different types of bonds in chemistry

1. Prepared by-
•SRIJITA SEN
Srijita.sen.2801@gmail.com

2. 1. INTRODUCTION
2. BOND LENGTH & BOND ENERGY
3. TYPES OF BONDS WITH EXAMPLE &
DESCRIPTION
4. CONCLUSION
5. BIBLIOGRAPHY

3. What is Chemical Bond?
Classification of Chemical Bond:-
Chemical compounds are formed by the joining of two or more
atoms. A stable compound occurs when the total energy of the
combination has lower energy than the separated atoms. The
bound state implies a net attractive force between the atoms , a
chemical bond.
Chemical Bond
Ionic Bond
Coordinate Bond
Hydrogen Bond
Covalent Bond
Covalent Ionic
HydrogenCoordinate

4. Bond Energy:-
Bond Length:-
The amount of energy required to break a bond is called bond dissociation energy or
simply bond energy. Since bond lengths are consistent, bond energies of similar bonds
are also consistent. The bond energy is essentially the average enthalpy change for a
gas reaction to break all the similar bonds. Bond energy is a measure of the strength of
a chemical bond. The larger the bond energy, the stronger the bond.
Bond length is defined as the distance between the centres of two covalently
bonded atoms. The length of the bond is determined by the number of bonded
electrons (the bond order). The higher the bond order, the stronger the pull
between the two atoms and the shorter the bond length. Bond length is
reported in picometres. Therefore, bond length increases in the following
order: triple bond < double bond < single bond.
Bond Energy
Bond Length

5. Shared electrons
Covalent bond is formed by sharing
of a pair of electrons between atoms
to give complete octets for the
participating atoms.
Non-polar covalent bond
Polar covalent bond

6. TYPES OF COVALENT BOND
1. SIGMA - BOND 2. PI- BOND
Formed due to head-on
overlapping between orbitals.
Formed due to side-to-side
Overlapping of p-orbitals.
Sigma bond is stronger
than pi bond.

7. Ethane Ethene Ethyne
Sigma bond allow free
rotation of molecules.
Pi bond does not allow
rotation of molecules

8. ETHENE ETHYNE

9. A coordinate bond is formed between two atoms in which the shared
pair of electrons is contributed by only one of the atoms. The atom
providing the electron pair is called the donor atom and which accepts
the electron pair is called the acceptor atom. A coordinate bond is
denoted by an arrow pointing towards the acceptor atom.
Example : Formation of ozone molecule (O3)

10. Ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that involves the
electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, and is
the primary interaction occurring in ionic compounds. The ions
are atoms that have lost one or more electrons (known as
cations) and atoms that have gained one or more electrons
(known as anions).
Ionic bond

11. HYDROGEN BOND
Intermoleculer and intra-molecular linking through hydrogen bonding:
Hydrogen bonding is the result of electrostatic attraction between
polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom bound with a highly
electronegative atom such as Nitrogen, Oxygen , Fluorine etc.
Hydrogen bond plays an important role in helical structure of nucleic
acids and other bio-molecules.

12. CONCLUSIONIMPORTANCE OF CHEMICAL BONDING :-
Chemical bond helps to bind with a molecule to produce a newer form.
Chemical bonds have effects on the physical properties of
substance such as solubility , boiling point , melting point etc.
Type of reaction and reaction rate is also dependent on nature of
chemical bond.
Ionic compounds are able to conduct electricity in liquid form,
whereas covalent compound does not conduct electricity.

13. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION