Interview_ques_Mech.docx

1. What is the meaning of the term Greenfield Project?
Ans: A Greenfield Project refers to a project that has been built from scratch and
has been built in a way that does not cause pollution.
2. Can you name the alloy of tin and lead?
Ans: The alloy of tin and lead is called solder and is primarily used to make
electrical joints.
3. What is meant by pitting?
Ans: Pitting is when there is a small hole in the metal due to corrosion.
4. Can you name the boiler that doesn’t need a steam drum?
Ans: The supercritical pressure boiler doesn’t need a steam drum.
5. What are the different types of brakes?
Ans: The various types of brakes are:
 Hydraulic brakes
 Electric brakes
 Mechanical brakes
6. What is knurling?
Ans: Knurling is the process of creating a pattern on a bar that can be used as a
handle.
7. What is called engineering drawing?
Ans: It is the technical document that is used to transfer technical details and
requirements.
8. Identify the different types of screws.
Ans: The different types of screws are: Screw Head, Screw Thread Type and
Screw Drive Types.
9. What does GD&T stand for?
Ans: GD&T stands for Geometric Dimension and Tolerance.
10. Can you give the definition of coal?
Ans: Coal is a sedimentary rock that contains elements like sulfur, oxygen,
hydrogen and nitrogen.
11. What is the full form of AFBC?
Ans: The full form of AFBC is Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion.
12. What do you mean by Gravity?
Ans: It is the proportion of the mass of a substance to the density of a reference
substance.
13. What do you mean by latent heat?
Ans: It is the amount of heat that changes the property of a material without
increasing its temperature.
14. Explain case hardening.
Ans: It is the method of using low carbon steel for making the outer surfaces
harder.

15. What is a periscope?
Ans: It is an optical instrument used for viewing objects above the level of sight.
It is mostly used in submarines.
16. What are the different types of gate valves?
Ans: The different types of gate valves are
 Parallel disk gate
 Single disk gate
 Wedge Gate
17. How can we see the pipes behind the wall?
Ans: We can do so by using radio waves.
18. What is FOF in piping design?
Ans: FOF stands for Face of Flange.
19. What is extrusion?
Ans: Extrusion is the process by which a metal bar is elongated by pulling it
through a mandrel.
20. What are the two types of cooling towers?
Ans: The two types of cooling towers are: Natural draft and Mechanical or
induced draft.
21. What is Ferrite?
Ans: Ferrite is a magnetic iron rock.
22. What are the vital conditions of a perfect gas?
Ans: The vital conditions of a perfect gas are:
It needs to satisfy the state equation.
The specific heat should remain constant.
23. What is enthalpy?
Ans: Enthalpy is the heat content of a thermodynamic system.
24. What do you mean by torque?
Ans: Torque is the measure of force needed to rotate an object.
25. What does superheating mean?
Ans: Superheating is the process in which the fluid’s temperature is increased
along with the pressure.
2. Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions for Experienced
The following are samples of questions that are asked to candidates with
experience for a Mechanical Engineering job.
1. Can you differentiate between thermodynamics and heat transfer?
Ans: Thermodynamics changes one equilibrium state to another. Heat transfer is
a non-equilibrium process.
2. Why is Nitrogen used in welding?
Ans: Nitrogen is used in welding to stop oxygen and air from entering the fused
metal while welding.
3. Which gases can be used in welding instead of nitrogen?
Ans: Nitrogen can be replaced with argon, helium and carbon dioxide.
4. Why does white smoke come out in two-stroke locomotive engines?

Ans: White smoke comes out of two-stroke locomotive engines when the engine
is running out of fuel.
5. What is a turboprop engine?
Ans: A turboprop engine is a gas turbine engine used to power propellers. It is an
efficient engine for aircraft designs.
6. How do you differentiate between a rocket motion and a projectile motion?
Ans: A rocket motion uses a rocket that can accelerate the motion and resist
forces like gravity. A projectile motion is a force given to a body during its launch.
7. What do you mean by orthographic drawing?
Ans: An orthographic drawing is a 3D representation of any object. The 3 Faces
are: Plan view, Front view and Side view.
8. Can you provide us with some examples of mechanisms from our day-to-day life?
Ans: Some instances that show the use of mechanisms in our daily lives are
switching a light on or winding up a clock.
9. Can you expand ABFC?
Ans: The full form of ABFC is Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion.
10. Can you tell the features used to identify mild steel, cast iron and high carbon steel?
Ans: While mild steel gives medium and dense sparks, cast iron gives out thick
and short flashes. Meanwhile, high carbon steel gives long and thick sparks.
11. Do you know why a biological shield is used in nuclear plants?
Ans: The biological shield protects one from being exposed to neutron, gamma
and beta radiation.
12. Now, can you explain what a nuclear reactor is?
Ans: A nuclear reactor is a plant that control, sustains and maintains the nuclear
fission chain reaction, and thereby prevents exposure to radioactive radiation.
13. Why do you need to subject steel metal to heat treatment?
Ans: Heat treatment gives steel metal the desired properties.
14. Do you know why most gas containers are cylindrical?
Ans: Gas containers are built in a cylindrical shape to withstand high pressure.
The sphere can withstand high internal gas pressure.
15. Is it possible to use motor oil in a hydraulic system?
Ans: You can use motor oil in a hydraulic system but it is best to avoid it. The
reason is motor oil has elements that are harmful to seals and other parts of the
hydraulic system.
16. Why do aeroplanes made out of thicker paper fly for a longer distance?
Ans: The reason is the thicker paper has a greater mass and potential energy.
This changes into kinetic energy when it is in motion and gives the plane a larger
lift.
17. What is the mechanical advantage of a double pulley?
Ans: A double pulley reduces the effort by half and moves the object by double
the distance.
18. How are the pneumatic and hydraulic systems similar?

