This document provides information about the writing process. It discusses the key stages of writing which include pre-writing, writing, and post-writing. In pre-writing, writers choose topics, determine purpose and audience. The writing stage involves developing a thesis, organizing ideas and drafting the paper. Post-writing involves revision and editing to improve content, organization and mechanics. Revision ensures meaning is clear while editing fixes grammar, spelling and punctuation.

1. CHALLENGING BRAINTEASERS
1. If you had only one match, and entered a dark room containing
an oil lamp, some newspaper, and some kindling wood, which would
you light first?
ANSWER : (The match.)
2. Some months have 31 days, others have 30 days. How many
have 28 days?
ANSWER (All months have 28 days.)
3. Larry’s father has five sons named Ten, Twenty, Thirty,
Forty…Guess what would be the name of the fifth?
ANSWER : (Larry! He would be the fifth son)

2. 4. If you throw a red stone into the blue sea what it will become?
ANSWER : (It will become wet.)
5. What has a head and a tail but no body?
ANSWER: (A coin)
6. Imagine you are in a sinking row boat surrounded by sharks. How
would you survive?
ANSWER: (Stop imagining!)

3. WRITING ACADEMIC TEXTS

4. THE WRITING PROCESS
WHAT MAKES WRITING A PROCESS?

6. STEPS IN WRITING

7. STAGES OF WRITING
PRE-WRITING STAGE WRITING STAGE POST-WRITING STAGE
THE WRITING STAGES

8. THE WRITING STAGES
PRE-WRITING STAGE WRITING STAGE POST-WRITING

9. THE PRE-WRITING STAGE
1. CHOOSING A TOPIC
• BRAINSTORMING- generating possible topics as many as
you can.
• FREEWRITING- freewriting is similar to brainstorming in that you just
write any idea that comes to your mind.
• CLUSTERING- provides a graphic representation of your ideas,
allowing you to visualize the connections of your ideas.

10. 2. DETERMINING YOUR PURPOSE
Determining your purpose will help you communicate clearly your
ideas to your readers.
Your purpose in writing maybe one of the ff:
• to inform
• to persuade
• to entertain

11. 3. IDENTIFY YOUR READER OR AUDIENCE
Why is it important to know your readers or audience?
The knowledge, interests, attitudes and needs of your reader will give
you idea as to how you will organize your points and claims .
Knowledge of who your audience are, what they need, and what
their interests are will help you adjust your language, tone, and style
in writing.

12. THE WRITING STAGE
1. DEVELOPING YOUR THESIS STATEMENT
A thesis statement is the claim or stand that you will
develop in your paper. It is the controlling idea of your essay. It gives
your readers idea of what your paper is all about.

13. 2. ORGANIZING YOUR PAPER
Organizing your ideas means finding the connections of point to to
another and establishing a link from one idea to another.
Outlining- is an effetive way of ensuing the logical flow of your ideas.

14. ORGANIZING YOUR PAPER
INTRODUCTION
- provides a background of your topic, poses a question
regarding the topic, explains how the question is significant and gives
the writer's thesis statement.

15. BODY
- this is where the bulk of the essay is found and
where you develop an answer or propose a solution to the thesis
statement that you have given in the introduction.

16. CONCLUSION
- should bring together the points made in your paper and
emphasize your final point.

17. POST WRITING PROCESS

18. POST WRITING
POST WRITING - final stage of the writing processs. This part entails
looking over your draft critically, paying attention to content,
organization, and mechanics by using techniques.

19. DEFINING REVISION AND EDITING
EDITING- sometimes known as proofreading, is revising your draft
line by line, word per word
This include working on grammatical principles such as subject-
verb agreement, verb tense, noun and pronoun usage and
typographical matters such as punctuation, spelling and
capitalization.

20. POST WRITING TECHNIQUES
REVISING- is the general process of going back through your whole
draft from start to end, and improving on or clarifying your
writing subject's meaning.
This can include adding in, taking out, moving around, and
polishing parts of your draft to make it more understandable
and easier for reading.

21. REVISING LETS YOU DO TWO THINGS:
1. check if you have attained your writing purpose( to entertain, to
enlighten, to persuade, etc.)
2. check if you have used language and tone that best serve your
writing purpose