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Women and Epilepsy
The main areas to consider are:
AEDs and appearance
Female hormones and seizure control
Fertility
Contraception
Pregnancy
Phenytoin therapy in childhood can cause hirsutism, gingival hyperplasia and coarsen of facial features. Sodium
valproate can cause hair loss, acne and hirsutism. Sodium valproate can also stimulate appetite leading to
obesity, as can vigabatrin, gabapentin and pregabalin.
Conversely, topiramate can cause significant weight loss
Experimental evidence from animal studies suggests that the change in seizure frequency during the menstrual
cycle may be related to the relative oestrogen and progesterone concentrations, with oestrogens being
considered to have pro-convulsant and progestogens anticonvulsant properties, respectively.
A reasonable treatment option in women who develop PCOS and/or ovulatory dysfunction while taking valproate
is to consider discontinuation of the drug and treatment with an alternative AED, if possible.
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The AEDs phenobarbital, primidone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, topiramate and eslicarbazepine acetate are
inducers of the hepatic P450 microsomal isoenzyme CYP3A4 which is responsible for the metabolism of
oestrogens and progestogens. This results in increased metabolism of the combined oral contraceptive pill and
can lead to failure of OCP.
Obstetric/neurology pre-conceptual counselling service should be available to allow rapid assessment of women
actively contemplating pregnancy and to coordinate care during pregnancy. The risk of major congenital
malformations is at least doubled (4-9%) in women receiving AEDs, compared with the general population (2-3%)
must be discussed.
The prescription of folic acid before conception and at least until the end of the first trimester is recommended in
patients taking antiepileptic medication, as it is for all women. It causes an increased risk of neural tube defect in
children born to mothers taking AEDs, in particular, sodium valproate and carbamazepine.
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Women and Epilepsy

  • 1. Women and Epilepsy The main areas to consider are: AEDs and appearance Female hormones and seizure control Fertility Contraception Pregnancy Phenytoin therapy in childhood can cause hirsutism, gingival hyperplasia and coarsen of facial features. Sodium valproate can cause hair loss, acne and hirsutism. Sodium valproate can also stimulate appetite leading to obesity, as can vigabatrin, gabapentin and pregabalin. Conversely, topiramate can cause significant weight loss Experimental evidence from animal studies suggests that the change in seizure frequency during the menstrual cycle may be related to the relative oestrogen and progesterone concentrations, with oestrogens being considered to have pro-convulsant and progestogens anticonvulsant properties, respectively. A reasonable treatment option in women who develop PCOS and/or ovulatory dysfunction while taking valproate is to consider discontinuation of the drug and treatment with an alternative AED, if possible. Privacy - Terms COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 2. The AEDs phenobarbital, primidone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, topiramate and eslicarbazepine acetate are inducers of the hepatic P450 microsomal isoenzyme CYP3A4 which is responsible for the metabolism of oestrogens and progestogens. This results in increased metabolism of the combined oral contraceptive pill and can lead to failure of OCP. Obstetric/neurology pre-conceptual counselling service should be available to allow rapid assessment of women actively contemplating pregnancy and to coordinate care during pregnancy. The risk of major congenital malformations is at least doubled (4-9%) in women receiving AEDs, compared with the general population (2-3%) must be discussed. The prescription of folic acid before conception and at least until the end of the first trimester is recommended in patients taking antiepileptic medication, as it is for all women. It causes an increased risk of neural tube defect in children born to mothers taking AEDs, in particular, sodium valproate and carbamazepine. Manipal Hospital Dwarka is the best hospital for epilepsy treatment in Delhi (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/) having the best doctor for epilepsy in Delhi who work together to provide the highest level of patient care. Women with epilepsy should immediately consult the best neurologist (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/doctors-list/neurology/)near them. Dr Khusbu Goel (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/doctors/dr-khushbu-goel-consultant-neurology) Consultant, Neurology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/specialities/neurology) Manipal Hospitals, Dwarka (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/) Recent Posts (blog/black-fungus-infection-symptoms-treatment-and-causes/) Black Fungus Infection: Symptoms, Treatment, and Causes Mucormycosis, popularly termed “Black fungus” by the media and public, is a disease… COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 3. (blog/impact-of-covid-19-on-pregnant-women-and-their-babies/) Impact of COVID-19 on Pregnant Women and Their Babies The first wave of COVID-19 majorly affects people with advanced age and underlying… (blog/self-proning-a-guilde-to-increase-oxygen-level-at-homes/) Self Proning: A Guilde To Increase Oxygen Level At Home In the year 1976, Dr Robert Brown and nurse Margaret Piehl had co- authored a paper.