Xu 1 Ling Xu ESL 015 Ashley Weber November 11, 2015 Annotated Bibliography Thesis: Teenagers under 18 should not be allowed to sign up for social media because they are not mature enough to know the negative consequences when they post private information on social media, they may be overly dependent on it, and it may cause them to be narcissistic. Blease, C. R. "Too Many ‘friends,’ Too Few ‘likes’? Evolutionary Psychology and ‘Facebook Depression’." Review of General Psychology: 1-13. Print. The author, a cognitive scientist and philosopher of medicine, use quantitative data of Facebook using to identify the relationship between social media and depression or dysphoria. She finds a term named “Facebook depression” as the affective results of spending too much time on the social networking site. The users of Facebook may be less depressed under three circumstances: the user has larger number of friends online, the user spends much more time to read updates from friends, the user does so regularly, the content of the updates tends to praise nature. For this source, it may be useful for psychologists or people who are in Medical Humanities field. By comparing with a study by Koutamanis, shows the negative feedbacks may affect adolescents’ development. This article will help me to clarify the situation that social media may cause depression, but also there are methods to adjust the attitude and adapt the bad effects. Buffardi, L. E., and W. K. Campbell. "Narcissism and Social Networking Web Sites." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (2008): 1303-314. Print. The authors, Ph. D of psychology in University of Georgia, collect numbers on the website Facebook and use the evidence of statistics, tables and graphs to explore: how Narcissism prove in the sites, how narcissism obvious in the Web pages, does narcissism predict activity in a Web community, and can the narcissism of a page owner be gleaned from the Web page. They find the social networking is dominating on human lives, and it is the significant part on the interaction. The results show that narcissists act, portray themselves, and perceived on social networking sites in a similar way to how they behave in offline life. For this source, it may be useful for the psychologists or experts on narcissism and society. By comparing with an earlier study by Blease, the data are both according to Facebook, but this study show the different phenomenon of Narcissism. This article will help me argue that social media has vast influence on human lives and it may causes teenagers to be narcissistic. Kariou, Anna, Panagiotis Antoniou, Evangelos Bebetsos, and Kasampalis Athanasios. "Teen Athletes: Facebook, Self Esteem and Self Perception." International Journal of Social Science and Humanity IJSSH: 94-97. Print. The authors, Ph. D in Educational Leardership and Evaluation and psychologists, use participants of 87 teen athletes. They figure out the connection between social media and .

1. Xu 1
Ling Xu
ESL 015
Ashley Weber
November 11, 2015
Annotated Bibliography
Thesis:
Teenagers under 18 should not be allowed to sign up for social
media because they are not mature enough to know the negative
consequences when they post private information on social
media, they may be overly dependent on it, and it may cause
them to be narcissistic.
Blease, C. R. "Too Many ‘friends,’ Too Few ‘likes’?
Evolutionary Psychology and ‘Facebook
Depression’." Review of General Psychology: 1-13. Print.
The author, a cognitive scientist and philosopher of medicine,
use quantitative data of Facebook using to identify the
relationship between social media and depression or dysphoria.
She finds a term named “Facebook depression” as the affective
results of spending too much time on the social networking site.
The users of Facebook may be less depressed under three
circumstances: the user has larger number of friends online, the
user spends much more time to read updates from friends, the
user does so regularly, the content of the updates tends to praise
nature. For this source, it may be useful for psychologists or
people who are in Medical Humanities field. By comparing with
a study by Koutamanis, shows the negative feedbacks may
affect adolescents’ development. This article will help me to
clarify the situation that social media may cause depression, but
also there are methods to adjust the attitude and adapt the bad
effects.

