

11. Obstetrical pelvic measurement
anteropoterior
oblique
transverse
11
11.5
12.5
inlet
11.5
11.5
11.5
Mid pelvis
12.5
11.5
11
outlet

12. Type of pelvic

17. The muscle and fasciae of pelvic floor
and
levatorani supply by pudenda N
The pelvic diaphragm =(
coccyges)

18. perineum
The anterior urogenital perineum

20. The posterior anal perineum
This triangle lies between the Ischia tuberosity on each side of the coccyx
Roof: levator ani
Contains:
1-the anal canal and it is sphincters
2-the ischioanal fosse on either side
The ischioanal fosse

45. Innervations of pelvic
Lumber plexus