This research emphasizes the association between work relations of customer service representatives in terms of their personal profiles, of workplace relationships, of job satisfaction, of organizational commitment and employee loyalty. Jeric H. Pediglorio "Work Relations and Job Satisfaction of Customer Service Representatives" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56241.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/56241/work-relations-and-job-satisfaction-of-customer-service-representatives/jeric-h-pediglorio
An Empirical Study of Workplace Environment with Special Reference to Employe...ijtsrd
The workplace environment impacts on agent responsibility both quite and oppositely. The work place environment in a larger piece of affiliations is hazardous and bothersome, especially in gathering associations. The crucial objective of this survey is to know the impact of work place environment on employee engagement. This paper relies upon the discretionary data. The wellspring of information has been taken from the past articles, journals and course books. Useful human resource the block and keep with incredible working environment or culture impacts the agent responsibility just as effects on execution of laborer, the turn of events and improvement of entire affiliation. Prof. Jyoti Borde "An Empirical Study of Workplace Environment with Special Reference to Employee Engagement, Work Productivity and Performance in Manufacturing Industries" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47530.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/47530/an-empirical-study-of-workplace-environment-with-special-reference-to-employee-engagement-work-productivity-and-performance-in-manufacturing-industries/prof-jyoti-borde
Job Design and Employee Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt, ...YogeshIJTSRD
This study investigated the relationship between job design and employee performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. The study adopted the cross sectional survey in its investigation of the variables. Primary source of data was generated through self administered questionnaire. The target population of this study consists of 79 managerial staff of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. There was no need for sampling since the population was small. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Statistics. The tests were carried out at a 95 confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between job design and employee performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. The result of the findings further revealed that Skill variety and task significance gave rise to timeliness of work of work and efficiency of work of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. The study recommends that Deposit Money Banks should use job design to increase the variety of skills that every employee possesses which is a form of motivation. Job design will create some level of inclusivity where employees’ jobs are linked to the overall goal of the Organization. Some level of freedom in making decisions may be adopted for performance to increase. Vito, Baridula | Barinem Paul Kobani "Job Design and Employee Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41169.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commanagement/organizational-behaviour/41169/job-design-and-employee-performance-of-deposit-money-banks-in-port-harcourt-nigeria/vito-baridula
A Study on the Quality of Work Life of Women Employees of Mahathma Eye Hospit...ijtsrd
Working women always need to do a juggling act of doing multiple talks at home as well as at workplace. They need to constantly ensure that these multiple roles and responsibilities do not hinder each other. Therefore, it becomes imperative for organisations to pay heed to the demands of their women employees and deconstruct the Quality of Work Life concept, to allay the misgivings of women about giving up their joy of life and work or compromising one of the two realms of responsibilities and to ensure that the two realms personal and professional are not at cross purposes. The congruence of the demanding roles is highly essential for working women. Quality of Work Life could be defined as synthesis of work place strategies, processes and environment which stimulates employee’s job satisfaction and his her overall satisfaction with life. The research findings of the paper show that the measurement of the quality of working life could be reliable and that the organization has possibilities to increase its employee’s quality of life and loyalty by improving the working conditions and environment. Mr. K. Arun Prasad "A Study on the Quality of Work Life of Women Employees of Mahathma Eye Hospital, Trichy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31743.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/31743/a-study-on-the-quality-of-work-life-of-women-employees-of-mahathma-eye-hospital-trichy/mr-k-arun-prasad
An Empirical Study of Workplace Environment with Special Reference to Employe...ijtsrd
The workplace environment impacts on agent responsibility both quite and oppositely. The work place environment in a larger piece of affiliations is hazardous and bothersome, especially in gathering associations. The crucial objective of this survey is to know the impact of work place environment on employee engagement. This paper relies upon the discretionary data. The wellspring of information has been taken from the past articles, journals and course books. Useful human resource the block and keep with incredible working environment or culture impacts the agent responsibility just as effects on execution of laborer, the turn of events and improvement of entire affiliation. Prof. Jyoti Borde "An Empirical Study of Workplace Environment with Special Reference to Employee Engagement, Work Productivity and Performance in Manufacturing Industries" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47530.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/47530/an-empirical-study-of-workplace-environment-with-special-reference-to-employee-engagement-work-productivity-and-performance-in-manufacturing-industries/prof-jyoti-borde
Job Design and Employee Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt, ...YogeshIJTSRD
This study investigated the relationship between job design and employee performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. The study adopted the cross sectional survey in its investigation of the variables. Primary source of data was generated through self administered questionnaire. The target population of this study consists of 79 managerial staff of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. There was no need for sampling since the population was small. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Statistics. The tests were carried out at a 95 confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between job design and employee performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. The result of the findings further revealed that Skill variety and task significance gave rise to timeliness of work of work and efficiency of work of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. The study recommends that Deposit Money Banks should use job design to increase the variety of skills that every employee possesses which is a form of motivation. Job design will create some level of inclusivity where employees’ jobs are linked to the overall goal of the Organization. Some level of freedom in making decisions may be adopted for performance to increase. Vito, Baridula | Barinem Paul Kobani "Job Design and Employee Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41169.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commanagement/organizational-behaviour/41169/job-design-and-employee-performance-of-deposit-money-banks-in-port-harcourt-nigeria/vito-baridula
A Study on the Quality of Work Life of Women Employees of Mahathma Eye Hospit...ijtsrd
Working women always need to do a juggling act of doing multiple talks at home as well as at workplace. They need to constantly ensure that these multiple roles and responsibilities do not hinder each other. Therefore, it becomes imperative for organisations to pay heed to the demands of their women employees and deconstruct the Quality of Work Life concept, to allay the misgivings of women about giving up their joy of life and work or compromising one of the two realms of responsibilities and to ensure that the two realms personal and professional are not at cross purposes. The congruence of the demanding roles is highly essential for working women. Quality of Work Life could be defined as synthesis of work place strategies, processes and environment which stimulates employee’s job satisfaction and his her overall satisfaction with life. The research findings of the paper show that the measurement of the quality of working life could be reliable and that the organization has possibilities to increase its employee’s quality of life and loyalty by improving the working conditions and environment. Mr. K. Arun Prasad "A Study on the Quality of Work Life of Women Employees of Mahathma Eye Hospital, Trichy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31743.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/31743/a-study-on-the-quality-of-work-life-of-women-employees-of-mahathma-eye-hospital-trichy/mr-k-arun-prasad
Doctors' Work Life Quality and Effect on Job Satisfaction: An Exploratory Stu...AI Publications
Every day, the health-care system becomes more complicated. It is mostly due to changes in lifestyle, greater demand for patient care, and the effect of technology on the health-care delivery process. Sophisticated devices necessitate specialized knowledge, which necessitates a better and more current medical education system, which, in turn, necessitates a better organizational structure. All of this has an impact on the entire medical profession, as novel difficulties must be met with increasing skill and potential development, as well as increased dedication to the profession, as performance management becomes a major aspect in avoiding professional hazards in various forms. As a result, the entire health policy needs to be updated in order to provide health care professionals, particularly doctors, with enough quality work life and improved job satisfaction in order to improve their performance at work. We try to answer these questions in our research.