Ans: Both the systems use pressure to act on a particular application. The
difference is that the pneumatic system uses gases like air or nitrogen and the
hydraulic system uses oil or water.
19. What are Newtonian fluids?
Ans: Newtonian fluids are those that have a linear stress-strain relationship
curve. It also passes through the origin.
20. Why do we not use galvanized pipes for steam lines?
Ans: We do not use galvanized pipes for steam lines because the high pressure
and temperature of the steam cause the zinc coating on the pipe to flake off.
21. What is a disadvantage of supercritical boilers?
Ans: Supercritical boilers do not have a heavy drum for separating steam from
the mixture of water and steam.
22. Can you explain a process flow diagram?
Ans: A process flow diagram describes the primary flow course. It shows major
equipment, plant streams and the relationship between components.
23. What is a universal coupling?
Ans: A universal coupling is a pair of hinges connected by a cross shaft. The shaft
is used to connect two shafts with axes inclined to each other.
24. What is the Otto cycle?
Ans: The Otto cycle is a thermodynamic combustion cycle. It is how heat engines
turn gasoline into motion.
25. What type of computer programs does a mechanical engineer use?
Ans: A mechanical engineer uses software like Mathcad, MATLAB, SolidWorks
and Autodesk Inventor.
MECHTECH GURU
Q: What is Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)?
A: Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) refers to the
use of computer technology to integrate various
manufacturing functions and processes in a manufacturing
plant or facility.
Q: What are the key benefits of implementing CIM?
A: Some of the key benefits of implementing CIM include
improved efficiency, better product quality, reduced lead
times, increased flexibility, and better cost control.

Q: What are the major components of a CIM system?
A: A CIM system typically consists of several major
components, including computer-aided design (CAD),
computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), computer-aided
engineering (CAE), and computer-aided process planning
(CAPP).
Q: What is CAD?
A: Computer-aided design (CAD) is a technology that uses
computer software to create and modify digital models of
physical objects.
Q: What is CAM?
A: Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is a technology
that uses computer software to control machines and
processes used in manufacturing.
Q: What is CAE?
A: Computer-aided engineering (CAE) is a technology that
uses computer software to simulate and analyze the
performance of products and manufacturing processes.
Q: What is CAPP?
A: Computer-aided process planning (CAPP) is a technology
that uses computer software to create and optimize
manufacturing processes.
Q: What are some of the challenges in implementing CIM?
A: Some of the major challenges in implementing CIM
include the high cost of implementing and maintaining the
technology, the need for specialized skills and expertise, and
the need for effective integration with existing manufacturing
processes and equipment.

Q: How can CIM help companies stay competitive in today’s global marketplace?
A: CIM can help companies stay competitive by improving
their efficiency, reducing their costs, and enabling them to
produce higher-quality products more quickly and at a lower
cost than their competitors.
Q: What role do robots play in CIM?
A: Robots can play a variety of roles in CIM, including
performing repetitive tasks, handling hazardous materials,
and working in environments that are difficult or dangerous
for human workers.
Q: What is the future of CIM?
A: The future of CIM is likely to involve even greater
integration of digital technologies, such as the Internet of
Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), into
manufacturing processes, as well as the increasing use of
robots and other automated systems.
Q: What are some of the key applications of CIM in different industries?
A: CIM has applications in a wide range of industries,
including automotive, aerospace, electronics, food and
beverage, pharmaceuticals, and many others. In these
industries, CIM can be used to streamline production
processes, improve product quality, and reduce costs.
Q: What are some of the key technologies used in CIM?
A: Some of the key technologies used in CIM include
computer software for design, simulation, and process
planning; robotics and automation systems; sensors and
control systems; and data analytics and machine learning
algorithms.

Q: What are some of the benefits of using robotics in CIM?
A: Robotics can help to improve efficiency and quality in
manufacturing processes, reduce labor costs, and enable
manufacturers to produce complex products that would be
difficult or impossible to make manually.
Q: How does CIM improve supply chain management?
A: CIM can improve supply chain management by enabling
better coordination and communication between different
departments and suppliers, improving inventory
management, and reducing lead times.
Q: What are some of the challenges in implementing robotics and automation in
CIM?
A: Some of the challenges in implementing robotics and
automation in CIM include the high cost of equipment, the
need for specialized expertise to program and maintain the
systems, and the potential for job displacement and
workforce retraining.
Q: What is the role of data analytics in CIM?
A: Data analytics can be used in CIM to monitor and
optimize manufacturing processes, identify quality issues and
trends, and improve decision-making in real time.
Q: How can CIM help companies to meet sustainability goals?
A: CIM can help companies to meet sustainability goals by
reducing waste, improving energy efficiency, and optimizing
the use of resources such as water and raw materials.
Q: What is the relationship between CIM and Industry 4.0?
A: CIM is a key component of Industry 4.0, which is a broad
framework for the integration of digital technologies into

manufacturing processes to create “smart factories” that are
more efficient, flexible, and responsive.
Q: How does CIM support lean manufacturing principles?
A: CIM supports lean manufacturing principles by enabling
greater process visibility, reducing waste and non-value-
added activities, and improving overall efficiency and
quality.
Q: What are some of the potential risks associated with CIM?
A: Some of the potential risks associated with CIM include
cybersecurity threats, equipment failures, and the potential
for job displacement and social disruption.
Q: What are some of the key trends and developments in CIM?
A: Some of the key trends and developments in CIM include
the increasing use of digital twin technology, the integration
of additive manufacturing (3D printing) into manufacturing
processes, and the development of more advanced robotics
and automation systems.
Q: How can CIM help companies to improve their product design processes?
A: CIM can help companies to improve their product design
processes by enabling faster prototyping and testing,
improving collaboration and communication between design
and manufacturing teams, and providing better data and
analytics to inform design decisions.
Q: What is the role of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in CIM?
A: VR and AR can be used in CIM to provide immersive
training experiences for workers, simulate manufacturing
processes, and enable better visualization and
communication of design concepts.

