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BOTANICAL GARDEN
Presented
By
Kanchan Sinha
ShriShankaracharyaMahavidyalaya,Junwani,Bhilai
INTRODUCTION
• Botanical gardens are the institutions that maintain the living plant
collections of different varieties of plants, including the ornamental and
cultivated ones, wild, medicinal, of economic importance, of various
geographical regions, of special interest etc. They are of value not only to
the botanists, horticulturists and foresters but also to the millions of
tourists.
• A big botanical garden possesses plant species from several corners of the
world. It also includes green houses, a library, a herbarium, research
laboratories, and several miscellaneous resources including photographs,
paintings, illustrations, reprints, note-books and specimens of several
types, it is therefore, not merely a garden but a botanical institution.
• Luca Ghini was the first person to establish a botanical garden on scientific
lines in 1543 at Pisa in Italy. At present there are over 600 important
botanical gardens in the world. Handerson (1983) however, documented
800 of them in the “International Directory of Botanical Gardens”.
भूमिका
• वानस्पतिक उद्यान वे संस्थान हैं जो ववमभन्न प्रकार के पौधों के
जीववि पौधों के संग्रह को बनाए रखिे हैं, जजनिें सजावटी और
खेिी वाले, आर्थिक िहत्व के जंगली, औषधीय, ववमभन्न भौगोमलक
क्षेत्रों के , ववशेष रुर्ि के आदि शामिल हैं। वे न के वल िूल्य के हैं।
वनस्पति ववज्ञानी, बागवानी वैज्ञातनक और वनवासी लेककन लाखों
पयिटकों के मलए भी
• एक बडा वनस्पति उद्यान िुतनया के कई कोनों से पौधों की
प्रजातियों के पास है। इसिें ग्रीन हाउस, एक पुस्िकालय, एक
हबेररयि, अनुसंधान प्रयोगशालाएं और कई ववववध संसाधन शामिल
हैं जजनिें फोटोग्राफ, र्ित्र, र्ित्र, ररवप्रंट, नोट-बुक और कई प्रकार के
निूने शामिल हैं, इसमलए यह के वल एक उद्यान नहीं बजल्क एक
वनस्पति संस्थान है
• 1543 िें इटली के पीसा िें वैज्ञातनक िजि पर वनस्पति उद्यान
स्थावपि करने वाले पहले व्यजति थे लुका तिनी। विििान िें िुतनया
िें 600 से अर्धक िहत्वपूर्ि वनस्पति उद्यान हैं। हालांकक हैंडसिन
(1983) ने उनिें से 800 को "इंटरनेशनल डायरेतटरी ऑफ
बॉटतनकल गाडिन" िें प्रलेखखि ककया
History and Development
 The origin of modern botanical gardens can be traced to European medieval
medicinal gardens known as physic gardens, the first of these being founded
during the Italian Renaissance in the 16th century. This early concern with
medicinal plants changed in the 17th century to an interest in the new plant
imports from explorations outside Europe as botany gradually established its
independence from medicine. In the 18th century systems of nomenclature and
classification were devised by botanists working in the herbaria and universities
associated with the gardens, these systems often being displayed in the gardens as
educational “order beds”. With the rapid rise of European imperialism in the late
18th century botanic gardens were established in the tropics and economic botany
became a focus with the hub at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, near London.
 Over the years botanical gardens, as cultural and scientific organisations, have
responded to the interests of botany and horticulture. Nowadays most botanical
gardens display a mix of the themes mentioned and more: having a strong
connection with the general public there is the opportunity to provide visitors with
information relating to the environmental issues being faced at the start of the
21st century, especially those relating to plant conservation and sustainability.