Extrinsic Reward and Employee Engagement in Selected Commercial Banks in Anam...ijtsrd
The study examined extrinsic reward and employee engagement in selected commercial bank in Anambra state Nigeria. Specifically, the study assesses the relationship between bonus and employee’s engagement in selected commercial bank in Anambra state Nigeria and determine relationship between promotion and employee’s engagement in selected commercial bank in Anambra state Nigeria, Two research questions and hypotheses were formulated for the study in line with the objectives. The study made use of correlational design and the area of study was Anambra state. The population for the study was based on 60 middle and lower level manager in new generational commercial banks such as access bank, Polaris bank and fidelity bank. Research instruments were validated and reliable. Correlation analysis was used to taste the research questions and hypotheses. The study revealed that there is significant relationship between extrinsic reward and employee engagement in selected commercial bank in Anambra state Nigeria. It was recommended that banks should pay more attention to reward system at the work place as it is found to have an impact on employee engagement with respect to service quality of operation and where possible strict penalties should be taken into consideration in order to boost performance. The management should encourage the concept of reward system as this will give employee the determination to feel needed at the job and as a result will boost their performance in selected commercial banks Anambra State Nigeria. Ugochukwu Paul Orajaka | Obiasor, Chikaosolu Blessing "Extrinsic Reward and Employee Engagement in Selected Commercial Banks in Anambra State Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49684.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/consumer-behaviour/49684/extrinsic-reward-and-employee-engagement-in-selected-commercial-banks-in-anambra-state-nigeria/ugochukwu-paul-orajaka
IMPACT OF PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT AND INNOVATIVE WOR...MehranMouzam
1. Description of Research Work
Innovation is a key concern of HR now a days. It is the key requirement for organizational success (Akram,
Lei, Haider, & Hussain, 2018). It gives new ways to do work, to overcome situations, to solve problems
and to make decisions. Dedahanov et al. (2019) claims that PLB and EE promotes innovative work
behaviour of employees. This positive impact can be enhanced by I-deals that are now trending in
manipulating job behaviours of employees. Recent studies conducted by Microsoft Japan on a four-day
working week claims that, not only the employees became happier and satisfied, they became productive
at workplace. These shortened working weeks and flexibility made employees more efficient and
productive at workplace (Paul, 2019). Leadership styles are now playing major roles in organizations and
are proved to be crucial factors for their success. PLB is a practical approach to get maximum out of
employees. According to Hornung, Rouseau, Glaser, Angerer, and Weigh (2011), loyalty and commitment
of employees are major outcomes of PLB. When employees are committed at workplace, their performance
boost ups which ultimately effects the organizational performance positively. This study is conducted to
observe and to describe the role of PLB on employee’s commitment level and how I-deals can mediate this
relationship in pharmaceutical sector. According to PPMA (2017), Pakistan’s pharmaceutical industry is
progressive, vibrant and future oriented. It consists of more than 700 manufacturing units, having 25-
multinational pharmaceutical units working in country. 70% of country’s demand of finished medicines is
been met by this sector and have shown a remarkable growth over last ten years and has export turnover of
more than 12 million and accounts for less than one percent of country’s GDP. To observe this productive
phenomenon of PLB, I-deals, EE, IWB and commitment in such a fast-growing sector can help to develop
positive outcomes for them.
Impact of Staff Turnover on the Financial Performance of Nigerian Deposit Mon...ijtsrd
This study determined the effect of staff turnover on the financial performance of Nigerian banks. Ex Post Facto research was adopted for the study. Panel data approach, for a period of 10 years 2011 2020 was adopted. A sample of ten out of twenty two banks in Nigeria were used for the study The data were analyzed using regression technique with aid of E view 9.0 at 5 level of significance. The study revealed that staff turnover cost has a negative impact on profit margin and return on assets of Nigerian banks. Based on the findings of this study, the researchers suggest that there is a pressing need for Nigerian commercial banks to participate in proactive strategic planning and initiatives to reduce staff turnover. As a result, the management should try to ensure that its trained and experienced staff has all of the necessary comfort and ease to accomplish their jobs. Dr. Elena Platonova | Fatimehin Kolawole | Olaniyi Ayo Rufus | Adebisi Joel Adewale "Impact of Staff Turnover on the Financial Performance of Nigerian Deposit Money Banks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50167.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/50167/impact-of-staff-turnover-on-the-financial-performance-of-nigerian-deposit-money-banks/dr-elena-platonova
Work Environment and Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Rivers StateAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study examined the relationship work environmentand organizational performance of
Deposit Money Banks in Rivers State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey in its investigation of the
variables. Primary data was generated through structured, self- administered questionnaire. The population of
the study is 72 managers (4 managers from each) of the 18 Deposit Money Banks operating in Rivers State. The
reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items
scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The
tests were carried out at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship
between work environmentand organizational performance of Deposit Money Banks in Rivers State. Therefore,
the study concludes that creating a conducive work environment positively enhance performance of deposit
money banks in Rivers State. Thus, the study recommends that deposit money banks should prioritize creating a
positive work environment that promotes employee well-being, engagement, and productivity. This can be
achieved through effective leadership, open communication, reduced workload, fair compensation, and fostering
a positive workplace culture.
