4. Lev Vygotsky John Keller
Socio-cultural context Motivation
Key Factor
ZPD
Scaffolding Feedback
Teacher’s Role
Monitor Relevance
Participate actively Control their own learning
Student’s Role
Interaction with advanced Motivated learning
Learning Style
people
Cognitive apprenticeship ARCS Model
Basic Strategy
Community of learners
Language Strength & Systemic Frame
Restriction Weakness Can’t fit all of students
Emphasized socio- Emphasized the role of
Implication
cultural elements Moitivation
5. Key Factor
Socio-cultural context of development
ZPD
Motivation
6. Teacher’s Role
- Give scaffolding to students
- Structure the learning activity
- Monitor the learner's progress
- Gradually turning over more of the mental
activity to their students
- Promote cooperative learning exercises
- Give them attention
- Teach them with familiar language
- Make them understand how learning can be
connected to the real world
- Give them feedback
- Increase levels of difficulty
7. Student’s Role
- Participate actively in social context
- Control their own learning
- Participate actively
- Retrieve prior learning
- Set their own model
8. Learning Style
peer editing, role play,
team project, social therapy (play),
interaction with advanced people
We name it as
Motivated self-control learning
9. Basic Strategy
cognitive apprenticeship model
-Modeling (interact with experts)
-Scaffolding and fading
-Authentic activity
(real world, complex, meaningful, social)
community of learners
-Joint problem solving
-Student directed inquiry
-Dialogue
ARCS Model
A : Attention
R : Relevance
C : Confidence
S : Satisfaction
10. Strength & Weakness
Strength
-It connected language with learning
Weakness
-It ignored heredity or development of brain
-There are limits and restriction on this theory
Strength
-It provides systemic frame
-Motivated students continuously study even
thought they are out of class
Weakness
-It can't fit all of students
11. Implication
It emphasized the importance of socio-cultural
elements
It emphasized that knowledge can be
constructed with the culture or history, not
absolute itself
It emphasized the role of motivation