इतिहास और ववकास
• आधुतनक वनस्पति उद्यानों की उत्पवि का पिा यूरोपीय िध्यकालीन औषधीय
उद्यानों से लगाया जा सकिा है जजन्हें भौतिक उद्यान कहा जािा है, इनिें से
पहली की स्थापना 16 वीं शिाब्िी िें इिालवी पुनजािगरर् के िौरान हुई थी।
औषधीय पौधों के साथ यह प्रारंमभक र्िंिा 17 वीं शिाब्िी िें यूरोप के बाहर
अन्वेषर्ों से नए संयंत्र आयाि िें रुर्ि के रूप िें बिल गई तयोंकक वनस्पति
ववज्ञान ने धीरे-धीरे र्िककत्सा से अपनी स्विंत्रिा स्थावपि की। 18 वीं शिाब्िी िें
नािकरर् और वगीकरर् की प्रर्ामलयों को वनस्पति ववज्ञातनयों द्वारा काि करने
वाले वनस्पतिवविों द्वारा िैयार ककया गया था, जो बागानों से जुडे ववश्वववद्यालयों
िें थे, इन प्रर्ामलयों को अतसर बगीिों िें शैक्षक्षक "ऑडिर बेड" के रूप िें प्रिमशिि
ककया जािा था। 18 वीं शिाब्िी के उिराधि िें यूरोपीय साम्राज्यवाि के िेजी से
बढ़ने के साथ ही उष्र्कदटबंधीय उद्यान उष्र्कदटबंधीय क्षेत्रों िें स्थावपि हो गए
और आर्थिक वनस्पति ववज्ञान लंिन के पास रॉयल बोटैतनकल गाडिन, के यू िें हब
के साथ एक फोकस बन गया।
• वषों से वनस्पति उद्यान, सांस्कृ तिक और वैज्ञातनक संगठनों के रूप िें, वनस्पति
ववज्ञान और बागवानी के दहिों का जवाब दिया है। आजकल अर्धकांश वनस्पति
उद्यान उजल्लखखि ववषयों का मिश्रर् प्रिमशिि करिे हैं और अर्धक: आि जनिा के
साथ एक िजबूि संबंध होने के कारर् 21 वीं शिाब्िी की शुरुआि िें आने वाले
पयािवरर्ीय िुद्िों से संबंर्धि जानकारी के साथ आगंिुकों को प्रिान करने का
अवसर है, ववशेष रूप से संबंर्धि संयंत्र संरक्षर् और जस्थरिा।
Botanical gardens and Herbaria are important places of systematic study and research on flora
of the region.
Scientific research Botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific
purposes and display; they can be: taxonomically-based - collections of a particular family,
genus or group of cultivars; or collections of native plants; or useful species such as medicinal,
aromatic or textile plants.
These are the places of great academic and economic importance. A brief account of botanical
gardens and herbaria follows.
वनस्पति उद्यान तया है?
• एक उद्यान है, जो अपने वनस्पति नािों के साथ लेबल ककए गए
पौधों की एक ववस्िृि श्रृंखला के संग्रह, खेिी और प्रिशिन के मलए
सिवपिि है। इसिें ववशेषज्ञ पौधों के संग्रह जैसे कक उष्र्कदटबंधीय
पौधे, या पौधों की अन्य प्रजातियां शामिल हो सकिी हैं
वनस्पति उद्यान और हबेररया क्षेत्र के वनस्पतियों पर व्यवजस्थि
अध्ययन और अनुसंधान के िहत्वपूर्ि स्थान हैं।
वैज्ञातनक अनुसंधान वनस्पति उद्यान िें मशक्षा, वैज्ञातनक उद्िेश्यों और
प्रिशिन के मलए पौधों के संग्रह होिे हैं; वे हो सकिे हैं: टैतसोनॉमिक
रूप से आधाररि - एक ववशेष पररवार के संग्रह, जीनस या खेिी के
सिूह; या िेशी पौधों का संग्रह; या उपयोगी प्रजातियां जैसे कक
औषधीय, सुगंर्धि या वस्त्र पौधे।
• ये िहान शैक्षखर्क और आर्थिक िहत्व के स्थान हैं। वनस्पति
उद्यान और हबेररया का संक्षक्षप्ि वववरर् इस प्रकार है
वनस्पति उद्यान िें पौधों के प्रकार
• 1- कै जतट और रसीले पौधे।
• 2- जडी-बूटी के बगीिे।
• 3- ग्रीनहाउस, शेड हाउस।
• 4- उष्र्कदटबंधीय पौधे।
• 5-औषधीय पौधे।
• 6- सुगंर्धि या टेतसटाइल प्लांट
• 7- अन्य वविेशी पौधे
ROLE OF BOTANICAL GARDEN
• 1. Taxonomic Studies:
Botanical gardens provide valuable information on
various plants Local flora, bonsai, rare plants etc. They
act as “outdoor laboratories” for students and
researchers.