KEYWORD: work environment, organizational performance, cost minimization, waste minimization, time
minimisation
A Study of Employee Satisfaction Perception in Accommodation Sector in Odishainventionjournals
The State of Odisha has witnessed unprecedented growth in hotel industry in the recent past. Although there is an exponential growth in the number of hotels in the State, the rate or employee turnover is increasing each year which in turn is affecting the employee satisfaction. Thus, the key to retain employees in an organisation is employee satisfaction which is considered to be a vital component for organisational success. The present study employs four variables viz., job security, occupational stress, motivation and salary & benefits in relation to employee satisfaction in accommodation sector in Odisha. A sample size of 125 employees’ responses across different accommodation units in Odisha were collected through a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to study the correlation between the four independent variable and dependent variable. The findings of the study suggest that there is a significant positive correlation between job security, occupational stress, motivation and salary & benefits and employee satisfaction. Based on the analysis of the study, appropriate approaches to improve employee satisfaction in accommodation sector were suggested for a mutual-beneficial relationship between the employees and employers.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Imperative of Staff Morale on Productivity of Manufacturing Companies in Nigeriaijtsrd
This study seeks to identify the factors, which affect staff morale in the organization and then make suggestions to ensure continues high morale of staff in the organization. The continues high morale of staff is of great interest and benefit to management who wish to enhance productivity on one hand and quality of working life on the other. Questionnaire is used as the main instrument for the collection of data as well as personal interviews and chats. using the simple random sampling technique. The main analytical tool, used is the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The data collected were collated and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS . The findings revealed that there is a negative and non significant correlation between staff morale in the organization and job characteristics with correlation coefficient r of 0.04. This indicates that job characteristic has little effect on the morale of the individual staff. There is also a negative and non significant relationship between staff morale and leadership characteristic. On the other hand the findings show a negative but significant relationship between staff morale and labour turnover while there exists a positive and significant relationship between staff morale and job satisfaction. Dr. Odogu Laime Isaac | Ogbogi Gabriel "Imperative of Staff Morale on Productivity of Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd61310.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/61310/imperative-of-staff-morale-on-productivity-of-manufacturing-companies-in-nigeria/dr-odogu-laime-isaac
In poor setting workplace environment in Bangladesh, most of the employees are bound to work due to the scarcity of job. Despite remarkable progresses in industrial sectors over the last few decades employees are facing two types of disadvantages; one they are working with dissatisfied workplace environment and lower wages on the other. It is the reality of the most of the employees in industrial sectors especially in the physical labour oriented industries. This study based on the information collected from 417 employees of three physical labour based aluminum industries in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. Results of this study highlight that there are a strong variation in the satisfaction level of the employees about the workplace environment by their socio-demographic characteristics. It is believed that the findings of the study will facilitate policy-makers and respected authorities to take timely and viable steps and develop workable strategies to address the issue of sound workplace environment in the industrial sector. Without ensuring employees satisfaction through better workplace environment, it is difficult to reach sustainable development of the country.
An Analytical Study on the Factors Governing Corporate Work Culture in West B...ijtsrd
The current paper is an attempt to find out the factors, which influence the employees in carrying out work from home in an effective manner, and further to comprehend employees’ perception towards the new normal. The study deploys both exploratory and descriptive research designs, with primary focus on inferential statistical procedures. Several hypotheses have been tested, according to the requirements of the study. Random Sampling Technique has been used in order to collect data from the respondents. The sample size for the study is 200. Exploratory factor analysis EFA has been conducted, along with various parametric tests, with the help of statistical software SPSS v.25. The results of the study may have wider implications for managers and corporate professionals. Prof. Chiranjib Mitra | Prof. Jayjit Chakraborty "An Analytical Study on the Factors Governing Corporate Work Culture in West Bengal during the Post-Pandemic Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd57399.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/organizational-behaviour/57399/an-analytical-study-on-the-factors-governing-corporate-work-culture-in-west-bengal-during-the-postpandemic-era/prof-chiranjib-mitra
Work Life Balance and Employee Retention Evidence from a Selected Deposit Mon...ijtsrd
This study examined the effect of work life balance on employee retention in deposit money banks. Specifically to examine the how work life balance enhance employee's work demands in deposit money banks and ascertain the work life balance improve on employees welfare packages in deposit money banks. The study employed survey research design and data were collected from questionnaires distributed to the targeted respondents. The formulated hypotheses were tested with paired sample t test with aid of SPSS version 20.0. The findings showed that there is significant effect between work life balance and employee's work demands and employee's welfare packages in deposit money banks. Based on the findings, it was recommended that banks should ensure that reward system to be fair to each employee, hence the study revealed that some of the respondents are not comfortable with the present compensation system in their institution where they worked. Afodigbueokwu, Hillary E. | Ofurum, Darlington I. | Clement Ikwuoche G. "Work Life Balance and Employee Retention: Evidence from a Selected Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29504.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/29504/work-life-balance-and-employee-retention-evidence-from-a-selected-deposit-money-banks-in-nigeria/afodigbueokwu-hillary-e
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ON QUALITY OF WORK ...IAEME Publication
In this era of globalization, the organizations have realized the importance of human resources in achieving the goals of organizations. Improving Productivity, enhancing employee commitment, reducing attrition rate are some of the major challenges the organizations are facing in today’s dynamic environment. Quality of Work Life(QWL) has emerged as a concept whose main foundation is on developing jobs and working conditions that satisfy the employees personal needs through their experience in the organization. QWL refers to a relationship between the employees and their work environment by including the human perspective to the economic and technical perspective, thereby improving the overall satisfaction, motivation, commitment and involvement employees experience while working in the organizations. Rise in the Quality of Work Life enhances employees' wellbeing there by the wellbeing of the whole organization.
Assessment of the level of employee performances in some selected.pdfPUBLISHERJOURNAL
Assessment of the level of employee performances in some selected organizations in Kampala, Uganda.
1Tom Mulegi, 2Mary Tunde Nalubega, and 2Eleanor Kirahora Barongo
1Department of Public Administration, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
2Department of Development Peace and Conflict studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the level of employee performances in some selected organizations in Kampala, Uganda. The study objective was achieved through descriptive, cross sectional and correlative survey designs. A study population of 484 was earmarked, from which a sample population of 219 respondents were derived using Slovene’s Formula. Data was collected primary using self-administered questionnaires (SAQs) and structured interviews. An extensive review of literature contributed a significant amount of secondary data. Findings showed that the r-value indicated that 67.7% of employee performance is influenced by job safety, implying that the remaining 23.3% of change in employee productivity could be explained by other factors other than Job safety. The study recommended that the Different stakeholders including government and non-governmental organizations need to put in place mechanisms to ensure that employees are protected from work. The government should put in place laws aiming at protecting workers against health issues associated with work related Hazards.
