2. ELECTRIC CARS : OUTLINE
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Historical Background
How an Electric Car Works?
Motors
Controllers
Batteries and Chargers
Braking
Tesla Roadster
Challenges and Future
References
3. ELECTRIC CARS : HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
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Electric cars were prevalent in early 20th century, when
electricity was preferred in automobile propulsion
• Further the global economic recession of late 2000s called to
abandon the fuel inefficient SUVs, in favor of small cars,
hybrid c
• The energy crisis of 1970s and 1980s brought a renewed
interest in electric vehicles.
4. Thomas Edison with a car made by Detroit Electric , 19071939
Reference :
courtesy of the National Museum of American History through en.wikipedia.org
6. ELECTRIC CARS : HOW THEY WORK?
• An Electric car is powered by an Electric Motor rather than
a Gasoline Engine.
• The Electric Motor gets its power from a controller.
• The Controller is powered from an array of rechargeable
batteries.
7. MOTORS
• Electric cars can use AC as well as DC motors.
• DC installations are simpler. Another feature of DC motors
is that they can be overdriven for short periods of time (up
to a factor of 10), which is good for short bursts of
acceleration.
• AC motors have better torque and speed output, for same
weight and size .
8. BATTERIES AND CHARGERS
• Lead acid batteries used, until recently.
• A weak link in the electric cars.
• Heavy, Bulky, limited capacity
• NiMH batteries
• Lithium ion and NiMH batteries
10. BRAKING
• Regenerative braking along with conventional
friction braking.
• Motor as a generator.
• Recaptures car’s kinetic energy and converts it
to electricity to recharge the batteries.
11. • What kind of power would you want in a new
car ?
Sales
electrical
hybrid
petrol
other
don’t want to
buy a car
12. ELECTRIC CARS: TESLA ROADSTER
Acceleration: zero to 60 mph in
about 3.7 seconds.
Dimensions: 155.4 inches
long, 73.7 inches wide, 44.4 inches
tall with a 92.6-inch wheelbase.
13. TESLA ROADSTER
• Weight: 2,500 pounds (subject to change due to
safety regulations).
• Top Speed: Over 130 mph.
• Range: 245 miles Per Charge.
• Battery Life: Useful battery life in excess of
100,000 miles.
14. CHALLENGES AND FUTURE
*Battery Problems :
• Long recharging time - refueling required only
minutes.
• Battery weight - 100 pound Lead acid
batteries = 1 pound of gasoline.
• Battery costs.
15. Air conditioning
• Inefficient air conditioning solutions have a
more pronounced effect on Electric vehicles
then on gasoline vehicles.
• This reduces the driving range.
And other ……..
16. Prices
• Electric cars are expensive
• There are few wich are cheaper but in general
electrics cars are expensive.
17. Recharge stations
• Recharge station are a major problem for
electric cars :
• In some countries there is no recharge station
so citizens will not buy the electric car
because they wont be able to recharge it .
21. • Bibliography
• http://en.wikipedia.org/ .
• www.howstuffworks.com.
• from www.howstuffworks.com.
• from www.teslamotors.com
• Retrieved from http://www.carsdirect.com/carpricing/new-electric-car-costs-vs-standardgasoline-vehicles
Editor's Notes
In the following slides we will aboouthese outline …… after following these outline we will undestrand the topic
electric cars were the most spread cars because the electricity was prefered to make the car (engine ) work . And because of the economic recession . People began using small and efficient cars and the hybrid ones . And the enerfy crisis was a main cause of improving the interest in electric cars
Detroit Electric (1907–1939 and 2008–present) was an electric car produced by the Anderson Electric Car Company in detroit. The company built 13,000 electric cars from 1907 to 1939
The Tribelhorn was a swiss electric car manufactured from 1899 until 1919 in Zurich. Production began in earnest in 1902; three and fourwheelers were offered
Electric car are simple : they have batteries that power the controller wich give its power the the electric motor .The controller delivers a controlled voltage to the motor, depending upon potentiometer output.
as we see there are 2 kinds of motors AC abd DC . Basically both have advantages like Dc can be overdriven and AC has better torque …… but AC is most used than DC .
There are many kinds of batteries as we see . Lithium ion and NiMH batteries likely to be used if their prices can be made competitive with lead acid batteries. NiMH batteries give double the range and last 10 years, but expensive.Heavy, Bulky, limited capacity (12 – 15 kilowatt hours), slow charging rate, short life and expensive.
As we see there are many caracteristics for each battery .
The braking system has an amazing feature : the braking system converts the kinetic energy into electricity that charges the battery which is magnificant. and it regenrates.
as we see in this graph electric cars are approching from the petrol cars and we have to consider that petrol cars are old so people are scared from the new things . So in the next few years electric cars will overpass the petrols cars .
The teslaroadser is the of the most successful electric cars. It looks good . And it’s fast .
The teslo roadster provides safety for the driver (weight ). Can go for 245 miles per charge wich is a long distance . And has a long battery life (100,000 miles )
Regardless the advantages of the electric car . It has disadvantages also : first it demandes much time to get recharged when refueling is done in minnutes and the battery costs too much and weights too much .
Air conditioning is inefficient and reduces the driving range…… so its has bad influence on the electric car .
Electric cars can reach the price of 150 000 which is expensive . And if the battery is ruined , the cost of the battery can reach ¼ of the cars price.
Recharge stations are problem because people will not buy the car if they can’t recharget , considering that recharge stations are not available in all countries .
lithiium polymer and sinc air and lithuim cobalt metal oxide are better batteries that should be used to improve the electric car performance ( battery improved )
Once we user a super capacitor . The capacitance will increase and when the capacitance increases the voltages increases . ( Q = c v) so we get a longer battery life .
Solar vehicles are vehicles that transforms the solar energy into electric energy . So the battery of the car will still charging as long as the car is receiving solar energy on the plates which is placed somewhere on the car .
Informations of the slides were retreived from the following websites .