Q: What are some of the key challenges in implementing additive manufacturing in
CIM?
A: Some of the key challenges in implementing additive
manufacturing in CIM include the need for specialized
expertise to design and operate the equipment, the limitations
of current materials and printing technologies, and the need
to integrate additive manufacturing into existing
manufacturing processes.
Q: How can CIM help to improve worker safety in manufacturing environments?
A: CIM can help to improve worker safety by automating
hazardous tasks, providing better training and support for
workers, and enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of
safety data.
Q: What are some of the ethical considerations associated with CIM?
A: Some of the ethical considerations associated with CIM
include the potential for job displacement and social
disruption, the use of automation and artificial intelligence in
decision-making processes, and the potential for privacy and
security breaches.
Q: What is the role of government policies and regulations in promoting CIM?
A: Government policies and regulations can play a key role
in promoting CIM by providing incentives for companies to
invest in new technologies, funding research and
development efforts, and establishing standards and
regulations to ensure the safe and responsible use of these
technologies.
Q: How can small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) benefit from CIM?
A: SMEs can benefit from CIM by improving their
efficiency and competitiveness, enabling them to produce
higher-quality products more quickly and at a lower cost than

their competitors, and providing access to new markets and
opportunities.
Q: What are some of the potential applications of CIM in healthcare?
A: CIM has potential applications in healthcare, such as in
the production of personalized medical devices, the
development of new pharmaceuticals, and the use of robotics
and automation in healthcare delivery and support services.
Q: What is the role of CIM in the development of smart cities?
A: CIM can play a key role in the development of smart
cities by enabling the integration of digital technologies into
urban infrastructure and services, improving efficiency and
sustainability, and enhancing quality of life for residents.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve quality control processes?
A: CIM can be used to improve quality control processes by
enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of production
data, providing better visibility into the production process,
and facilitating the identification and correction of quality
issues in a more timely and efficient manner.
Q: What is the relationship between CIM and digital transformation?
A: CIM is a key component of digital transformation, which
is the process of using digital technologies to transform
business processes, operations, and models.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve supply chain visibility and transparency?
A: CIM can be used to improve supply chain visibility and
transparency by enabling better coordination and
communication between suppliers, improving inventory
management, and providing real-time data on the status of
products and shipments.

Q: What is the role of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) in CIM?
A: The IIoT can be used in CIM to connect and automate
manufacturing processes, enable real-time monitoring and
analysis of production data, and improve overall efficiency
and quality.
Q: How can CIM help companies to adapt to changing market conditions?
A: CIM can help companies to adapt to changing market
conditions by enabling greater flexibility and responsiveness
in manufacturing processes, improving product innovation
and speed to market, and providing better visibility into
customer needs and preferences.
Q: What are some of the potential applications of CIM in the defense and security
industries?
A: CIM has potential applications in the defense and security
industries, such as in the production of military equipment
and weapons, the use of robotics and automation in
battlefield operations, and the development of advanced
surveillance and security systems.
Q: What are some of the key considerations in selecting and implementing CIM
technologies?
A: Some of the key considerations in selecting and
implementing CIM technologies include the cost and
complexity of the equipment, the availability of skilled
personnel, the compatibility with existing systems and
processes, and the potential impact on workforce and
operations.
Q: What is the role of digital manufacturing in CIM?
A: Digital manufacturing is a key component of CIM,
enabling the integration of digital technologies into

manufacturing processes to create more efficient, flexible,
and responsive production systems.
Q: How can CIM help companies to improve their sustainability performance?
A: CIM can help companies to improve their sustainability
performance by reducing waste, improving energy and
resource efficiency, and enabling the development of more
sustainable products and processes.
Q: What is the role of simulation software in CIM?
A: Simulation software is a key component of CIM, enabling
designers and engineers to test and refine production
processes before they are implemented, reducing the risk of
errors and improving overall efficiency and quality.
Q: How can CIM help companies to improve their customer service and satisfaction?
A: CIM can help companies to improve their customer
service and satisfaction by enabling faster and more accurate
delivery of products, providing better quality and
customization options, and facilitating better communication
and collaboration with customers.
Q: What are some of the potential benefits of implementing a CIM system?
A: Some of the potential benefits of implementing a CIM
system include increased efficiency and productivity,
improved product quality, reduced costs, greater flexibility
and responsiveness, and enhanced sustainability
performance.
Q: What is the role of cybersecurity in CIM?
A: Cybersecurity is a critical component of CIM, ensuring
the safe and secure operation of manufacturing processes and
protecting against potential threats and vulnerabilities.

Q: How can CIM be used to improve workplace diversity and inclusion?
A: CIM can be used to improve workplace diversity and
inclusion by enabling greater flexibility and remote working
options, reducing physical barriers to employment, and
facilitating greater collaboration and communication between
employees.
Q: What are some of the potential applications of CIM in the food and beverage
industry?
A: CIM has potential applications in the food and beverage
industry, such as in the production of customized and
specialty foods, the use of automation and robotics in food
processing and packaging, and the development of more
efficient and sustainable farming and production practices.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve employee training and development?
A: CIM can be used to improve employee training and
development by enabling the use of virtual and augmented
reality tools to simulate production processes and provide
hands-on training, and facilitating better communication and
collaboration between employees and trainers.
Q: What is the role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in CIM?
A: Machine learning and artificial intelligence can be used in
CIM to analyze and optimize production data, enable
predictive maintenance and quality control, and improve
overall efficiency and productivity.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve product customization and personalization?
A: CIM can be used to improve product customization and
personalization by enabling greater flexibility in production
processes, enabling the use of advanced manufacturing
technologies such as 3D printing and additive manufacturing,