Keywords: Employee, performances, and organizations
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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IMPACT OF PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT AND INNOVATIVE WOR...MehranMouzam
1. Description of Research Work
Innovation is a key concern of HR now a days. It is the key requirement for organizational success (Akram,
Lei, Haider, & Hussain, 2018). It gives new ways to do work, to overcome situations, to solve problems
and to make decisions. Dedahanov et al. (2019) claims that PLB and EE promotes innovative work
behaviour of employees. This positive impact can be enhanced by I-deals that are now trending in
manipulating job behaviours of employees. Recent studies conducted by Microsoft Japan on a four-day
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productive at workplace (Paul, 2019). Leadership styles are now playing major roles in organizations and
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boost ups which ultimately effects the organizational performance positively. This study is conducted to
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relationship in pharmaceutical sector. According to PPMA (2017), Pakistan’s pharmaceutical industry is
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been met by this sector and have shown a remarkable growth over last ten years and has export turnover of
more than 12 million and accounts for less than one percent of country’s GDP. To observe this productive
phenomenon of PLB, I-deals, EE, IWB and commitment in such a fast-growing sector can help to develop
positive outcomes for them.
Impact of Staff Turnover on the Financial Performance of Nigerian Deposit Mon...ijtsrd
This study determined the effect of staff turnover on the financial performance of Nigerian banks. Ex Post Facto research was adopted for the study. Panel data approach, for a period of 10 years 2011 2020 was adopted. A sample of ten out of twenty two banks in Nigeria were used for the study The data were analyzed using regression technique with aid of E view 9.0 at 5 level of significance. The study revealed that staff turnover cost has a negative impact on profit margin and return on assets of Nigerian banks. Based on the findings of this study, the researchers suggest that there is a pressing need for Nigerian commercial banks to participate in proactive strategic planning and initiatives to reduce staff turnover. As a result, the management should try to ensure that its trained and experienced staff has all of the necessary comfort and ease to accomplish their jobs. Dr. Elena Platonova | Fatimehin Kolawole | Olaniyi Ayo Rufus | Adebisi Joel Adewale "Impact of Staff Turnover on the Financial Performance of Nigerian Deposit Money Banks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50167.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/50167/impact-of-staff-turnover-on-the-financial-performance-of-nigerian-deposit-money-banks/dr-elena-platonova
Work Environment and Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Rivers StateAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study examined the relationship work environmentand organizational performance of
Deposit Money Banks in Rivers State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey in its investigation of the
variables. Primary data was generated through structured, self- administered questionnaire. The population of
the study is 72 managers (4 managers from each) of the 18 Deposit Money Banks operating in Rivers State. The
reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items
scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The
tests were carried out at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship
between work environmentand organizational performance of Deposit Money Banks in Rivers State. Therefore,
the study concludes that creating a conducive work environment positively enhance performance of deposit
money banks in Rivers State. Thus, the study recommends that deposit money banks should prioritize creating a
positive work environment that promotes employee well-being, engagement, and productivity. This can be
achieved through effective leadership, open communication, reduced workload, fair compensation, and fostering
a positive workplace culture.
KEYWORD: work environment, organizational performance, cost minimization, waste minimization, time
minimisation
A Study of Employee Satisfaction Perception in Accommodation Sector in Odishainventionjournals
The State of Odisha has witnessed unprecedented growth in hotel industry in the recent past. Although there is an exponential growth in the number of hotels in the State, the rate or employee turnover is increasing each year which in turn is affecting the employee satisfaction. Thus, the key to retain employees in an organisation is employee satisfaction which is considered to be a vital component for organisational success. The present study employs four variables viz., job security, occupational stress, motivation and salary & benefits in relation to employee satisfaction in accommodation sector in Odisha. A sample size of 125 employees’ responses across different accommodation units in Odisha were collected through a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to study the correlation between the four independent variable and dependent variable. The findings of the study suggest that there is a significant positive correlation between job security, occupational stress, motivation and salary & benefits and employee satisfaction. Based on the analysis of the study, appropriate approaches to improve employee satisfaction in accommodation sector were suggested for a mutual-beneficial relationship between the employees and employers.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Imperative of Staff Morale on Productivity of Manufacturing Companies in Nigeriaijtsrd
This study seeks to identify the factors, which affect staff morale in the organization and then make suggestions to ensure continues high morale of staff in the organization. The continues high morale of staff is of great interest and benefit to management who wish to enhance productivity on one hand and quality of working life on the other. Questionnaire is used as the main instrument for the collection of data as well as personal interviews and chats. using the simple random sampling technique. The main analytical tool, used is the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The data collected were collated and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS . The findings revealed that there is a negative and non significant correlation between staff morale in the organization and job characteristics with correlation coefficient r of 0.04. This indicates that job characteristic has little effect on the morale of the individual staff. There is also a negative and non significant relationship between staff morale and leadership characteristic. On the other hand the findings show a negative but significant relationship between staff morale and labour turnover while there exists a positive and significant relationship between staff morale and job satisfaction. Dr. Odogu Laime Isaac | Ogbogi Gabriel "Imperative of Staff Morale on Productivity of Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd61310.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/61310/imperative-of-staff-morale-on-productivity-of-manufacturing-companies-in-nigeria/dr-odogu-laime-isaac
In poor setting workplace environment in Bangladesh, most of the employees are bound to work due to the scarcity of job. Despite remarkable progresses in industrial sectors over the last few decades employees are facing two types of disadvantages; one they are working with dissatisfied workplace environment and lower wages on the other. It is the reality of the most of the employees in industrial sectors especially in the physical labour oriented industries. This study based on the information collected from 417 employees of three physical labour based aluminum industries in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. Results of this study highlight that there are a strong variation in the satisfaction level of the employees about the workplace environment by their socio-demographic characteristics. It is believed that the findings of the study will facilitate policy-makers and respected authorities to take timely and viable steps and develop workable strategies to address the issue of sound workplace environment in the industrial sector. Without ensuring employees satisfaction through better workplace environment, it is difficult to reach sustainable development of the country.