• 2. Botanical Research:
Botanical gardens supply wide range of plant species,
seeds, flowers, fruits for botanical research.
• 3. Conservation:
Botanical gardens conserve and propagate rare species
and genetic diversity.
बॉटतनकल गाडिन की भूमिका:
• 1. वगीकरर् अध्ययन:
• वानस्पतिक उद्यान ववमभन्न पौधों पर बहुिूल्य जानकारी प्रिान करिे हैं
स्थानीय वनस्पति, बोन्साई, िुलिभ पौधे आदि वे छात्रों और शोधकिािओं के
मलए "आउटडोर प्रयोगशालाओं" के रूप िें कायि करिे हैं।
• 2. वानस्पतिक अनुसंधान:
• वनस्पति उद्यान वनस्पति अनुसंधान के मलए पौधों की प्रजातियों, बीजों,
फू लों, फलों की ववस्िृि श्रृंखला की आपूतिि करिे हैं।
• 3. संरक्षर्:
• वानस्पतिक उद्यान िुलिभ प्रजातियों और आनुवंमशक ववववधिा का संरक्षर्
और प्रिार करिे हैं।
• 4. Education:
They supply facilities for courses in local flora, horticulture,
hybridization, plant propagation, etc. There educational
programmes include workshops, training sessions for teachers,
students, naturalists etc.
• 5. Public Services.
They help the public in identifying the local and exotic plant species;
provide instructions for home gardening’s, propagation of plants;
supply plant resource;, through sale or exchange.
• 6. Aesthetics and Recreation:
They attract people who have made gardening their hobby.
• 7. Employment:
They create job opportunities for a large number of young
botanists.
बॉटतनकल गाडिन की भूमिका
• 4. मशक्षा:
• वे स्थानीय वनस्पतियों, बागवानी, संकरर्, पािप प्रसार इत्यादि िें पाठ्यक्रिों के
मलए सुववधाओं की आपूतिि करिे हैं। वहां शैक्षक्षक कायिक्रिों िें मशक्षकों, छात्रों,
प्रकृ तिवादियों के मलए प्रमशक्षर् सत्र शामिल हैं।
• 5. साविजतनक सेवाएँ।
• वे स्थानीय और वविेशी पौधों की प्रजातियों की पहिान करने िें जनिा की ििि
करिे हैं; होि बागवानी के मलए तनिेश प्रिान करना, पौधों का प्रिार; आपूतिि संयंत्र
संसाधन ;, बबक्री या ववतनिय के िाध्यि से।
• 6. सौंियिशास्त्र और िनोरंजन:
• वे ऐसे लोगों को आकवषिि करिे हैं जजन्होंने बागवानी को अपना शौक बनाया है।
• 7. रोजगार:
• वे बडी संख्या िें युवा वनस्पति ववज्ञातनयों के मलए नौकरी के अवसर पैिा करिे हैं
Role of Botanical Gardens in Plant Conservation
• Living collections of plants collect species under various groupings, to
maintain a living store of genetic diversity that can support many activities
in conservation and research.
• Seed banks and collections of living plants allow species to be
safeguarded. Plants must be carefully collected stored to ensure maximum
genetic diversity is retained, and much research is required to determine
the best way of storing each species. This is the conservation of plant
diversity in situ, and botanic gardens are key to this strategy’s capacity and
success..