and facilitating better collaboration and communication
between designers, engineers, and customers.
Q: What are some of the potential applications of CIM in the healthcare industry?
A: CIM has potential applications in the healthcare industry,
such as in the production of personalized medical devices
and implants, the use of robotics and automation in surgery
and patient care, and the development of more efficient and
sustainable healthcare practices.
Q: How can CIM help companies to improve their innovation capabilities?
A: CIM can help companies to improve their innovation
capabilities by enabling faster and more efficient prototyping
and product development, facilitating better collaboration
and communication between designers and engineers, and
providing better visibility into market trends and customer
needs.
Q: What is the role of data analytics in CIM?
A: Data analytics is a critical component of CIM, enabling
the collection and analysis of production data to optimize
processes, improve quality and efficiency, and inform
decision-making.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve the safety and health of workers?
A: CIM can be used to improve the safety and health of
workers by enabling the use of robotics and automation to
perform dangerous or repetitive tasks, providing better
training and development opportunities, and enabling the use
of remote monitoring and control systems to reduce exposure
to hazardous environments.

Q: What are some of the potential challenges and limitations of implementing CIM
technologies?
A: Some of the potential challenges and limitations of
implementing CIM technologies include the cost and
complexity of the equipment, the need for skilled personnel
to operate and maintain the systems, the potential impact on
employment and workforce training, and the potential risks
associated with cyber threats and security vulnerabilities.
Q: What is the role of digital twin technology in CIM?
A: Digital twin technology is a key component of CIM,
enabling the creation of virtual models of production
processes and systems to optimize performance, simulate
production scenarios, and facilitate predictive maintenance
and quality control.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve the efficiency and sustainability of energy and
resource use?
A: CIM can be used to improve the efficiency and
sustainability of energy and resource use by enabling the use
of renewable energy sources, improving energy and resource
efficiency through better process control and optimization,
and facilitating the development of more sustainable
products and processes.
Q: What is the role of additive manufacturing (3D printing) in CIM?
A: Additive manufacturing is a key component of CIM,
enabling the production of customized and complex parts and
products, reducing waste and material usage, and facilitating
faster and more efficient prototyping and product
development.

Q: How can CIM be used to improve the resilience and agility of supply chains?
A: CIM can be used to improve the resilience and agility of
supply chains by enabling better coordination and
communication between suppliers and customers, improving
inventory management, and facilitating the use of advanced
logistics and transportation technologies.
Q: What are some of the potential ethical and social implications of implementing
CIM technologies?
A: Some of the potential ethical and social implications of
implementing CIM technologies include the potential impact
on employment and workforce training, the potential for
increased surveillance and monitoring of workers, the
potential for displacement of workers due to automation, and
the potential for increased income inequality.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve quality control and reduce waste in production
processes?
A: CIM can be used to improve quality control and reduce
waste in production processes by enabling better monitoring
and analysis of production data, facilitating real-time
adjustments to production processes, and providing better
visibility into supply chain operations.
Q: What is the role of robotics in CIM?
A: Robotics is a key component of CIM, enabling the
automation of repetitive and dangerous tasks, improving
efficiency and productivity, and reducing the risk of human
error.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve sustainability and reduce environmental
impacts?
A: CIM can be used to improve sustainability and reduce
environmental impacts by enabling the use of renewable

energy sources, improving energy and resource efficiency,
and facilitating the development of more sustainable
products and processes.
Q: What is the role of digitalization in CIM?
A: Digitalization is a critical component of CIM, enabling
the integration of data and communication technologies into
production processes, facilitating better coordination and
collaboration between systems and stakeholders, and
improving overall efficiency and productivity.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve customer satisfaction and loyalty?
A: CIM can be used to improve customer satisfaction and
loyalty by enabling greater flexibility in production
processes, enabling the development of more customized and
personalized products, and facilitating better communication
and collaboration between designers, engineers, and
customers.
Q: What is the role of virtual and augmented reality in CIM?
A: Virtual and augmented reality can be used in CIM to
simulate production processes and provide hands-on training,
enable real-time monitoring and control of production
systems, and facilitate better collaboration and
communication between stakeholders.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve the speed and efficiency of new product
development?
A: CIM can be used to improve the speed and efficiency of
new product development by enabling faster and more
efficient prototyping and product testing, facilitating better
collaboration and communication between designers and
engineers, and providing better visibility into market trends
and customer needs.

Q: What is the role of cybersecurity in CIM?
A: Cybersecurity is a critical component of CIM, ensuring
the protection of sensitive data and systems, preventing cyber
threats and attacks, and facilitating the safe and secure
operation of production processes and systems.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve the safety and quality of food production?
A: CIM can be used to improve the safety and quality of food
production by enabling better monitoring and analysis of
production data, facilitating real-time adjustments to
production processes, and providing better visibility into
supply chain operations.
Q: What is the role of cloud computing in CIM?
A: Cloud computing is a key component of CIM, enabling
the storage and analysis of large amounts of production data,
facilitating better communication and collaboration between
stakeholders, and providing access to advanced analytics and
simulation tools.
Q: How can CIM be used to improve the reliability and uptime of production
systems?
A: CIM can be used to improve the reliability and uptime of
production systems by enabling real-time monitoring and
analysis of production data, facilitating predictive
maintenance and quality control, and providing better
visibility into supply chain operations.
Q: What is the role of blockchain technology in CIM?
A: Blockchain technology can be used in CIM to improve
supply chain transparency and traceability, enable better
coordination and communication between stakeholders, and
provide a secure and decentralized platform for data storage
and sharing.