An Analytical Study on the Factors Governing Corporate Work Culture in West B...ijtsrd
The current paper is an attempt to find out the factors, which influence the employees in carrying out work from home in an effective manner, and further to comprehend employees’ perception towards the new normal. The study deploys both exploratory and descriptive research designs, with primary focus on inferential statistical procedures. Several hypotheses have been tested, according to the requirements of the study. Random Sampling Technique has been used in order to collect data from the respondents. The sample size for the study is 200. Exploratory factor analysis EFA has been conducted, along with various parametric tests, with the help of statistical software SPSS v.25. The results of the study may have wider implications for managers and corporate professionals. Prof. Chiranjib Mitra | Prof. Jayjit Chakraborty "An Analytical Study on the Factors Governing Corporate Work Culture in West Bengal during the Post-Pandemic Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd57399.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/organizational-behaviour/57399/an-analytical-study-on-the-factors-governing-corporate-work-culture-in-west-bengal-during-the-postpandemic-era/prof-chiranjib-mitra
Work Life Balance and Employee Retention Evidence from a Selected Deposit Mon...ijtsrd
This study examined the effect of work life balance on employee retention in deposit money banks. Specifically to examine the how work life balance enhance employee's work demands in deposit money banks and ascertain the work life balance improve on employees welfare packages in deposit money banks. The study employed survey research design and data were collected from questionnaires distributed to the targeted respondents. The formulated hypotheses were tested with paired sample t test with aid of SPSS version 20.0. The findings showed that there is significant effect between work life balance and employee's work demands and employee's welfare packages in deposit money banks. Based on the findings, it was recommended that banks should ensure that reward system to be fair to each employee, hence the study revealed that some of the respondents are not comfortable with the present compensation system in their institution where they worked. Afodigbueokwu, Hillary E. | Ofurum, Darlington I. | Clement Ikwuoche G. "Work Life Balance and Employee Retention: Evidence from a Selected Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29504.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/29504/work-life-balance-and-employee-retention-evidence-from-a-selected-deposit-money-banks-in-nigeria/afodigbueokwu-hillary-e
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ON QUALITY OF WORK ...IAEME Publication
In this era of globalization, the organizations have realized the importance of human resources in achieving the goals of organizations. Improving Productivity, enhancing employee commitment, reducing attrition rate are some of the major challenges the organizations are facing in today’s dynamic environment. Quality of Work Life(QWL) has emerged as a concept whose main foundation is on developing jobs and working conditions that satisfy the employees personal needs through their experience in the organization. QWL refers to a relationship between the employees and their work environment by including the human perspective to the economic and technical perspective, thereby improving the overall satisfaction, motivation, commitment and involvement employees experience while working in the organizations. Rise in the Quality of Work Life enhances employees' wellbeing there by the wellbeing of the whole organization.
Assessment of the level of employee performances in some selected.pdfPUBLISHERJOURNAL
Assessment of the level of employee performances in some selected organizations in Kampala, Uganda.
1Tom Mulegi, 2Mary Tunde Nalubega, and 2Eleanor Kirahora Barongo
1Department of Public Administration, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
2Department of Development Peace and Conflict studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kampala International University.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the level of employee performances in some selected organizations in Kampala, Uganda. The study objective was achieved through descriptive, cross sectional and correlative survey designs. A study population of 484 was earmarked, from which a sample population of 219 respondents were derived using Slovene’s Formula. Data was collected primary using self-administered questionnaires (SAQs) and structured interviews. An extensive review of literature contributed a significant amount of secondary data. Findings showed that the r-value indicated that 67.7% of employee performance is influenced by job safety, implying that the remaining 23.3% of change in employee productivity could be explained by other factors other than Job safety. The study recommended that the Different stakeholders including government and non-governmental organizations need to put in place mechanisms to ensure that employees are protected from work. The government should put in place laws aiming at protecting workers against health issues associated with work related Hazards.
Keywords: Employee, performances, and organizations
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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Callus, 2001; Huzzard, 2003; Green, 2005) there has
been little deliberate overlap between these research
areas. A major gap is therefore evident in the call
centre literature in the way of a systematic
examination of job satisfaction, employee relations,
and the quality of work life.
This paper is an attempt to contribute to existing
literature on job satisfaction, employee relations, and
work-life balance in general and the Business Process
Outsourcing (BPO) industry in the Philippines in
particular. In light of the work organizations in BPOs
and resulting outcome that employees in their daily
efforts within the industry, the significance of the
issue of work-life balance should be stressed.
Moreover, the conflict between work demands vis-à-
vis personal and family needs is needed to be delved
into in order to have sufficient institutional support at
the employer, more so at the governmental level
(Jacobs and Gerson 2004). This paper is an attempt to
contribute to literature in three ways. First, it takes a
critical look at the workplace setting and organization
in BPOs. Second, the research examines the different
benefits in BPO companies and if employees perceive
them to foster work-life balance. Lastly, it discusses
the recommendations from the BPO workers
themselves in how to limit and alleviate the work-life
disconnect and promote genuine work-life balance.
Theoretical Background
General organizational and work environment in
BPOs are largely different from traditional
organizations as “the customer-oriented nature of
work often challenges the traditional conceptions of
control and coordination” (Tripathy, 2006: 3). It is
fast-paced with a 24/7 operations leading to
“possibilities for novel modes of conceptualizing and
organizing work, leading to discernible changes in
work cultures” (Tripathy, 2006: 3).
Generally, organizational culture is highly informal;
management and employees work together closely
within participative decision-making and
collaborative team-based organizational context. BPO
organizations are inclined to high-performance and
high productivity work team principles and tools;
they subscribe to inclination towards operational and
service excellence – promoting initiatives like total
quality standards, Six Sigma, Customer Operations
Performance Center (COPC) standards, Capability
Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), and the like.
Taylor et al. (2002) succinctly conveyed that in this
work setting: “powerful implicit expectations of
acceptable and output levels are embedded in the
culture of each workflow, with managers and
particularly, team leaders applying performance
norms.” These performance norms further reinforced
in day-to-day operations even in individuals work
practices. For example, Tripathy (2007:3) recalling a
usual phenomenon in BPOs: “the entry of employees
is strictly restricted to their work area and common
spaces earmarked for recreation and
refreshment…during the working hours, punctuality
and admissible breaks are tracked continuously
through computers… free time is limited… the
structure prevents them from too many toilet and
coffee breaks.” The interplay between an informal
workplace setting and the extreme rationalization of
work makes the work environment appealing but at
the same time confining and limiting to the BPO
employees.
