1. This is the first time we have been able to directly observe
the vibrational spectrum of the system in real time. - Nano
work Nanotechnology Spotlight.
For of my written study I will investigate the shutter speeds that can be
used with cameras and the different types of cameras that specialize in
different speeds. By looking at both I will be studying photography from
both high speed and time lapse ends of the spectrum. A society named
the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) was
created in 1948, in which they defined high-seed photography as any set
of photographs captured by a camera capable of 128 frames per second
or greater, and of at least three consecutive frames. One of the first
common uses for high-speed photography was to freeze specific things in
motion, reducing motion blurs.
Camera’s that I may be studying during this written study may include
the Phantom Flex that has been used in many movies, music video’s and
advertisements, as well as the newer models that have came out. I may
also look at infrared cameras and the effects that the higher definition
and faster recording may have on high speed filming. As well as these
high speed and high definition cameras, I will be studying the companies
that work with these cameras and the projects they have worked on, and
the progress they have had throughout the years.
The Phantom Flex is a professional high-speed camera capable of
shooting 10,750 frames per second at the lowest resolution, or 1,455
frames per second with the highest resolution – all in standard definition.
When in high quality, the highest frame rate is 5,285 with the lowest
resolution, and the lowest frame rate is 725 with the highest resolution.
Blow is a table that includes all the variables.
Resolution Frames Per Second Frames Per Second
Standard Definition High Definition
2560 x 1600 1455 725
1920 x 1080 2570 1275
1280 x 720 5350 2640
640 x 480 10750 5285
The digital cinematic camera has extreme flexibility at 2.5K pixel
resolution. It goes beyond HD and supports 4 megapixel imaging, when
required. At 2,500 fps in HD the camera will record for 4 seconds
because of the large memory capacity needed. Before the Phantom Flex
there was the Phantom Gold. The differences between the two are:
 The Phantom flex can run faster, taking more pictures per second.
 The flex has a global shutter, whereas the Gold has a progressive
shutter. This means that the Flex will be better at shooting
extremely fast changing events such as lightning strikes.
 The Flex has the choice of shooting in standard definition and high
definition.

2. The Phantom Flex has been used in quite a few major motion pictures
such as, Hot Fuzz, Snow White and the Huntsman, Judge Dredd and
Sherlock Holmes: a Game of Shadows. Speed rails are used when the
camera is needed to move alongside the subject at high speed, creating a
fantastic shot. One of these shots was used in a scene from Sherlock
Holmes: a Game of Shadows.
Another concept of using the Flex in motion, especially when filming
Sherlock Holmes, is the timing. Using a Bluetooth Control Unit the Flex
can be wirelessly controlled, allowing perfect use with the Steadicam or
Crane or Speed Rail. When filming Sherlock Holmes they also used this
to trigger the explosives.

3. Slow motion capture has become more frequently used as the camera age
went from film to digital, allowing the entire process to become cheaper.
Film high speed is extremely expensive – having to buy a thousand feet of
film for a seven second scene and not even being able to view what you
had filmed until is was already done and had been developed.
Digitally filming in high-speed is also easier in the terms of functionality,
rather than using a film based camera. With digital cameras the sensor
controls the shutter. Photo-sites (a form of light-gathering wells used by
digital sensors when capturing images) are read in rapid succession, row
by row and then reset between exposers, then read again for the next
exposure. Doing this simplifies things by reducing the number of parts,
and permits full shutter angle control since film no longer has to advance
between frames. Increasing the speed all together.
For the film ‘The Hobbit’ the director Peter Jackson used cameras that
filmed 48 fps, which is twice as much as regular film shutter speed,
allowing the footage to seem much more smoother – but only for 3D
viewings. The angle of the shutter was also altered from the regular 180°
to 270°. This means that more light will be let in as 75% is missing
instead of 50% as it spins 48 times a second because of the frame rate.

4. By doing this the footage will not only appear twice as high in standard,
but will also result in it looking seamless. Examples can be seen below.
Here is a diagram of how a mechanical shutter works:
Modern mechanisms for
shutters are becoming increasingly
diverse. Each shutter type is just a
different way to record motion,
similar to how different shutter
angles have various applications.
Fast rolling shutters are well suited
for a vast majority of scenes.
However, with specialized
applications a global shutter can be
helpful.
Below are examples of photographs taken in both fast and slow shutter
speeds, in that order. I’ve arranged the images from the fastest to the
slowest shutter speeds.
Fast Shutter Speeds:
Slow Shutter Speeds:

5. From this study I have learnt what will be needed for me to create the
best quality images possible whether it be for fast or slow shutter speeds.
Further more, I now understand the effects that can come from the
different variable when setting the shutter speed, and how to manipulate
them to create the images I would like to produce. When creating my
work, I will now know the impact it will have when I set the resolution,
saturation and definition, and how these things could either improve or
distract from my work. I feel that I am now capable of creating images to
the best of my ability.