Q: How can CIM be used to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of logistics and
transportation?
A: CIM can be used to improve the efficiency and
effectiveness of logistics and transportation by enabling
better coordination and communication between suppliers
and customers, improving inventory management, and
facilitating the use of advanced logistics and transportation
technologies.
MECHTECH GURU
Fluid mechanics interview questions and answers
Q: What is fluid mechanics?
A: Fluid mechanics is the study of fluids, which includes
liquids, gases, and plasmas. It deals with the behavior of
fluids when they are in motion or at rest, and the forces and
energy associated with the motion of fluids.
Q: What are the types of fluids?
A: There are three types of fluids: liquids, gases, and
plasmas.
Q: What is the difference between a liquid and a gas?
A: Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape,
while gases have neither a definite volume nor a definite
shape.

Q: What is viscosity?
A: Viscosity is a fluid property that describes the resistance
of a fluid to flow. It is a measure of the internal friction
within the fluid.
Q: What is the difference between laminar and turbulent flow?
A: Laminar flow is a smooth, orderly flow pattern in which
the fluid flows in layers, while turbulent flow is characterized
by irregular, chaotic flow patterns.
Q: What is Bernoulli’s equation?
A: Bernoulli’s equation is a fundamental equation in fluid
mechanics that relates the pressure, velocity, and elevation of
a fluid in a steady flow.
Q: What is a boundary layer?
A: A boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid that is adjacent
to a solid surface in a fluid flow. It is characterized by a
gradual transition from zero velocity at the surface to the free
stream velocity.
Q: What is a lift force?
A: A lift force is a force that is generated by a fluid flow
around an object. It is perpendicular to the direction of the
flow and is responsible for the upward force on an airfoil that
allows it to generate lift.
Q: What is a drag force?
A: A drag force is a force that is generated by a fluid flow
around an object. It is parallel to the direction of the flow and
is responsible for the resistance to motion of the object
through the fluid.

Q: What is the difference between a centrifugal pump and a positive displacement
pump?
A: A centrifugal pump is a dynamic pump that works by
imparting momentum to the fluid and converting it to
pressure, while a positive displacement pump works by
trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it through the
pump.
Q: What is cavitation?
A: Cavitation is the formation of vapor bubbles in a fluid
when the pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the
fluid. It can cause damage to pumps and other fluid-handling
equipment.
Q: What is the difference between laminar and turbulent boundary layers?
A: A laminar boundary layer is a thin layer of fluid that is
adjacent to a solid surface in which the fluid flows in smooth,
parallel layers, while a turbulent boundary layer is
characterized by irregular, chaotic flow patterns.
Q: What is the Coanda effect?
A: The Coanda effect is a phenomenon in fluid mechanics in
which a fluid jet or stream follows a curved surface rather
than continuing in a straight line.
Q: What is the difference between steady and unsteady flow?
A: Steady flow is a flow pattern in which the fluid properties
(such as velocity and pressure) do not change with time,
while unsteady flow is characterized by changes in these
properties over time.
Q: What is a hydraulic jump?
A: A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs when a
fast-moving fluid abruptly slows down and increases in

height. This can occur when a high-velocity fluid flows into
a pool or a basin.
Q: What is the difference between a closed and open system in fluid mechanics?
A: In fluid mechanics, a closed system is one in which no
mass can enter or leave the system, while an open system
allows for the inflow and outflow of mass.
Q: What is the difference between compressible and incompressible fluids?
A: Compressible fluids are fluids that can be compressed or
expanded under pressure, while incompressible fluids are
fluids that cannot be compressed or expanded under pressure.
Q: What is a pump curve?
A: A pump curve is a graphical representation of a pump’s
performance characteristics, showing how its flow rate and
pressure vary under different operating conditions.
Q: What is a diffuser?
A: A diffuser is a component of a fluid system that is used to
slow down the fluid flow and increase its pressure. It is often
used in conjunction with a pump or a compressor.
Q: What is the difference between a laminar and turbulent pipe flow?
A: Laminar pipe flow is a smooth, orderly flow pattern in
which the fluid flows in layers, while turbulent pipe flow is
Q: What is the difference between a nozzle and a diffuser?
A: A nozzle is a component of a fluid system that is used to
increase the velocity of the fluid flow and decrease its
pressure, while a diffuser is used to slow down the fluid flow
and increase its pressure.

Q: What is a boundary layer separation?
A: Boundary layer separation is a phenomenon in fluid
mechanics in which the boundary layer detaches from a solid
surface, creating a wake behind the object. This can result in
increased drag and reduced lift.
Q: What is a hydraulic gradient?
A: A hydraulic gradient is the slope of the water table or
piezometric surface in an aquifer. It represents the rate of
change of hydraulic head with distance along the flow path.
Q: What is a vorticity?
A: Vorticity is a measure of the rotation of fluid particles in a
fluid flow. It is related to the curl of the velocity field and
can be used to predict the formation of vortices in a flow.
Q: What is a pitot tube?
A: A pitot tube is a device that is used to measure the
velocity of a fluid flow. It works by measuring the difference
in pressure between a stagnation point and a point in the fluid
flow.
Q: What is a fluidized bed?
A: A fluidized bed is a system in which a solid material is
suspended and agitated in a fluid flow. This can be used for
various purposes, such as mixing, drying, and chemical
reactions.
Q: What is the difference between a centrifugal and positive displacement pump?
A: A centrifugal pump uses an impeller to create a flow by
increasing the kinetic energy of the fluid, while a positive
displacement pump uses a mechanical mechanism to trap and
move a fixed amount of fluid.