The concept quality of work life originated as part of
a movement that began in the United States in the
1960’s and 1970’s; the purpose of which was to
initiate dialogue and encourage the theoretical
exploration of ways of making the working
environment a more humane situation for workers
(Davis and Cherns, 1975; Levine, 1983; Considine
and Callus, 2001; Huzzard, 2003). Concerns about
working conditions were triggered by rapid
advancements in technology which saw a greater de-
skilling, dehumanization, alienation and
objectification of labor under Taylorist and Fordist
influences (Davis and Cherns, 1975; Levine, 1983;
Huzzard, 2003; Green, 2005). Since this time, there
has been an upsurge of research concerned with the
quality of work life, from a multitude of disciplines.
Naturally, this has resulted in varying perspectives
about how to define the concept “quality of working
life” and what constitutes a high quality job.
Fundamentally, job quality and "the quality of work
life" are comprised by the set of work characteristics
which promote the well-being of the worker (Green,
2005). The European Foundation for the
Improvement of Working and Living Conditions
[EFIWLC] (2003) propose the concept has “its
foundations in a multi-dimensional understanding of
individual well-being or the good life”. These
definitions are essentially employee-centered, and
focus exclusively on what is beneficial for the
worker. It is therefore not surprising that researchers
have drawn attention to the importance of examining
workers experiences in studies of job quality.
Green (2005) states that employees are in an
unrivaled position when understanding the world of
work; they are the ones doing the jobs and are
therefore able to provide the most reliable
information. This paper will therefore gather and
report on findings relating to job quality from the
wider call centre literature as derived through
employee accounts and experiences.
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The concept quality of work life has been handled
and defined with differing levels of complexity. In its
simplest form, the concept is seen to be concerned
with employees’ job satisfaction, particularly in
relation to how much access is available to tangible
aspects of work such as income, and employment
benefits (Juuti, 1991; Lau and Bruce 1999). Towards
the more complex is to associate the concept with an
employee’s subjective wellbeing. This notion would
consider issues such as how secure the employee feels
in their job, and how safe they feel in terms of
occupational health and safety. This approach accepts
that the quality of work life involves both the tangible
and intangible aspects of individuals’ working-life
experiences; and acknowledges that the quality of
work life extends beyond organizational boundaries.
(Zapf, 1984, Sirgy, Efraty, Siegel, and Lee, 2001;
Considine and Callus, 2001). However, the quality of
work life is most widely accepted at its most complex
definitional form, where it is considered a dynamic,
multi-dimensional construct that incorporates any
number of measures relating to employment quality
(Levine, 1983; Carayon, 1997; Prujit, 2002; EFILC,
2003). Although this definition does little to minimize
ambiguity, its broad nature recognizes the intricacies
and complexities surrounding employment quality,
accepts that quality in employment is essentially
relative, and puts forth the quality of work life as a
notion that needs to be examined in relation to job
characteristics, individual circumstances and the
wider labor market. This is the definition that is
adopted in this review.
The terms job quality and quality of work life are
often transposable in the literature given that both are
concerned with the attributes comprising a job, and
the well-being of employees in relation to these job
characteristics. The approaches used to examine job
quality and the quality of work life are also often the
same. The terms will therefore be used
interchangeably for the purposes of this review.
Literature Review
While the call centre literature has drawn attention to
issues relating to job quality, this has often been
incidental, and a result of investigation of various
other aspects of call centers, in particular, the
application of the labor processes perspective. For
instance, Knights and McCabe (1998) provide an
account of the employment experiences of workers
employed in a British call centre undergoing a
business process re-engineering (BPR) regime, and
Russell (2002) uses a labor process perspective to
investigate employee responses to the culture of
employee management in an Australian call centre.
Taylor and Bain (1999) and Russell (2004) on the
other hand use a Foucauldian electronic panopticon
perspective to analyze the labor process and
employment relationship in call centers.
Furthermore, where job quality has been investigated
in call centers, the focus has been placed on specific
aspects of call centre work. For instance, researchers
have been particularly keen to examine stress and
burnout in these new organizational forms, and in
doing so, have highlighted the implications of roles
stress on employee performance and satisfaction (see
de Ruyter, Wetzels and Feinberg, 2001), the influence
of work relationships on emotional exhaustion and
employee withdrawal (Deery, Iverson & Walsh,
2002), and more generally, the burnout experiences of
call centre employees (Healy and Bramble, 2003).
Given the large proportion of women employed in
call centers, it is not surprising that the issue of
gender has also made in onto the research agenda.
The most notable contributions have been by Belt
(2002) who has examined the career intentions and
outcomes of women in British and Irish call centers,
and Mullholland (2002) who has investigated gender
dynamics in relation to emotional labor and team-
working. Other specific areas of call centre research
include employee responses to monitoring and
surveillance (see Barnes, 2004) and team-working
(see Townsend, 2004).
In short, although there has been an upsurge of call
centre research over the past five years, there is little
in the way of research that systematically examines
call centre work from a job quality approach. There is
also yet to be a study that comprehensively ties
together the available call centre research to identify
the most pertinent job quality issues. The following
review aims to minimize this gap by taking the first
step, which is to collect and present key findings
relating to job quality from the wider call centre
literature in order to highlight major concerns, and
more importantly, key areas where further research
into job quality is needed
These originally took form as an exhaustive list of
job-related factors which were determined through an
in-depth review of the job quality literature and the
frameworks that have been previously used to
examine job quality in different sectors, industries
and countries. A review of the call centre literature
followed, paying specific attention to issues identified
in the literature as having a significant bearing on job
quality in call centre workplaces. The issues
identified in the call centre literature were then cross
checked with the factors derived from the quality of
work life research to identify common job quality
factors.
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While the review is structured according to this
framework, it is acknowledged that it is difficult to
completely separate these job quality components
because of the significant overlaps that exist between
the various themes and factors. Isolating these themes
and factors, although done somewhat tentatively, was
necessary to give some order to the voluminous
findings that emerged through investigation of the
literature. It was also key to establishing linkages
between the two bodies of research.
Researchers suggest that work design can vary
significantly between call centers, depending on the
specific organizations’ objectives. For instance, those
organizations that compete on service quality are
more likely to design tasks to maximize employee
discretion and individual autonomy, in order to allow
more individualized service (Bain, Bunzel, Mulvey,
Hyman and Taylor, 2000; Hutchinson, Purcell and
Kinnie, 2000a; Deery and Kinnie, 2002). This is most
typical amongst organizations that operate under what
Bat and Moynihan (2002) describe as the professional
service models. The services provided in these
organizations tend to be highly specialized and
professional, requiring a blend of highly general skills
obtained through formal education, and firm specific
skills (ibid). Turnover in these workplaces tend to be
lower than average for call centers given the high
levels of employee empowerment (Evenson, Harker
and Frei, 1999).