• Research and development into plant taxonomy and genetics,
phytochemistry, useful properties, informing selection of plants that can
withstand degraded and changing environments (especially important in
face of the threats posed by climate change).
• Education is a strength of botanic gardens that allows them to
communicate the importance of conserving plants, reaching out to diverse
audiences, and also to communicate how this may be achieved.
.
• Linking plants with the well-being of people, and also helping conserve indigenous
and local knowledge, to encourage the sustainable use of plant resources for the
benefit of all, as part of sustainable development.
• The conservation of plant diversity is critical for sustainable development and
botanic gardens are playing a key role as centres of conservation action. Gardens
maintain a wide range of species as living plants, in seed banks and tissue culture;
according to estimation of BGCI, there are probably over 80,000 species in
cultivation in botanic gardens of the current estimate of 270,000 known plant
species in the world. Botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education,
scientific purposes and display; they can be:
• Taxonomically-based – collections of a particular family, genus or group of
cultivars;
• Collections of native plants;
• Wild relatives or cultivars of useful species such as medicinal, aromatic or textile
plants;
• Botanic gardens also have important conservation collections particularly of rare
and threatened plants.
IMPORTANCE OF BOTANICAL GARDEN
1- Enjoyment
2-Economic
3- Scientific research
Botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific
purposes and display; they can be: taxonomically-based - collections of
a particular family, genus or group of cultivars; or collections of native
plants; or useful species such as medicinal, aromatic or textile plants.
4- Conservation
• conservation of rare and threatened plants.
• The conservation of plant diversity is critical for sustainable
development and botanic gardens are playing a key role as centers of
conservation action.
• Botanical gardens can promote diversity. Because they include many
species of plant.
5.Climate Change
• plants can alter the temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere.
Through the process of photosynthesis, plants use energy
from the sun to draw down carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere and then use it to create the carbohydrates they
need to grow. Since carbon dioxide is one of the most
abundant greenhouse gases, the removal of the gas from the
atmosphere may temper the warming of our planet as a
whole.
• *transpiration in plants can increase water vapor in the
atmosphere, causing more precipitation and cloud cover in an
area. The additional cloud cover often reinforces the cooling
by blocking sunlight.
• *Contribute to soil fertility and prevent soil erosion
Some botanical gardens in India
• Empress Garden, Pune
• Lalbagh botanical gardens in Bangalore
• Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research
Institute (TBGRI), Trivandrum, Kerala (Biggest in India and
conserves the largest no: of plant species in Asia).
• The Mysore Zoo, in Mysore, Karnataka is also a botanical
garden.
• Botanical Garden of the Department of Applied Botany at
Mangalore University, Karnataka
• Botanical Garden, Near Sarangpur, Chandigarh
• Jhansi Botanical Garden, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh
Benefits of Visiting a Botanical Garden
• 1. Inspiration
• 2. Nature trails
• 3. Education
• 4. To view historical collections and themed
gardens
• 5. To see plant specimens and learn how to
recreate ecosystems
• 6. To observe demonstration beds
• 7. To engage with experimental gardens
• 8. To meet native plant species up close
• 9. To observe global plant species
• 10. To celebrate the culture and botany of
other lands
• 11. To be in nature
• 12. To participate in culture events
• 13. Preserve endangered plants
Conclusion
• Botanical gardens maintain a wide range of species as
living plants, in seed banks and tissue culture. Thus,
botanic gardens contain collections of plants for
education, scientific purposes and display. In
conclusion, the botanical garden play an important role
as the ex situ conservation for plant and also in situ
conservation site. The conservation of plant diversity is
critical for sustainable development and botanic
gardens are playing a key role as centres of
conservation action.