2. Buffardi, L. E., and W. K. Campbell. "Narcissism and Social
Networking Web Sites."
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (2008): 1303-314.
Print.
The authors, Ph. D of psychology in University of Georgia,
collect numbers on the website Facebook and use the evidence
of statistics, tables and graphs to explore: how Narcissism prove
in the sites, how narcissism obvious in the Web pages, does
narcissism predict activity in a Web community, and can the
narcissism of a page owner be gleaned from the Web page. They
find the social networking is dominating on human lives, and it
is the significant part on the interaction. The results show that
narcissists act, portray themselves, and perceived on social
networking sites in a similar way to how they behave in offline
life. For this source, it may be useful for the psychologists or
experts on narcissism and society. By comparing with an earlier
study by Blease, the data are both according to Facebook, but
this study show the different phenomenon of Narcissism. This
article will help me argue that social media has vast influence
on human lives and it may causes teenagers to be narcissistic.
Kariou, Anna, Panagiotis Antoniou, Evangelos Bebetsos, and
Kasampalis Athanasios. "Teen
Athletes: Facebook, Self Esteem and Self Perception."
International Journal of Social
Science and Humanity IJSSH: 94-97. Print.
The authors, Ph. D in Educational Leardership and Evaluation
and psychologists, use participants of 87 teen athletes. They
figure out the connection between social media and self-
perception. The results show that self-esteem played a major
role in the behavior of children. There are six Facebook factors
that have been analyzed: behavior intention, satisfaction, using
applications, time waste, social connection and social surfing.
This source may be useful for psychologists, sociologist or
people who are in Hunmanity field. By comparing with an
earlier study by Buffardi, cited below, shows the negative
effects on human evaluations caused by social media. This

3. article will help me argue that social surging may cause self-
esteem and self-perception which are unreal evaluations as like
Narcissism.
Katz, James Everett, and Ronald E. Rice. Social Consequences
of Internet Use: Access,
Involvement, and Interaction. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT, 2002.
Print.
The authors, chairs of the Department of Communication at
Rutgers University, use quantitative data from the nationally
representative surveys of Websites to explore the impact of the
internet on society. There are three perspectives: entrance to
Internet technology, participation with groups and communities,
and the Internet’s use for social contact and expression. They
find the internet plays an important role as a host of
communications technologies, the interaction between people’s
online behaviors and daily lives. For this source, it may be
useful for researchers in Communication or Sociology field. In
contrast to Turkle’s article, shows different opinion that the
internet has negative effects on human communication and
development. This book can be a naysayer to help make
arguments that the internet plays a major role for people’s
activities and lives.
Koutamanis, Maria, Helen G.m. Vossen, and Patti M.
Valkenburg. "Adolescents’ Comments in
Social Media: Why Do Adolescents Receive Negative
Feedback and Who Is Most
at Risk?" Computers in Human Behavior: 486-94. Print.
The authors, researchers at Utrecht University and University of
Amsterdam, use empirical study and collect survey data among
785 adolesents to investigate online activity to predict getting
negative feedbacks, and there are three types that may predict
the online behavior. They find that adolescents who involved in
online social working are more likely to receive negative peer
feedback. Adolescents’ online behavior made them more at risk

4. of receiving negative consequences which affect children’s
psychosocial development and well-being by social media. For
this source, it may be useful for researchers of Communication
or psychologists. In contrast to an earlier study by Blease,
shows no specific reasons may cause depression or psychosocial
development. This article help me argue that signing up for
social media earlier has negative effects on children’s
development.
Turkle, Sherry. “Can You Hear Me Now?” They say/I say: The
Moves That Matter in Academic
Writing. Eds. Graff, Gerald, Birkenstein, Cathy, Russel
Durst. New York: W. W
.Norton& Company, 2009. 270-281. Print.
The author, a Ph. D in sociology and personality psychology
from Harvard University, use examples from daily life to
illustrate that Citizens’ privacy can be violated by the
technology which may provides own important information.
Personal information may be stolen to lead people in such a
dangerous situation. People may forget that privacy is
considerably significant and ignore the dangers. Technology do
make our life unsafe and people even do not have privacy yet.
This source can be useful for people who are in social studies
field. In contrast, an earlier study by Katz, have the different
opinion that technology brings more benefits to our lives. This
article will help support my point that teenagers under 18 are
easily to get negative consequences when they post private
information on social media.
Outline of Research Position Paper
An introduction
· Identification of the issue
· Overview of opposition’s claims (what naysayer says)
· Statement of the position: The overall thesis the writer will