The high rates of absenteeism and turnover that
characterize the call centre industry are well
documented in the literature. In Australia, national
call-centre turnover is placed at 18 per cent, although
turnover rates in the major cities - Sydney and
Melbourne, are placed as high as 30 to 40 per cent;
well above the average for typical office-type
workplaces (Kinnie et al, 2000). This compares
poorly with most other countries, and falls
particularly short of US best practice attrition rates
(Technical Assistance Research Program [TARP]
1997; ACTU, 2003).
Research indicates that the emerging pattern of
dissatisfaction amongst employees from this industry
can be linked with how employees perceive their
employment in the call centre context. (Richardson et
al, 2000; URCOT, 2000; Wallace, Eagleson and
Waldersee, 2000; Batt and Moynihan, 2002; Deery
and Kinnie, 2002; Houlihan, 2002; Paul and Huws,
2002). Researchers (e.g. Richardson et al, 2000;
URCOT, 2000) suggest that call centre employees
often feel undervalued because of the low status
image attached to their occupations. Employees in the
URCOT (2000) report stated they felt society had
little understanding of their responsibilities, and failed
to appreciate or recognize the interpersonal,
communication and relational skills associated with
call centre work. These perceptions essentially
worked to demoralize workers, and diminish their
attachment to their occupations.
Despite wage rates varying considerablybetween call
centers, workers often express dissatisfaction with the
relatively low pay levels offered across the industry
(Richardson, 1998; Kinnie et al, 2000; Paul and
Huws, 2002). Those employed on non-standard
working arrangements in particular, often find they
are paid less for carrying out the same tasks as
permanent, full-time staff. These workers are also
often paid minimum wages, and denied the right to
wage increases because of their non-standard
employment status (Paul and Huws, 2002; Hannif and
Lamm, 2005).
There has been growing concern in the literature
about the working time arrangements evident in call
centre workplaces, with researchers suggesting that
employment in this context is increasingly being
associated with extended, unsocial working hours,
and inflexible shifts systems and leave arrangements
(see Richardson and Marshall, 1999; Kinnie et al,
2000; Richardson et al, 2000; URCOT, 2000;
Watson, Bunzel, Lockyer, and Scholarios, 2000;
Mulholland, 2002; Paul and Huws, 2002). The quest
for organizational flexibility in this sector has led to a
shift away from the traditional 9am-to-5pm, 5-days a
week employment structure, a reduction of the
working week to 35 hours and extension of opening
hours in order to hire a higher proportion of non-
standard workers (Watson et al 2000; Hutchinson,
Purcell, and Kinnie, 2000a). For instance, the TARP
study conducted in 1997 suggested that 30 per cent of
Australian call centers operated seven days a week,
and 9 per cent operated 24 hours per day.
Although there is little in the form of literature that
examines the specific employment forms offered in
call centre organizations, there is growing evidence to
suggest the use of non-standard workers has increased
widely across call centre workplaces (see Richardson
and Marshall, 1999; Hutchinson et al, 2000; URCOT,
2000; Watson et al, 2000; ACA, 2002; Paul and
Huws, 2002; ACA, 2003; Hannif and Lamm, 2004;
Russell, 2004). Watson et al (2000) suggest call
centers epitomise the shift towards the loosening of
employer-employee relationships. In the endeavor to
achieve maximum organizational flexibility, call
centers have shifted away from the standard full-time
form of employment, diminishing the amount of
mutual loyalty and commitment traditionally held by
the two parties. There is also evidence to indicate that
while non-standard arrangements may offer some
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employees much needed flexibility, they can also
detriment employees in numerous ways. Hannif and
Lamm (2004) in their investigation of non-standard
employment practices in two New Zealand call
centers noted the associations that could be drawn
between casual and part-time employment in these
workplaces, and lower rates of pay, less access to
employment benefits and entitlements, fewer
opportunities for training and development, and
higher exposure to occupational health and safety
risks. Indeed, similar research is necessary in the
Australian call centre context to determine whether
these employees experience lower job quality than
those in more stable and secure employment forms.
There is little research that examines the relationships
between employees in call centre workplaces. There
is, however, a growing body of call centre literature
that examines how employers have introduced ‘fun’
in to the call centre work culture to deal with some of
the negativities associated with the monotonous and
repetitive nature of tasks. Kinnie et al (2000) suggest
these measures have been brought in by management
as a means of meeting the somewhat paradoxical
goals of efficiency and high quality service. Team
formation, for example, is a widely used strategy
within call centre workplaces to improve cohesion
between workers, and increase employee commitment
and productivity (Kinnie et al, 2000; Russell, 2004;
Townsend, 2004).
Although managerial styles and strategies can vary
significantly between different call centers, there is
strong evidence to suggest that employees are
increasingly turning away from call centers because
of the lack of people management skills in these
workplaces (URCOT, 2000; Wallace et al, 2000;
Houlihan, 2002). Wallace et al (2000) suggest that
many call centers have assumed what they term as a
‘sacrificial human resources strategy’, a strategy that
is based on a deliberate “misalignment between task
demands and employee intrinsic motivation” (p.178).
In short, management ensures efficiency and quality
service are concurrently delivered by selecting
employees based on their personal intrinsic
motivation to deliver quality services to the customer.
Furthermore, the costs of people management and
employee development are minimized as there is little
organizational investment in improving levels of
morale and commitment.
Employee-related consequences such as stress and
burnout, are hence accepted, and tolerated. Houlihan
(2002) suggests this specific organizational strategy
echoes a ‘containment’ model of low-discretion, high
commitment (LDHC) management, which relies on
control and compliance to achieve the overriding
goals of productivity and efficiency.
Given the diversity of the call centre context, the
amount of monitoring and control experienced by
employees varies significantly between call centre
workplaces (Bain et al, 2000; Gilmore and Moreland,
2000; Deery and Kinnie, 2002; Houlihan, 2002).
Again, this is largely determined by the specific
business objectives guiding the organizations
practices. The extant literature suggests that at one
extreme, calls are relatively simple, and responses can
thus be scripted, and standardized. Relatively tight
statistical monitoring systems prevail in these
workplaces in order to maximize the number of calls
that can be serviced (Bain et al, 2000; Deery and
Kinnie, 2002). At the other extreme, are call centers
which focus on the quality of service delivery. Given
the focus on individualized service, temporal
measures are less significant than the relational
aspects of the call (Bain et al, 2000; Gilmore and
Moreland, 2000).