REFERENCES
• https://www.slideshare.net/GhassanHadi/botani
cal-garden-41356629
• https://joybileefarm.com/benefits-botanical-
garden/
• https://www.biologydiscussion.com/articles/imp
ortance-of-botanical-gardens/6522
• https://www.ukessays.com/essays/environmental
-sciences/roles-of-botanical-garden-in-plant-
conservation-environmental-sciences-essay.php

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Botanical garden, 19 9-20

  • 2. INTRODUCTION • Botanical gardens are the institutions that maintain the living plant collections of different varieties of plants, including the ornamental and cultivated ones, wild, medicinal, of economic importance, of various geographical regions, of special interest etc. They are of value not only to the botanists, horticulturists and foresters but also to the millions of tourists. • A big botanical garden possesses plant species from several corners of the world. It also includes green houses, a library, a herbarium, research laboratories, and several miscellaneous resources including photographs, paintings, illustrations, reprints, note-books and specimens of several types, it is therefore, not merely a garden but a botanical institution. • Luca Ghini was the first person to establish a botanical garden on scientific lines in 1543 at Pisa in Italy. At present there are over 600 important botanical gardens in the world. Handerson (1983) however, documented 800 of them in the “International Directory of Botanical Gardens”.
  • 3. भूमिका • वानस्पतिक उद्यान वे संस्थान हैं जो ववमभन्न प्रकार के पौधों के जीववि पौधों के संग्रह को बनाए रखिे हैं, जजनिें सजावटी और खेिी वाले, आर्थिक िहत्व के जंगली, औषधीय, ववमभन्न भौगोमलक क्षेत्रों के , ववशेष रुर्ि के आदि शामिल हैं। वे न के वल िूल्य के हैं। वनस्पति ववज्ञानी, बागवानी वैज्ञातनक और वनवासी लेककन लाखों पयिटकों के मलए भी • एक बडा वनस्पति उद्यान िुतनया के कई कोनों से पौधों की प्रजातियों के पास है। इसिें ग्रीन हाउस, एक पुस्िकालय, एक हबेररयि, अनुसंधान प्रयोगशालाएं और कई ववववध संसाधन शामिल हैं जजनिें फोटोग्राफ, र्ित्र, र्ित्र, ररवप्रंट, नोट-बुक और कई प्रकार के निूने शामिल हैं, इसमलए यह के वल एक उद्यान नहीं बजल्क एक वनस्पति संस्थान है • 1543 िें इटली के पीसा िें वैज्ञातनक िजि पर वनस्पति उद्यान स्थावपि करने वाले पहले व्यजति थे लुका तिनी। विििान िें िुतनया िें 600 से अर्धक िहत्वपूर्ि वनस्पति उद्यान हैं। हालांकक हैंडसिन (1983) ने उनिें से 800 को "इंटरनेशनल डायरेतटरी ऑफ बॉटतनकल गाडिन" िें प्रलेखखि ककया
  • 4. History and Development  The origin of modern botanical gardens can be traced to European medieval medicinal gardens known as physic gardens, the first of these being founded during the Italian Renaissance in the 16th century. This early concern with medicinal plants changed in the 17th century to an interest in the new plant imports from explorations outside Europe as botany gradually established its independence from medicine. In the 18th century systems of nomenclature and classification were devised by botanists working in the herbaria and universities associated with the gardens, these systems often being displayed in the gardens as educational “order beds”. With the rapid rise of European imperialism in the late 18th century botanic gardens were established in the tropics and economic botany became a focus with the hub at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, near London.  Over the years botanical gardens, as cultural and scientific organisations, have responded to the interests of botany and horticulture. Nowadays most botanical gardens display a mix of the themes mentioned and more: having a strong connection with the general public there is the opportunity to provide visitors with information relating to the environmental issues being faced at the start of the 21st century, especially those relating to plant conservation and sustainability.
