1. The document discusses issues related to lack of sanitation facilities in India, particularly in rural areas, and its negative impacts on human dignity, health, and education outcomes. 2. Over 60% of the world's open defecators live in India, most in rural areas, negatively impacting public health. Lack of toilets and sanitation facilities prevents many girls from continuing their education. 3. Several government programs and initiatives aim to improve sanitation coverage in India, but at current rates, the country will not meet its Millennium Development Goals for sanitation until 2054. Concerted efforts are needed to accelerate progress and ensure access to basic sanitation for

1. HAVE WE COMPROMISED HUMAN
DIGNITY? A PEEP IN TO THE PROBLEM
OF SANITATION; ITS IMPACT ON WOMEN
AND CHILDREN
VISHWANATH M.
(Dr.D.C.Pavate Fellow, Cambridge University, U.K)
Associate Professor,
Department of Law
Karnatak University, Dharwad

2. Human Dignity
‘Decency and Dignity are non-
negotiable facts of human
rights…providing drainage system-not
pompous and attractive, but working
condition and sufficient to meet the
needs of the people cannot be evaded…
’- Justice Krishna Iyer
Municipal Council Ratlam v. Vardhichnad
AIR 1980 SC 1622, p.1628.

3. 19 NOVEMBER

4. Issues of Concern
• 1.1 billion People around the world
practice open defection.
• The recent report of UNICEF and WHO
on drinking water and sanitation indicates
that about 60% of the world’s open
defectors live in India.
• Majority of them are living in rural areas.

5. • It has affected almost all poor people and
its impact is more on women and
children.
• In New Delhi the New York Times, there
are more than 1,500 public restrooms for
men and only 132 for women.
• They are often exposed to harassment or
assault when they relieve themselves.

6. • In scare of being hurt they avoid to the
need to urinate, they often withhold
hydration, a practice resulting in high
rates of urinary-tract infections,
heatstroke and other health problems
• Diarrhea alone causes at least 800,000
child deaths per year in the developing
world.

7. Population (in millions) using toilet and
population defecating in open in India - 1990-2008
224
386
543
638
657
638
1990 2000 2008
Population defecating in open Population using toilet

8. • India loses USD 54billion (Rs. 24,000
crore) a year due to poor sanitation and
hygiene.
• Open defecation is not an uncommon
practice especially in rural Karnataka.
• According to the State Development
Report published in 2007, more than 82 %
of rural households do not have toilet
facilities.

9. Schools and Toilets
• The large number of girls in India who drop
out of school, particularly around the time
they reach Class 8, is often due to a lack of
toilet and water facilities.
• According to the census, 60% of the out-of-
school children are in 10 districts
Yadgir, Gulbarga, Bellary, Raichur, Bijapur, K
oppal, Bidar, Bagalkot, Bangalore South and
Uttara Kannada.
• Of the 75,825 children, 39,084 are girls and
36,741 in the 7-14 year category.

10. • Improving the existing school infrastructure by
ensuring functional girls toilets in each
school, review and provision of gender
sensitive curriculum [Karnataka towards
actualizing the Vision 2020, Report of the
Social Empowerment Planning
Department, Government of Karnataka March
2010]

11. Sanitation beyond toilets
• Sanitation means not simply toilets. It
includes a number of things such as:
• Toilet facilities within home or near to
home
• Toilet facilities in working places, schools
etc.
• Treatment and disposal of human excreta
• Collection and disposal of domestic waste
• Sufficient water to bath, wash hands, clean
house etc.

12. Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)
• Financial incentive to eligible categories of
upto Rs 10,000 for IHHLs [Individual
Household Latrine] Rs 5500 TSC plus Rs
4500 MNREGS
• Involving local bodies
• Increased Central funding with increase of
133% in 2012-13 over previous year
• All schools/anganwadis to be covered with
toilet units by March 2013
• Private players roles
• NGO’s

13. Identification of Nirmal Grams
S.N. State Name Total No.of GP GPs marked for Conjoint Approach to
Water and Sanitation
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 21950 3279
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 1794 161
3 ASSAM 4016 86
4 BIHAR 8593 630
5 CHHATTISGARH 9858 156
6 D & N HAVELI 12 0
7 GOA 190 0
8 GUJARAT 14555 1405
9 HARYANA 6283 1644
10 HIMACHAL PRADESH 3245 1941
11 JAMMU & KASHMIR 4124 0
12 JHARKHAND 4631 136
13 KARNATAKA 5663 732
14 KERALA 1000 20
15 MADHYA PRADESH 23093 1449
16 MAHARASHTRA 28282 3850
17 MANIPUR 1261 122
18 MEGHALAYA 5564 1548
19 MIZORAM 760 40
20 NAGALAND 1110 142
21 ORISSA 6237 1118
22 PUDUCHERRY 71 0
23 PUNJAB 12845 4703
24 RAJASTHAN 9241 429
25 SIKKIM 167 0
26 TAMIL NADU 12619 1659
27 TRIPURA 1063 63
28 UTTAR PRADESH 52841 3305
29 UTTARAKHAND 7605 698
30 WEST BENGAL 3360 220
Grand Total :- 252033 29536

14. Practices in Sanitary Complexes-Mizoram
• Row toilets to take care of
land constraints
• Bathing cubical as
integrated approach to
community sanitation
• Pay and use toilets for
sustained operation &
maintenance
• Employing Safai
Karmacharis as care taker &
operation & maintenance
• Renting out extended
corner of community
Sanitary Complex as shop
to generate revenue for
operation & maintenance.

15. Anganwadi Toilets : Uttar Pradesh

16. Hand washing facilities in schools : UP
Force lift hand pump
Hand washing facility -MDM

17. • Though growing rapidly at 20 million new
toilets per year, India's sanitation
coverage is below 50%.
• At the current rate, according to the
joint monitoring report, India will reach
its millennium development goals only by
2054.

18. LET US TOGETHER MAKE
Sanitation Cleanli
is more ness is
important
than next to
Independ Godline
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