5. argue for
The body
· Background information
· Supporting evidence or facts
· A discussion of both sides of the issue (your stance +
naysayers)
A conclusion
· • Suggested courses of action
· • Possible solutions
Example Outline for Research Position Paper Outline on
Controversial Issue
(From www.myteacherpages.com)
I. Introduction
A. Attention Getter (Question, Startling/Interesting Statistic,
Startling Statement, Anecdote, Quotation, etc.)
B. Description and definition of the issue (What is cloning?)
C. Importance of the issue (How does it impact our society?)
D. Brief Overview of Opposing Position: Counterargument
E. Your Thesis:
A. Indeed, many might believe cloning is beneficial. However,
cloning should not be legalized because it is dangerous,
expensive, and unethical.
II. Brief Overview of Opposing Position: Counterargument
A. Describe the basic view point of the opposition
A. Admittedly, many would argue that cloning should be
legalized because it may cure diseases.

6. B. Provide the supporting arguments and facts (supported by
references to texts and well-known authorities)
A. For example, some scientists say that cloning may provide
clues to genetic mapping and diseases (Bogo 1).
B. Additionally, research seems to show that cloning allows
individuals to have a “back-up” of their specific blood, plasma,
and even organs (Samson 2).
C. Elaborate/Analysis and summary of perspective A:
A. To summarize, supporters of cloning believe that it is
medically beneficial to humans.
III. Your Argument: Main Point #1 (Strong Point)
A. Initially and first “big idea” in
1. Initially, cloning should not be legalized because it is
dangerous.
B. Provide the supporting arguments and facts for Main Point
#1 (supported by references to texts and well-known
authorities) from your notecards.
1. For instance, forty percent of sheep cloned had mutations or
medical problems that resulted in death (Siler).
2. Likewise, only ten percent of sheep cloned lived over five
years (Brown 8).
3. Cloning has only been in existence since the 1950’s (Brown
10).
4. More Note Card Facts
5. More Note Card Facts
C. Elaborate/Analysis: So What? What does this information
mean?
1. Based on this research, cloning is a medical practice that has

7. only been used in recent years. The results of cloning are not
always positive and are often unreliable.
D. Closing Sentence for Main Point #1
1. In summation, if cloning presents this amount of risk and
danger for sheep, why should society allow this practice to
occur with humans?
IV. Your Argument: Main Point #2 (Stronger Point)
A. Describe your second Main Point from thesis
1. Furthermore, research shows that human cloning is
expensive.
B. Provide the supporting arguments for Main Point #2
(supported by references to texts and well-known authorities)
1. To illustrate,
2. In addition,
3. Facts
4. Facts
C. Elaborate/Analysis: So What? What does this information
mean?
1. Obviously,
D. Closing Sentence for Main Point #2
1. As a result,….is this research worth the cost?
V. Your Argument: Main Point #3 (Strongest Point)
A. Describe your 3rd Main Point from thesis
1. Ultimately, human cloning should not be legalized because it
is unethical.
B. Provide Supporting Facts/Evidence for Main Point #3
1. In particular,

8. 2. Similarly,
3. Fact
4. Fact
C. Elaborate/Analysis: So What? What does this information
mean?
D. Closing Sentence for Main Point #3
1. Therefore, ….
VI. Conclusion
A. Restate thesis in a “fresh way” summarizing your main
points
1. In conclusion, human cloning should not be legalized because
it is dangerous, expensive, and unethical.
B. State the importance, impact, or effect on American society
1. Human cloning would take away our individualism and
remove the sacred quality and miracle of human life.
C. Provide a final, profound thought that “calls the reader” to
action