1. SYSTEM CONCEPTS LESSON 27 COMPUTER SYSTEM SOFTWARE USER Hardware

3. iii. Output devices: shows people the process data information (Eg: printer, plotter, speaker, monitor, LCD projector, woofer, headphone) iv. Storage devices:- help users to store programs and data to be used at a later time. (Eg: Floppy disk, diskette, CD-ROM, DVD ROM, flash memory card, pen drive, hard disk, floppy disk.)

5. Input Output PROCESSOR The information processing cycle LESSON 29 Storage

6. Machine Cycle Processor Fetching Storing Executing Decoding

7. Data representation Data measurement Clock speed measurement Binary digit 1= on , true , yes 0 = off, false, no Kilobyte (KB ) 1 KB = 2 10 bytes 1 hertz = 1 cycle 1 second Bit (smallest unit of data ) Megabyte (MB) 1 MB = 2 20 bytes 1 MHZ = 1,000,000 cycle 1 second Byte 1 byte =8 bits Eg: 3, a, Z Gigabyte (GB) 1 MB = 2 30 bytes 1 GHZ = 1,000,000,000 cycle 1 second 1 GHZ= 1000 MHZ Character 1 byte= one character Eg: 01000110 = F Terabyte (MB) 1 GB = 2 40 bytes

8. Morse code (1791-1872) History of character codes Telegraph (1845-1903) Hollenrith Code (1850-1929) ASCII (1963)

10. Exercice 1: Tick the column with correct answers Devices Input / output Text Graphic Audio / sound Video Pointing Keyboard Input / Virtual keyboard Bar code reader Scanner Digital camera Microphone CCTV camera Webcam Digital video camera Mouse Trackball Graphics tablet Touch screen Monitor Printer LCD projector Speaker Facsimile machine Headphone Woofer

11. Motherboard

12. Components of motherboard 1

13. Components of motherboard 2

15. How data is processed by the CPU When a user starts a program, its instruction are transferred from storage device to the memory. The users enters the data needed by the program. The control unit the interpret and executes instructions in the memory. The Arithmetic Logic unit the performs calculation on the data in the memory. As a result, information is then stored in the memory. Information can then be sent to an output device or a storage device.

17. Computer storage Volatile – the content is lost when a computer’s power is turned off LESSON 40, 42 Primary secondary Secondary storage Installed internally Installed externally Store, read, written or retrieve data Alternative storage RAM –volatile ROM – non –volatile Non-volatile permanently

18. Differences between RAM and ROM LESSON 41 RAM ROM Data & program Stores during or after processing Stored by manufacturer Content Store information temporarily Stores instructions permanently Processing time Fast, but uses a lot of power Fast, uses little power Volatility Volatile Non-volatile

19. software System software Application software Operating system Utility program Eg: Operating System 1. Linux 2. Mac os x 3. Unix 4 Windows XP Eg: Utility Program 1. Antivirus 2. File manager 3. Diagnostic utility 4 screen saver Eg: Application Software 1. Word processing 2. spreadsheet 3. Database 4 Presentation LESSON 43,44 ,48

20. System software VS Application software LESSON 43 System software Application software Usage Enables the computer to function properly Enables users to work efficiently with documentation such as letters. Need Compulsory Optional No. of software Each computer only needs one system software Each computer have more than one software Dependency Independent Dependent Function Provides the environment in which the application run Enable users to accomplish specific tasks.

21. Differences between operating system and utility program LESSON 44 Operating system Utility program Contain instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources. Perform maintenance type task, usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its program Computer cannot be used or started without an operating system Helps managing a computer easier, computers can still be used or started without it. Linux, Mac OSX, Unix, Windows XP Antivirus, anti-spyware, screen saver, firewall, file manager.…

22. LESSON 45 1. Define the operating system? Is a set of program that schedule task, allocates storage and Presents a default interface to the user between applications. 2. State the functions of the operating system? a) Starting a computer b) Providing a user interface c) Managing data and program, memory d) Configuring devices 3. State 3 different user interfaces of operating system. a) Command line b) menu-driven c) GUI

23. Give the correct operating system for this platforms LESSON 44,45, 54 Platforms Operating system PC platform Disk operating system (DOS), windows xp Apple platform Mac OS, MAC OS X Cross-platform Unix, Linux

27. 6. DROP CAP allow you to offset the first letter of the sentences or paragraph. 7. WATERMARK Any text or graphic image that is printed to overlap the existing text in a document. either in the background or foreground. 8. CROP in graphic software. used for cropping or cutting picture down to size.

28. Proprietary Software Vs Open Source Software LESSON 56 Proprietary Software Open Source Software Definition Closed source software Not closed software Examples of software 1. MS-DOS 2. MAC OS 3. UNIX 4. Windows XP 1. OpenOffice.org 2. PHP-Nuke 3. The GIMP 4. Mozilla 1. Runs on a wide range of hardware 2. Largest market share 3. Built in utilities 1. Runs on a wide range of hardware 2. Largest number of user interface type 3. Used as server or desktop PC