Q: What is a Reynolds number?
A: The Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity used in
fluid mechanics to predict whether a fluid flow will be
laminar or turbulent. It is defined as the ratio of inertial
forces to viscous forces.
MECHTECH GURU
mechtechguru.com
6 months ago
Contents show
A: Fluid mechanics is the study of fluids, which includes
liquids, gases, and plasmas. It deals with the behavior of
fluids when they are in motion or at rest, and the forces
and energy associated with the motion of fluids.
plasmas.

A: Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape,
while gases have neither a definite volume nor a definite
shape.
A: Viscosity is a fluid property that describes the
resistance of a fluid to flow. It is a measure of the internal
friction within the fluid.
A: Laminar flow is a smooth, orderly flow pattern in
which the fluid flows in layers, while turbulent flow is
A: Bernoulli’s equation is a fundamental equation in fluid
mechanics that relates the pressure, velocity, and
elevation of a fluid in a steady flow.
A: A boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid that is
adjacent to a solid surface in a fluid flow. It is
characterized by a gradual transition from zero velocity at
the surface to the free stream velocity.
A: A lift force is a force that is generated by a fluid flow
around an object. It is perpendicular to the direction of the
flow and is responsible for the upward force on an airfoil
that allows it to generate lift.
A: A drag force is a force that is generated by a fluid flow
around an object. It is parallel to the direction of the flow

and is responsible for the resistance to motion of the
object through the fluid.
Q: What is the difference between a centrifugal pump and a positive
displacement pump?
A: A centrifugal pump is a dynamic pump that works by
imparting momentum to the fluid and converting it to
pressure, while a positive displacement pump works by
trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it through the
pump.
A: Cavitation is the formation of vapor bubbles in a fluid
when the pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the
fluid. It can cause damage to pumps and other fluid-
handling equipment.
A: A laminar boundary layer is a thin layer of fluid that is
adjacent to a solid surface in which the fluid flows in
smooth, parallel layers, while a turbulent boundary layer
is characterized by irregular, chaotic flow patterns.
A: The Coanda effect is a phenomenon in fluid mechanics
in which a fluid jet or stream follows a curved surface
rather than continuing in a straight line.
A: Steady flow is a flow pattern in which the fluid
properties (such as velocity and pressure) do not change
with time, while unsteady flow is characterized by
changes in these properties over time.

A: A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs when a
fast-moving fluid abruptly slows down and increases in
height. This can occur when a high-velocity fluid flows
into a pool or a basin.
Q: What is the difference between a closed and open system in fluid mechanics?
A: In fluid mechanics, a closed system is one in which no
mass can enter or leave the system, while an open system
allows for the inflow and outflow of mass.
A: Compressible fluids are fluids that can be compressed
or expanded under pressure, while incompressible fluids
are fluids that cannot be compressed or expanded under
pressure.
A: A pump curve is a graphical representation of a
pump’s performance characteristics, showing how its
flow rate and pressure vary under different operating
conditions.
A: A diffuser is a component of a fluid system that is used
to slow down the fluid flow and increase its pressure. It is
often used in conjunction with a pump or a compressor.
A: Laminar pipe flow is a smooth, orderly flow pattern in
which the fluid flows in layers, while turbulent pipe flow
is characterized by irregular, chaotic flow patterns.

A: A nozzle is a component of a fluid system that is used
to increase the velocity of the fluid flow and decrease its
pressure, while a diffuser is used to slow down the fluid
flow and increase its pressure.
mechanics in which the boundary layer detaches from a
solid surface, creating a wake behind the object. This can
result in increased drag and reduced lift.
A: A hydraulic gradient is the slope of the water table or
piezometric surface in an aquifer. It represents the rate of
change of hydraulic head with distance along the flow
path.
A: Vorticity is a measure of the rotation of fluid particles
in a fluid flow. It is related to the curl of the velocity field
and can be used to predict the formation of vortices in a
flow.
velocity of a fluid flow. It works by measuring the
difference in pressure between a stagnation point and a
point in the fluid flow.
A: A fluidized bed is a system in which a solid material is
suspended and agitated in a fluid flow. This can be used

for various purposes, such as mixing, drying, and
chemical reactions.
Q: What is the difference between a centrifugal and positive displacement
pump?
A: A centrifugal pump uses an impeller to create a flow
by increasing the kinetic energy of the fluid, while a
positive displacement pump uses a mechanical
mechanism to trap and move a fixed amount of fluid.
A: The Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity used
in fluid mechanics to predict whether a fluid flow will be
laminar or turbulent. It is defined as the ratio of inertial
forces to viscous forces.
Q: What is the Bernoulli’s principle?
A: Bernoulli’s principle is a fundamental principle in
fluid mechanics that states that as the velocity of a fluid
increases, its pressure decreases, and vice versa.
Q: What is a cavitation?
A: Cavitation is a phenomenon that occurs when the
pressure of a fluid drops below its vapor pressure, causing
bubbles to form and then rapidly collapse. This can cause
damage to pumps, propellers, and other equipment.
Q: What is a pressure head?
A: Pressure head is the vertical distance that a fluid can
be lifted by a pump, measured in units of length.
Q: What is the difference between a jet engine and a rocket engine?
A: A jet engine uses the atmospheric air for combustion,
while a rocket engine carries its own oxidizer, fuel, and
ignition source.

MECHTECH GURU
mechtechguru.com
6 months ago
Contents show
A: Fluid mechanics is the study of fluids, which
includes liquids, gases, and plasmas. It deals with the
behavior of fluids when they are in motion or at rest,
and the forces and energy associated with the motion
of fluids.
plasmas.
A: Liquids have a definite volume but no definite
shape, while gases have neither a definite volume nor
a definite shape.