  • 5. इतिहास और ववकास • आधुतनक वनस्पति उद्यानों की उत्पवि का पिा यूरोपीय िध्यकालीन औषधीय उद्यानों से लगाया जा सकिा है जजन्हें भौतिक उद्यान कहा जािा है, इनिें से पहली की स्थापना 16 वीं शिाब्िी िें इिालवी पुनजािगरर् के िौरान हुई थी। औषधीय पौधों के साथ यह प्रारंमभक र्िंिा 17 वीं शिाब्िी िें यूरोप के बाहर अन्वेषर्ों से नए संयंत्र आयाि िें रुर्ि के रूप िें बिल गई तयोंकक वनस्पति ववज्ञान ने धीरे-धीरे र्िककत्सा से अपनी स्विंत्रिा स्थावपि की। 18 वीं शिाब्िी िें नािकरर् और वगीकरर् की प्रर्ामलयों को वनस्पति ववज्ञातनयों द्वारा काि करने वाले वनस्पतिवविों द्वारा िैयार ककया गया था, जो बागानों से जुडे ववश्वववद्यालयों िें थे, इन प्रर्ामलयों को अतसर बगीिों िें शैक्षक्षक "ऑडिर बेड" के रूप िें प्रिमशिि ककया जािा था। 18 वीं शिाब्िी के उिराधि िें यूरोपीय साम्राज्यवाि के िेजी से बढ़ने के साथ ही उष्र्कदटबंधीय उद्यान उष्र्कदटबंधीय क्षेत्रों िें स्थावपि हो गए और आर्थिक वनस्पति ववज्ञान लंिन के पास रॉयल बोटैतनकल गाडिन, के यू िें हब के साथ एक फोकस बन गया। • वषों से वनस्पति उद्यान, सांस्कृ तिक और वैज्ञातनक संगठनों के रूप िें, वनस्पति ववज्ञान और बागवानी के दहिों का जवाब दिया है। आजकल अर्धकांश वनस्पति उद्यान उजल्लखखि ववषयों का मिश्रर् प्रिमशिि करिे हैं और अर्धक: आि जनिा के साथ एक िजबूि संबंध होने के कारर् 21 वीं शिाब्िी की शुरुआि िें आने वाले पयािवरर्ीय िुद्िों से संबंर्धि जानकारी के साथ आगंिुकों को प्रिान करने का अवसर है, ववशेष रूप से संबंर्धि संयंत्र संरक्षर् और जस्थरिा।
  • 6. Botanical gardens and Herbaria are important places of systematic study and research on flora of the region. Scientific research Botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific purposes and display; they can be: taxonomically-based - collections of a particular family, genus or group of cultivars; or collections of native plants; or useful species such as medicinal, aromatic or textile plants. These are the places of great academic and economic importance. A brief account of botanical gardens and herbaria follows.
  • 7. वनस्पति उद्यान तया है? • एक उद्यान है, जो अपने वनस्पति नािों के साथ लेबल ककए गए पौधों की एक ववस्िृि श्रृंखला के संग्रह, खेिी और प्रिशिन के मलए सिवपिि है। इसिें ववशेषज्ञ पौधों के संग्रह जैसे कक उष्र्कदटबंधीय पौधे, या पौधों की अन्य प्रजातियां शामिल हो सकिी हैं वनस्पति उद्यान और हबेररया क्षेत्र के वनस्पतियों पर व्यवजस्थि अध्ययन और अनुसंधान के िहत्वपूर्ि स्थान हैं। वैज्ञातनक अनुसंधान वनस्पति उद्यान िें मशक्षा, वैज्ञातनक उद्िेश्यों और प्रिशिन के मलए पौधों के संग्रह होिे हैं; वे हो सकिे हैं: टैतसोनॉमिक रूप से आधाररि - एक ववशेष पररवार के संग्रह, जीनस या खेिी के सिूह; या िेशी पौधों का संग्रह; या उपयोगी प्रजातियां जैसे कक औषधीय, सुगंर्धि या वस्त्र पौधे। • ये िहान शैक्षखर्क और आर्थिक िहत्व के स्थान हैं। वनस्पति उद्यान और हबेररया का संक्षक्षप्ि वववरर् इस प्रकार है
  • 8.