… (blog/all-you-know-about-antibody-test/) All You Know About Antibody Test An antibody test is a blood test used to detect antibodies formed in the body against… Home (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/)  blog (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/blogs/)  Women-and-epilepsy (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/) Head Office: Manipal Health Enterprise Pvt Ltd. The Annexe, #98/2, Rustom Bagh, Off HAL Airport Road, Bengaluru - 560017 Email:info@manipalhospitals.com (mailto:info@manipalhospitals.com) ook.com/ManipalHospitalsIndia) w.instagram.com/manipalhospitals/) https:/ /twitter.com/ManipalHealth) / /www.youtube.com/channel/UCSljO84JCPeaefyHe- Get it from (https:/ /play.google.com/store/apps/details? Get it (https:/ /apps.apple.com/in/app/manipal- COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 4. Play Store id=com.manipal.manipalhospitals) from App Store hospital/id1345944421) TARIFF Cardiac Stent Pricing (uploads/pdf/Cadiac_stents_NPPA__rate_list_Final_26_9_17.pdf) TKR Implants Pricing (uploads/pdf/NPPA_Order_Knee_160817.pdf) In-patient Tariff (uploads/pdf/SCHEDULE_OF_INPATIENT_TARIFF_WITH_EFFECTIVE_FROM_Oldairportroad.pdf) Centres of Excellence Accident and Emergency Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/accident-and-emergency-care/) Cancer Care/Oncology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/cancer-care/) Cardiology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/cardiology/) Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/cardiothoracic-vascular- surgery/) Gastrointestinal Science (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/gastrointestinal-science/) Laparoscopic Surgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/laparoscopic-surgery/) Liver Transplantation Surgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/liver-transplantation-surgery/) Nephrology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/nephrology/) Neurology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/neurology/) Neurosurgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/neurosurgery/) Obstetrics and Gynaecology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/obstetrics-and-gynaecology/) Organ Transplant (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/organ-transplant/) Orthopaedics (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/orthopaedics/) Paediatric And Child Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/paediatric-and-child-care/) Rheumatology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/rheumatology/) Spine Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/spine-care/) Urology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/urology/) Locations Old Airport Road - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/oldairportroad) Whitefield - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/whitefield) COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 5. MH Clinic - Brookefield - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/clinics-brookefield) Malleshwaram - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/malleshwaram) Jayanagar - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/jayanagar) Dwarka - Delhi (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi) Goa (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/goa) Jaipur (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/jaipur) Mangalore (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mangalore) Salem (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/salem) Vijayawada (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/vijayawada) Klang - Malaysia (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com.my/) ACCREDITATIONS Important Link About Us (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/about-us/) Blog (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/blogs) Book an Appointment (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/doctors-list/) Book a Health Check (https:/ /healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Contact Us (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/contact-us/) Corporate (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/corporate/) Find a Doctor (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/doctors-list/) International Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/internationalpatientcare/) Lab Reports (https:/ /labportal.manipalhospitals.com/) Latest Update (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/latest-update/) Life at a Glance (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/life-at-manipal/) MARS (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mars/) Methods to Miracles (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/methods-to-miracles/) News & Media (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/media/) Pricing / Tariff (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/tariff/) Rights and Responsibilities (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/rights-and-responsibilities/) COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 6. Sitemap (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/sitemap/) Feedback (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/#) BANGALORE (/oldairportroad/) DELHI (/delhi/) GOA (/goa/) JAIPUR (/jaipur/) MANGALORE (/mangalore/) SALEM (/salem/) VIJAYAWADA (/vijayawada/) KLANG- MALAYSIA (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com.my/) Copyright © 2021 MANIPAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES PVT LTD - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED CSR POLICY (csr-policy/) | DISCLAIMER (disclaimer/) | PRIVACY POLICY (privacy-policy/) | T&C (terms-and- conditions/) COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 