A: Viscosity is a fluid property that describes the
resistance of a fluid to flow. It is a measure of the
internal friction within the fluid.
A: Laminar flow is a smooth, orderly flow pattern in
which the fluid flows in layers, while turbulent flow is
A: Bernoulli’s equation is a fundamental equation in
fluid mechanics that relates the pressure, velocity, and
elevation of a fluid in a steady flow.
A: A boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid that is
adjacent to a solid surface in a fluid flow. It is
characterized by a gradual transition from zero
velocity at the surface to the free stream velocity.
A: A lift force is a force that is generated by a fluid
flow around an object. It is perpendicular to the
direction of the flow and is responsible for the upward
force on an airfoil that allows it to generate lift.
A: A drag force is a force that is generated by a fluid
flow around an object. It is parallel to the direction of
the flow and is responsible for the resistance to motion
of the object through the fluid.

Q: What is the difference between a centrifugal pump and a positive
displacement pump?
A: A centrifugal pump is a dynamic pump that works
by imparting momentum to the fluid and converting it
to pressure, while a positive displacement pump works
by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it
through the pump.
A: Cavitation is the formation of vapor bubbles in a
fluid when the pressure drops below the vapor
pressure of the fluid. It can cause damage to pumps
and other fluid-handling equipment.
A: A laminar boundary layer is a thin layer of fluid
that is adjacent to a solid surface in which the fluid
flows in smooth, parallel layers, while a turbulent
boundary layer is characterized by irregular, chaotic
flow patterns.
A: The Coanda effect is a phenomenon in fluid
mechanics in which a fluid jet or stream follows a
curved surface rather than continuing in a straight line.
A: Steady flow is a flow pattern in which the fluid
properties (such as velocity and pressure) do not
change with time, while unsteady flow is characterized
by changes in these properties over time.

A: A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs
when a fast-moving fluid abruptly slows down and
increases in height. This can occur when a high-
velocity fluid flows into a pool or a basin.
Q: What is the difference between a closed and open system in fluid
mechanics?
A: In fluid mechanics, a closed system is one in which
no mass can enter or leave the system, while an open
system allows for the inflow and outflow of mass.
A: Compressible fluids are fluids that can be
compressed or expanded under pressure, while
incompressible fluids are fluids that cannot be
compressed or expanded under pressure.
A: A pump curve is a graphical representation of a
pump’s performance characteristics, showing how its
flow rate and pressure vary under different operating
conditions.
A: A diffuser is a component of a fluid system that is
used to slow down the fluid flow and increase its
pressure. It is often used in conjunction with a pump
or a compressor.
A: Laminar pipe flow is a smooth, orderly flow pattern
in which the fluid flows in layers, while turbulent pipe

flow is characterized by irregular, chaotic flow
patterns.
A: A nozzle is a component of a fluid system that is
used to increase the velocity of the fluid flow and
decrease its pressure, while a diffuser is used to slow
down the fluid flow and increase its pressure.
mechanics in which the boundary layer detaches from
a solid surface, creating a wake behind the object. This
can result in increased drag and reduced lift.
A: A hydraulic gradient is the slope of the water table
or piezometric surface in an aquifer. It represents the
rate of change of hydraulic head with distance along
the flow path.
A: Vorticity is a measure of the rotation of fluid
particles in a fluid flow. It is related to the curl of the
velocity field and can be used to predict the formation
of vortices in a flow.
velocity of a fluid flow. It works by measuring the
difference in pressure between a stagnation point and a
point in the fluid flow.

A: A fluidized bed is a system in which a solid
material is suspended and agitated in a fluid flow. This
can be used for various purposes, such as mixing,
drying, and chemical reactions.
Q: What is the difference between a centrifugal and positive displacement
pump?
A: A centrifugal pump uses an impeller to create a
flow by increasing the kinetic energy of the fluid,
while a positive displacement pump uses a mechanical
mechanism to trap and move a fixed amount of fluid.
A: The Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity
used in fluid mechanics to predict whether a fluid flow
will be laminar or turbulent. It is defined as the ratio of
inertial forces to viscous forces.
Q: What is the Bernoulli’s principle?
A: Bernoulli’s principle is a fundamental principle in
fluid mechanics that states that as the velocity of a
fluid increases, its pressure decreases, and vice versa.
pressure of a fluid drops below its vapor pressure,
causing bubbles to form and then rapidly collapse.
This can cause damage to pumps, propellers, and other
equipment.
A: Pressure head is the vertical distance that a fluid
can be lifted by a pump, measured in units of length.

Q: What is the difference between a jet engine and a rocket engine?
A: A jet engine uses the atmospheric air for
combustion, while a rocket engine carries its own
oxidizer, fuel, and ignition source.
Q: What is a drag coefficient?
A: The drag coefficient is a dimensionless quantity
that is used to quantify the resistance of an object to
fluid flow. It depends on the shape of the object, its
size, and the fluid properties.
Q: What is the continuity equation?
A: The continuity equation is a fundamental equation
in fluid mechanics that states that the mass flow rate of
a fluid through any given cross-sectional area must
remain constant, assuming no mass is added or
removed.
Q: What is a laminar boundary layer?
A: A laminar boundary layer is a thin layer of fluid
that forms along a solid surface in a smooth, ordered
manner. It is characterized by a gradual increase in
velocity from the surface to the outer flow.
Q: What is a hydraulic system?
A: A hydraulic system is a system that uses a fluid to
transmit power or force from one point to another. It
typically consists of a pump, a reservoir, and a
network of pipes or hoses.
Q: What is a subsonic flow?
A: A subsonic flow is a fluid flow in which the fluid
velocity is less than the speed of sound. In such flows,