  • 9. वनस्पति उद्यान िें पौधों के प्रकार • 1- कै जतट और रसीले पौधे। • 2- जडी-बूटी के बगीिे। • 3- ग्रीनहाउस, शेड हाउस। • 4- उष्र्कदटबंधीय पौधे। • 5-औषधीय पौधे। • 6- सुगंर्धि या टेतसटाइल प्लांट • 7- अन्य वविेशी पौधे
  • 10. ROLE OF BOTANICAL GARDEN • 1. Taxonomic Studies: Botanical gardens provide valuable information on various plants Local flora, bonsai, rare plants etc. They act as “outdoor laboratories” for students and researchers. • 2. Botanical Research: Botanical gardens supply wide range of plant species, seeds, flowers, fruits for botanical research. • 3. Conservation: Botanical gardens conserve and propagate rare species and genetic diversity.
  • 11. बॉटतनकल गाडिन की भूमिका: • 1. वगीकरर् अध्ययन: • वानस्पतिक उद्यान ववमभन्न पौधों पर बहुिूल्य जानकारी प्रिान करिे हैं स्थानीय वनस्पति, बोन्साई, िुलिभ पौधे आदि वे छात्रों और शोधकिािओं के मलए "आउटडोर प्रयोगशालाओं" के रूप िें कायि करिे हैं। • 2. वानस्पतिक अनुसंधान: • वनस्पति उद्यान वनस्पति अनुसंधान के मलए पौधों की प्रजातियों, बीजों, फू लों, फलों की ववस्िृि श्रृंखला की आपूतिि करिे हैं। • 3. संरक्षर्: • वानस्पतिक उद्यान िुलिभ प्रजातियों और आनुवंमशक ववववधिा का संरक्षर् और प्रिार करिे हैं।
  • 12. • 4. Education: They supply facilities for courses in local flora, horticulture, hybridization, plant propagation, etc. There educational programmes include workshops, training sessions for teachers, students, naturalists etc. • 5. Public Services. They help the public in identifying the local and exotic plant species; provide instructions for home gardening’s, propagation of plants; supply plant resource;, through sale or exchange. • 6. Aesthetics and Recreation: They attract people who have made gardening their hobby. • 7. Employment: They create job opportunities for a large number of young botanists.
  • 13. बॉटतनकल गाडिन की भूमिका • 4. मशक्षा: • वे स्थानीय वनस्पतियों, बागवानी, संकरर्, पािप प्रसार इत्यादि िें पाठ्यक्रिों के मलए सुववधाओं की आपूतिि करिे हैं। वहां शैक्षक्षक कायिक्रिों िें मशक्षकों, छात्रों, प्रकृ तिवादियों के मलए प्रमशक्षर् सत्र शामिल हैं। • 5. साविजतनक सेवाएँ। • वे स्थानीय और वविेशी पौधों की प्रजातियों की पहिान करने िें जनिा की ििि करिे हैं; होि बागवानी के मलए तनिेश प्रिान करना, पौधों का प्रिार; आपूतिि संयंत्र संसाधन ;, बबक्री या ववतनिय के िाध्यि से। • 6. सौंियिशास्त्र और िनोरंजन: • वे ऐसे लोगों को आकवषिि करिे हैं जजन्होंने बागवानी को अपना शौक बनाया है। • 7. रोजगार: • वे बडी संख्या िें युवा वनस्पति ववज्ञातनयों के मलए नौकरी के अवसर पैिा करिे हैं
  • 14. Role of Botanical Gardens in Plant Conservation • Living collections of plants collect species under various groupings, to maintain a living store of genetic diversity that can support many activities in conservation and research. • Seed banks and collections of living plants allow species to be safeguarded. Plants must be carefully collected stored to ensure maximum genetic diversity is retained, and much research is required to determine the best way of storing each species. This is the conservation of plant diversity in situ, and botanic gardens are key to this strategy’s capacity and success.. • Research and development into plant taxonomy and genetics, phytochemistry, useful properties, informing selection of plants that can withstand degraded and changing environments (especially important in face of the threats posed by climate change). • Education is a strength of botanic gardens that allows them to communicate the importance of conserving plants, reaching out to diverse audiences, and also to communicate how this may be achieved. .
