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卒業論文
数値流体解析による矩形断面柱の
空力特性シミュレーション
第1研究分野(橋と自然)
SOUKSIVONGXAY SOULACHACK
研究の背景
建築構造物・橋梁等の耐風性、振動応答特性
を検討する際、一般的に風洞実験が行われる
しかしながら
風洞実験:時間、手間、コストがかかり、最適断
面決定における自由度が高くない
数値流体解析を組み込むことで、構造設計に必要
となる耐風性検討などの効率化が期待できる
研究の内容・目的
橋梁・建物等の構造物によく見られる矩形断面柱
を対象とした数値流体解析を行う
●一様流中の物体の空力特性の2次元解析(RANS)
⇒既往の実験・解析結果と比較検証
●乱流中の物体の空力特性の3次元乱流解析(LES)
⇒ 乱流部分相似法の妥当性を比較検証
一様流の解析モデル(2D解析)
D=10cm
B
5D5D
5D 20D
流入 U0=4.1m/s
No-slip条件(u=v=0)
解析領域・境界条件
要素分割形状
Reynolds 数 2.21E+04
辺長比(B/D) 0.3~3.0
時間刻み(Δt) 0.005(s)
総時間ステップ数 1000
総要素数 21360~21786
主な解析パラメータ RANS解析方法・ k-εモデル
を用いた2次元解析
一様流中の物体の空力
特性を検討
Slip条件(U≠0,V=0)
Slip条件(U≠0,V=0)
圧力出口
Reynolds Averaged Navier・stoke
Simulation
乱流の解析モデル(3D解析)
解析領域・境界条件・メッシュ形状
Reynolds 数 2.21E+04
辺長比(B/D) 1.0
時間刻み(Δt) 0.005(s)
総時間ステップ数 1000
総要素数 120532
主な解析パラメータ
乱流部分相似法での小スケール
渦領域一致乱流間の物体の
空力特性検討
LES(Large Eddy Simulation)解析
x
y
z
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
一様流に関する結果
●: 2D(RANS)
●: 3D(LES)
X/D
U/Uo U/Uo
X/D
:Shimada&Ishihara
:Franke&Rodi
:Kato&Launder
:Experiment by I.yn
死水領域(U/Uo≤0)の範囲が既往の
研究成果と一致していることを確認
本解析結果 既往研究の実験・解析結果
中心軸上の時間平均化した水平風速分布(辺長比1.0)
死水領域
0
1
2
3
4
0 1 2 3
一様流に関する結果
辺長比B/D=0.3
CD=2.73
臨界辺長比≒0.6
● CDは高めに評価されるが傾向は一致し、臨界辺長比も一致
断面辺長比と平均抗力係数CDの関係
本解析結果(2D・RANS) 既往研究の実験・解析
結果
CD
● 臨界辺長比0.6における剥離せん断層の発生を再現
B/D
CD
B/D
◊ :Nakaguchi et al.
Δ :Ohtsuki et al.
○:Tamura&Ito(3D cal.)
●:Shimada&Ishihara(2D cal.)
臨界辺長比≒0.6
臨界辺長比B/D≒0.6 辺長比B/D=1.0
0
1
2
3
4
0 1 2 3
一様流に関する結果
辺長比B/D=0.3
CD=2.73
臨界辺長比≒0.6
● CDは高めに評価されるが傾向は一致し、臨界辺長比も一致
断面辺長比と平均抗力係数CDの関係
本解析結果(2D・RANS) 既往研究の実験・解析
結果
CD
● 臨界辺長比0.6における剥離せん断層の発生を再現
B/D
CD
B/D
◊ :Nakaguchi et al.
Δ :Ohtsuki et al.
○:Tamura&Ito(3D cal.)
●:Shimada&Ishihara(2D cal.)
臨界辺長比≒0.6
臨界辺長比B/D≒0.6
CD=2.20
辺長比B/D=1.0
CD=3.43
乱流に関する結果
慣性小領域でのスペクトル
密度分布が一致する
(乱流部分相似)
Irwinによる提案式:
小スケール渦相似の要件
風速変動パワースペクトル密度分布
E(f)
f(Hz)
:Hino
:ESDU74031
:Iu=5%,Lu/D=1.0
:Iu=7.5%,Lu/D=3.375
小スケール渦領域⇒自然風
矩形断面柱における乱流部分相似法の妥当性の検討
Iu=10%,Lu/D=1.0
Xp
Cp
乱流部分相似法の検討
物体表面上の圧力係数分布(辺長比B/D=1.0)
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
●:Iu=5%,Lu/D=1.0
0.0
0.5 1.5
2.0
Xp
風
小スケール渦領域一致乱流
乱流部分相似法の妥当性が確認される(● ●)
ただし
様々な検討ケース・検討方法で行うのが今後の課題である
大きな乱れ強さの影響より、
負圧力が大きくなる
●:Iu=7.5%,Lu/D=3.375
●:Iu=10%,Lu/D=1.0
結論
1) 一様流中に置かれた物体周りの空力特性:
● 本解析結果による物体周りの流れ特性、平均空気
力係数は既往の実験・解析結果とよく一致している。
2) 乱流中に置かれた物体周りの空力特性:
● 乱流部分相似法の妥当性が確認された。様々な
検討ケース・方法で行うのが今後の課題である。

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