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Simulation of aerodynamics characteristics on rectangular cylinders by computational fluid dynamics
1.
卒業論文 数値流体解析による矩形断面柱の 空力特性シミュレーション 第1研究分野(橋と自然) SOUKSIVONGXAY SOULACHACK
2.
研究の背景 建築構造物・橋梁等の耐風性、振動応答特性 を検討する際、一般的に風洞実験が行われる しかしながら 風洞実験:時間、手間、コストがかかり、最適断 面決定における自由度が高くない 数値流体解析を組み込むことで、構造設計に必要 となる耐風性検討などの効率化が期待できる
3.
研究の内容・目的 橋梁・建物等の構造物によく見られる矩形断面柱 を対象とした数値流体解析を行う ●一様流中の物体の空力特性の2次元解析(RANS) ⇒既往の実験・解析結果と比較検証 ●乱流中の物体の空力特性の3次元乱流解析(LES) ⇒ 乱流部分相似法の妥当性を比較検証
4.
一様流の解析モデル(2D解析) D=10cm B 5D5D 5D 20D 流入 U0=4.1m/s No-slip条件(u=v=0) 解析領域・境界条件 要素分割形状 Reynolds
数 2.21E+04 辺長比(B/D) 0.3~3.0 時間刻み(Δt) 0.005(s) 総時間ステップ数 1000 総要素数 21360~21786 主な解析パラメータ RANS解析方法・ k-εモデル を用いた2次元解析 一様流中の物体の空力 特性を検討 Slip条件(U≠0,V=0) Slip条件(U≠0,V=0) 圧力出口 Reynolds Averaged Navier・stoke Simulation
5.
乱流の解析モデル(3D解析) 解析領域・境界条件・メッシュ形状 Reynolds 数 2.21E+04 辺長比(B/D)
1.0 時間刻み(Δt) 0.005(s) 総時間ステップ数 1000 総要素数 120532 主な解析パラメータ 乱流部分相似法での小スケール 渦領域一致乱流間の物体の 空力特性検討 LES(Large Eddy Simulation)解析 x y z
6.
-0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -2 -1 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 一様流に関する結果 ●: 2D(RANS) ●: 3D(LES) X/D U/Uo U/Uo X/D :Shimada&Ishihara :Franke&Rodi :Kato&Launder :Experiment by I.yn 死水領域(U/Uo≤0)の範囲が既往の 研究成果と一致していることを確認 本解析結果 既往研究の実験・解析結果 中心軸上の時間平均化した水平風速分布(辺長比1.0) 死水領域
7.
0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2
3 一様流に関する結果 辺長比B/D=0.3 CD=2.73 臨界辺長比≒0.6 ● CDは高めに評価されるが傾向は一致し、臨界辺長比も一致 断面辺長比と平均抗力係数CDの関係 本解析結果(2D・RANS) 既往研究の実験・解析 結果 CD ● 臨界辺長比0.6における剥離せん断層の発生を再現 B/D CD B/D ◊ :Nakaguchi et al. Δ :Ohtsuki et al. ○:Tamura&Ito(3D cal.) ●:Shimada&Ishihara(2D cal.) 臨界辺長比≒0.6 臨界辺長比B/D≒0.6 辺長比B/D=1.0
8.
0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2
3 一様流に関する結果 辺長比B/D=0.3 CD=2.73 臨界辺長比≒0.6 ● CDは高めに評価されるが傾向は一致し、臨界辺長比も一致 断面辺長比と平均抗力係数CDの関係 本解析結果(2D・RANS) 既往研究の実験・解析 結果 CD ● 臨界辺長比0.6における剥離せん断層の発生を再現 B/D CD B/D ◊ :Nakaguchi et al. Δ :Ohtsuki et al. ○:Tamura&Ito(3D cal.) ●:Shimada&Ishihara(2D cal.) 臨界辺長比≒0.6 臨界辺長比B/D≒0.6 CD=2.20 辺長比B/D=1.0 CD=3.43
9.
乱流に関する結果 慣性小領域でのスペクトル 密度分布が一致する (乱流部分相似) Irwinによる提案式: 小スケール渦相似の要件 風速変動パワースペクトル密度分布 E(f) f(Hz) :Hino :ESDU74031 :Iu=5%,Lu/D=1.0 :Iu=7.5%,Lu/D=3.375 小スケール渦領域⇒自然風 矩形断面柱における乱流部分相似法の妥当性の検討 Iu=10%,Lu/D=1.0
10.
Xp Cp 乱流部分相似法の検討 物体表面上の圧力係数分布(辺長比B/D=1.0) -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 0 0.5 1
1.5 2 ●:Iu=5%,Lu/D=1.0 0.0 0.5 1.5 2.0 Xp 風 小スケール渦領域一致乱流 乱流部分相似法の妥当性が確認される(● ●) ただし 様々な検討ケース・検討方法で行うのが今後の課題である 大きな乱れ強さの影響より、 負圧力が大きくなる ●:Iu=7.5%,Lu/D=3.375 ●:Iu=10%,Lu/D=1.0
11.
結論 1) 一様流中に置かれた物体周りの空力特性: ● 本解析結果による物体周りの流れ特性、平均空気 力係数は既往の実験・解析結果とよく一致している。 2)
乱流中に置かれた物体周りの空力特性: ● 乱流部分相似法の妥当性が確認された。様々な 検討ケース・方法で行うのが今後の課題である。
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