  • 15. • Linking plants with the well-being of people, and also helping conserve indigenous and local knowledge, to encourage the sustainable use of plant resources for the benefit of all, as part of sustainable development. • The conservation of plant diversity is critical for sustainable development and botanic gardens are playing a key role as centres of conservation action. Gardens maintain a wide range of species as living plants, in seed banks and tissue culture; according to estimation of BGCI, there are probably over 80,000 species in cultivation in botanic gardens of the current estimate of 270,000 known plant species in the world. Botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific purposes and display; they can be: • Taxonomically-based – collections of a particular family, genus or group of cultivars; • Collections of native plants; • Wild relatives or cultivars of useful species such as medicinal, aromatic or textile plants; • Botanic gardens also have important conservation collections particularly of rare and threatened plants.
  • 16. IMPORTANCE OF BOTANICAL GARDEN 1- Enjoyment 2-Economic 3- Scientific research Botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific purposes and display; they can be: taxonomically-based - collections of a particular family, genus or group of cultivars; or collections of native plants; or useful species such as medicinal, aromatic or textile plants. 4- Conservation • conservation of rare and threatened plants. • The conservation of plant diversity is critical for sustainable development and botanic gardens are playing a key role as centers of conservation action. • Botanical gardens can promote diversity. Because they include many species of plant.
  • 17. 5.Climate Change • plants can alter the temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere. Through the process of photosynthesis, plants use energy from the sun to draw down carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and then use it to create the carbohydrates they need to grow. Since carbon dioxide is one of the most abundant greenhouse gases, the removal of the gas from the atmosphere may temper the warming of our planet as a whole. • *transpiration in plants can increase water vapor in the atmosphere, causing more precipitation and cloud cover in an area. The additional cloud cover often reinforces the cooling by blocking sunlight. • *Contribute to soil fertility and prevent soil erosion
  • 18. Some botanical gardens in India • Empress Garden, Pune • Lalbagh botanical gardens in Bangalore • Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute (TBGRI), Trivandrum, Kerala (Biggest in India and conserves the largest no: of plant species in Asia). • The Mysore Zoo, in Mysore, Karnataka is also a botanical garden. • Botanical Garden of the Department of Applied Botany at Mangalore University, Karnataka • Botanical Garden, Near Sarangpur, Chandigarh • Jhansi Botanical Garden, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh
  • 19. Benefits of Visiting a Botanical Garden • 1. Inspiration • 2. Nature trails • 3. Education • 4. To view historical collections and themed gardens • 5. To see plant specimens and learn how to recreate ecosystems • 6. To observe demonstration beds
  • 20. • 7. To engage with experimental gardens • 8. To meet native plant species up close • 9. To observe global plant species • 10. To celebrate the culture and botany of other lands • 11. To be in nature • 12. To participate in culture events • 13. Preserve endangered plants
  • 21. Conclusion • Botanical gardens maintain a wide range of species as living plants, in seed banks and tissue culture. Thus, botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific purposes and display. In conclusion, the botanical garden play an important role as the ex situ conservation for plant and also in situ conservation site. The conservation of plant diversity is critical for sustainable development and botanic gardens are playing a key role as centres of conservation action.
  • 22. REFERENCES • https://www.slideshare.net/GhassanHadi/botani cal-garden-41356629 • https://joybileefarm.com/benefits-botanical- garden/ • https://www.biologydiscussion.com/articles/imp ortance-of-botanical-gardens/6522 • https://www.ukessays.com/essays/environmental -sciences/roles-of-botanical-garden-in-plant- conservation-environmental-sciences-essay.php