2. 39 year old woman
Cc: B sciatica perineal
anesthesia
HPI: 2 weeks of symptoms
(June 2017), she thought it
was MS
PMH: bipolar, gastic sleeve
120/40 2014,
SH: disability, lives alone
Exam: 5/5 ankle DF/PF
17. Is DRE valid?
Spine 2015 Vol 40 No 15 p 1213
75 doctors, 30 control medical assistants
Score 0-5 where 0=20mm Hg and 5= 130mm
Normal is 60 and decreased is 30mm
Anorectal manometry reveals range
Squeeze test is 180mm, more accurate
64% correct
18. Orthopedics March 2012 Vol 34,
No 3, page e414
LexisNexis academic legal search
data base; 104 lawsuits found 15
qualified
6/15 in favor of plaintiff with mean
award $1.6M ($230k- $7.5M)
27% involved initial presentation
of loss of B/B control; 60%
presented to ER
time to surgery>48 hours a/w
plaintiff award 83%
14/15 cases had no rectal exam
21. Sexual dysfunction:
• Men: decreased sensation, EF
• Women: decreased sensation,
urinary incontinence during
intercourse
• Worse with increased age
22.
23. Spine 2000 June 15; 25(12):1515-22
meta-analysis
322 patients
chronic LBP worse B/B
bowel dysfunction worse urinary
older age worse sex function
<24 hours no better than 24-48 hours
all patients have same outcome >48 hours
significant difference in B/B function and
sensation for patients <48 hours and >48
hours
29. Nicholas Vyner Todd, UK neurosurgeon,
Newcastly upon Tyne, UK
Categories:
1. Suspicious
2. Incomplete
3. Retention (urinary)
4. Complete
Br J Neurosurgery 2016 review article
158 papers
<24 hours surgery 89% normal bladder
<48 hours surgery 79% normal bladder
>48 hours surgery 44% normal bladder
Emergency MRI critical for suspicious patients
B sciatica is suspicious
Incomplete bladder dysfunction patients are
true emergencies
“out of hours” surgery carry increased
morbidity and mortality
32. E: Early: B symptoms lower extremity m/s
I: incomplete
R: retention
33. BLE pain
BLE
paresthesia
B motor LE
B sciatica
Perineal
paresethsia
Perineal pain
Reduction
bladder
Reduction
bowel
Bladder
dysfuction
Bowel
dysfunction
222 cases
34. 2000-2014 national database using icdm/cpt
codes for CES for disc, stenosis, tumor, hematoma
20k patients
Early <48 hours Late>48 hours
Routine d/c 48% 27%
Skilled facility 38% 57%
Mortality 0.18% 1.7%
Complications 20% 27%
Foley 1.8% 2.7%
Length of stay 6 days 9 days
Charges $71k $131k
35. Problem: physical exam is poor predictor for CES
Pre and postvoid bladder scan in predicting CES
6 months prospective, Nottingham UK; Spine 2019;44:1303
92 patients suspect CES, 18% nerve compression by MRI
53% sensitivity of anal tone to predict CES
82% sensitivity perianal numbness;92% negative predictive
value
PVR<200cc negative predictive value 98%, specificity 72% a d
sensitivity 94%