Employment in the call centre industry is often
associated with limited and inadequate opportunities
for training and career development (Crome, 1998;
Richardson et al, 2000; URCOT, 2000; Bagnara and
Marti, 2001; Deery and Kinnie, 2002; Paul and Huws,
2002). As Crome (1998: 137) explains, training is
considered ‘nice to have’ rather than a ‘must have’ in
many of these workplaces, given the low training
budgets dedicated by organizations to training
initiatives, and the high churn rates that characterize
the industry. In many cases, training is considered
futile because of the simple and highly structured
nature of the tasks performed in call centers.
Organizational investment in training and skill
development is thus, limited, preventing workers
from acquiring additional skills, and causing many
workers to leave the industry altogether. In actual
fact, the process operates as a spiral, with turnover
and related cost pressures encouraging employers to
minimize the complexity of tasks, which diminishes
the need for training investment, hence, triggering
further movement out of the industry (Crome, 1998;
Paul and Huws, 2002).
The issue of stress and burnout is widely documented
in the call centre literature, and is considered a critical
aspect of employment in this industry (see ACA,
1998; Richardson and Marshall, 1999; Kinnie et al,
2000; Richardson et al, 2000; URCOT, 2000;
Wallace et al, 2000; Bagnara and Marti, 2001; Batt
and Moynihan, 2002; Deery and Kinnie 2002;
Holman, 2002; Mulholland, 2002; Paul and Huws,
2002; Shire et al, 2002; Healy and Bramble, 2003). A
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study on 433 Australian call centre employees by
ACA (1998) indicated that a quarter of workers
experienced high levels of stress on the job;
something they had not experienced prior to working
within the call centre industry. The extant literature
attributes these levels of stress to a number of factors,
including the exceedingly intensive and emotionally
demanding nature of the work, and the high levels of
monitoring and control that employee have to endure
on a day-to-day basis.
Work-life balance “is the stability characterized by
the balancing of an individual’s life complexity and
dynamism with environmental and personal resources
such as family, community, employer, profession,
geography, information, economics, personality, or
values” (Crooker et al, 2002: 389). The linkage of
work and personal aspect of lives has always been
emphasized (Bruck et al., 2002; Gibson, et al., 2006).
Gibson et a. (2006: 197-198) offered two
explanations regarding the interconnectedness of
work and life in the organizational setting: (1) the
compensation effect implies that employees tend to
compensate for low work or personal life satisfaction
by seeking contentment in the other domain; and (2)
the spillover view that indicates that job satisfaction
spills over into one’s work life and vice versa.
With its 24/7 operations BPO companies has higher
turnover rates compared to most other industries in
the Philippines. In a recent study, Hechanova (2008)
explained that 1 of 2 call center representatives has
turnover intent; this turnover intent is associated with
age, career commitment, burnout, satisfaction with
pay, boss, promotions, job responsibilities, firm
management and promotions. Given the results of the
research, she recommended that call centers and BPO
companies should ensure effective rewards
management, helping employees find the right fit and
rethinking job design, as well as provide fun
atmosphere and Employee Wellbeing Programs.
Work-Life Balance in Philippine BPO organizations,
are seen in these terms focusing on the extent to
which benefits are not only commensurate and
competitive but are also relevant to the needs of
employees. Moreover, as BPO employees belong to
fairly young age group, a supportive workplace and
fun work environment is imperative to address the
work-related stressors (Hechanova, 2008).
Union representation can play an important role in
improving the quality of working life for call centre
workers (Frenkel et al, 1998; Paul and Huws, 2002).
The amount of union protection extended to
employees, however, varies considerably based on the
size and structure of any given call centre. The
highest rates of unionization are evident in in-house
or public sector call centers, which incidentally also
have lower turnover rates (ACTU, 2002; Paul and
Huws, 2002; Burgess and Winsen, 2004).
Data Analysis
This paper is an attempt to contribute to existing
literature on job satisfaction, employee relations, and
work-life balance in general and the Business Process
Outsourcing (BPO) industry in the Philippines in
particular. located at Clark Freeport Zone.
The researcher first thought of a randomized selection
of respondents. However, because of institutional
policies, the researcher was confined to convenience
sampling instead. This is in accordance to the
institution’s regulations on how many among the
agents will answer the questionnaire.
The following institutions allowed the researcher to
have a set the number of the respondents:
Cyber City Teleservices, Inc. – 50 respondents
Sutherland Global Services – 30 respondents
Microtel Global Solutions, Inc. – 60 respondents
Although the numbers of respondent were pre-
determined by the institutions, the researcher
instructed each company representative who
conducted the distribution of the questionnaire to
randomize the dissemination.
The goal and objectives of the study was met through
the use of survey methodology. This is a descriptive,
cross-sectional, survey that was conducted at three
BPO companies
Conclusions
Based from the study, the general personal profiles of
call center agents are young workforce, between
average to above average wage earners, and
diversified personnel in terms of educational
attainment, marital status, and working status.
However, it can be noted that the young workforce, it
is assumed that they are just starting their careers as
BPO agents. Also, there are a number of call center
agents who are college undergraduates, newly hired,
and on probationary status which are directly related
to their compensation.
For the workplace relationships, the customer service
representatives affirmed that respect to and from co-
workers are important and are present. It may be
taken as in the social context of being a Filipino
where we are all known for. Filipinos value
camaraderie and social relationships in the workplace.
This is also agreed by the acquired the lowest rating is
the level of stress you feel associated with the
relationship you have with your co-worker with a
mean of 3.094. This only means that call center
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agents in general don’t take workplace issues
personally. Thus, stress is not because of their co-
workers but for any other reasons.
The study is limited to their satisfaction only and did
not dwell on what other types of work are being
conducted inside the call center. It may be
generalized that different companies employ different
policies on the amount of and magnitude of work.
It may be viewed that the call center agents are only
staying because there is a lack of job that matches
their educational preparations or they are planning to
transfer into another company. What is assured by the
results is that an employee stays with the organization
or company because of his colleagues.
Overall, a customer service representative values the
company he or she works with because of the
relationship formed within the organization from and
by his workmates. It is therefore concluded that
workplace relationships has more impact on making
the agents stay with the company regardless of the
quality of working environment and job satisfaction.
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