the compressibility of the fluid can usually be
neglected.
Q: What is the difference between laminar and turbulent boundary layer?
A: A laminar boundary layer is smooth and ordered,
while a turbulent boundary layer is characterized by
chaotic flow patterns and mixing of fluid. The
transition from laminar to turbulent boundary layer
depends on Reynolds number.
Q: What is the difference between steady-state and unsteady-state flows?
A: Steady-state flows are those in which the fluid
properties, such as velocity and pressure, remain
constant with respect to time at any given point in the
flow field, while unsteady-state flows are those in
which the fluid properties vary with time.
Q: What is a fluid force?
A: A fluid force is the force exerted on an object by a
fluid in motion. This force can be divided into drag
force, lift force, and buoyancy force.
Q: What is a stagnation point?
A: A stagnation point is a point in a fluid flow where
the velocity of the fluid is zero. At this point, the
pressure of the fluid is at its maximum value.
Q: What is a shock wave?
A: A shock wave is a type of wave that is generated
when a fluid flow exceeds the speed of sound. It is
characterized by a sudden, drastic change in pressure
and density.

Q: What is a streamline?
A: A streamline is a line that represents the direction
of fluid flow at a given point in a fluid flow field. It is
perpendicular to the fluid velocity vector.
Q: What is the Mach number?
A: The Mach number is a dimensionless quantity that
is used to characterize the speed of an object relative
to the speed of sound in the surrounding medium.
Q: What is a hydraulic accumulator?
A: A hydraulic accumulator is a device that is used to
store hydraulic energy in the form of pressurized fluid.
It can be used to supplement the flow from a hydraulic
pump and to maintain system pressure during peak
demand.
Q: What is a lift coefficient?
A: The lift coefficient is a dimensionless quantity that
is used to quantify the ability of an object to generate
lift when moving through a fluid. It depends on the
shape of the object and the angle of attack.
Q: What is a wind tunnel?
A: A wind tunnel is a device that is used to study the
behavior of fluid flows around objects at different
speeds and angles. It consists of a test section, a fan,
and a measuring system.
Q: What is a manometer?
A: A manometer is a device that is used to measure
the pressure of a fluid. It typically consists of a U-
shaped tube filled with a fluid, such as mercury or

water, and a scale to measure the height difference
between the two legs of the tube.
Q: What is a fluid viscosity?
A: Fluid viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance
to flow. It is related to the internal friction between
fluid molecules and depends on temperature and
pressure.
Q: What is a swirl flow?
A: A swirl flow is a fluid flow that contains a
rotational component around a central axis. It can be
used to improve mixing and heat transfer in fluid
systems.
Q: What is a Venturi meter?
A: A Venturi meter is a device used to measure the
flow rate of a fluid in a pipe. It consists of a narrow
section, called a throat, and two wider sections, called
the inlet and outlet.
A: A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs
when a high-velocity fluid flow meets a low-velocity
fluid flow. It results in a sudden increase in the fluid
depth and a decrease in velocity.
pressure of a fluid drops below its vapor pressure,
causing bubbles to form in the fluid. It can cause
damage to machinery and reduce efficiency in fluid
systems.

Q: What is a fluid head?
A: Fluid head is the energy per unit weight of a fluid
due to its pressure and elevation. It is often used in
hydraulic and fluid systems to describe the energy of
the fluid.
Q: What is laminar flow?
A: Laminar flow is a type of fluid flow in which the fluid moves
in parallel layers with no turbulence. It occurs at low velocities
and is characterized by a smooth and orderly flow pattern.
Q: What is turbulent flow?
A: Turbulent flow is a type of fluid flow in which the fluid
moves in a chaotic and irregular pattern. It occurs at high
velocities and is characterized by fluctuations in velocity and
pressure.
A: Pressure head is the energy per unit weight of a fluid due to
its pressure. It is often used in hydraulic and fluid systems to
describe the pressure of the fluid.
Q: What is a siphon?
A: A siphon is a device used to transfer fluid from a higher level
to a lower level by means of a tube. It works by using the
difference in pressure between the two levels to create a flow of
fluid through the tube.
Q: What is a water hammer?
A: A water hammer is a pressure surge that occurs in a fluid
system when a fluid flow is suddenly stopped or redirected. It

can cause damage to pipes and equipment and can be prevented
with the use of surge suppression devices.
Q: What is the Navier-Stokes equation?
A: The Navier-Stokes equation is a set of partial differential
equations that describe the motion of a fluid. It takes into
account the forces acting on the fluid, including pressure,
viscosity, and external forces.
Q: What is the Euler equation?
A: The Euler equation is a simplified version of the Navier-
Stokes equation that neglects the effects of viscosity. It is used
to study the motion of ideal fluids, such as air.
A: A boundary layer is a thin layer of fluid that forms at the
surface of a solid object in contact with a fluid. It is
characterized by a gradual increase in velocity from zero at the
surface to the free stream velocity away from the surface.
Q: What is drag?
A: Drag is a force that opposes the motion of an object through a
fluid. It is caused by the interaction between the fluid and the
object and is dependent on the shape and size of the object and
the properties of the fluid.
Q: What is lift?
A: Lift is a force that acts perpendicular to the direction of
motion of an object through a fluid. It is caused by the
difference in pressure above and below the object and is
dependent on the shape and angle of attack of the object.

Q: What is a boundary condition?
A: A boundary condition is a set of conditions that must be
specified at the boundaries of a fluid system to determine the
behavior of the fluid. Examples include specifying the velocity
or pressure at the boundary.
Q: What is a shock wave?
A: A shock wave is a high-pressure wave that travels through a
fluid faster than the speed of sound. It is caused by a sudden
change in flow conditions and is characterized by a steep
increase in pressure and temperature.
Q: What is a compressible flow?
A: A compressible flow is a type of fluid flow in which the
density of the fluid changes due to changes in pressure and
temperature. It is typically observed at high velocities and is
important in the design of aircraft and rockets.

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