The Psychology of Sharing: What Is This Study About?




A first-of-its-kind inquiry
into the motivations behind why we share


                                                           Understanding the motivational

                                      forces behind the act of sharing will help marketers

                                                                  get their content shared
Why do consumers share content online?




    What motivates   Are there distinct      How can
     consumers to      personalities      understanding
    share content?     with different      why people
                       motivations?         share help
                                           advertisers?
Overview
  Overview




                                                   4
Methodology   Motivations   Online Sharing   Key Guidelines   Consumer
              for Sharing     Personas        for Getting     Categories
                                                 Shared
Methodology



1     Ethnographies
      ●In-person interviews in New York,
      Chicago and San Francisco




2
                                           We worked with Latitude
                                           Research to conduct a three-
      Immersion/Deprivation                phase study to understand
      ●One-week sharing panel
                                           why people share content
                                           online



3
     Quantitative Survey
     ●Survey of 2,500 medium/heavy
     online sharers
     ●Conducted segmentation to identify
     main types of sharers
SHARING CONTENT IS NOT NEW
In the past, people shared at lunch
with their girlfriends when they saw
someone with something cool. We still
share things when it’s relevant… we
just share more and online.


– Ethnography participant, female
Sharing is not new, it's human nature


                             Self-
                         actualization


                            Self-
                        actualization
             Love/                       Esteem
           Belonging      Esteem

                       Love/Belonging

                           Safety
                                                  Safety
                        Physiological
We now live in the Information Age

We share    From           With       MORE         MORE
 MORE       MORE          MORE        often       quickly
content    sources        people
I have a hard time imagining how much
more to-the-minute information can
become. With twitter, instant FB
updates, e-mail updates, what would
have been considered fast even five
years ago is obsolete.

– Deprivation participant, female
From Broadcasters to Sharecasters


                             Mashing up



Receiving




            Redistributing                Creating and
                                           recreating
Combining
Sharing acts as “information management”


                            73%
                       say they process
                      information more
                      deeply, thoroughly
                       and thoughtfully        Sharing information
                      when they share it       helps me do my job.
                                              I remember products
                                                  and information
                                              sources better when I
      85%                                       share them and am
 say reading other                               more likely to use
people’s responses                                     them.
    helps them
  understand and                           – Deprivation participant, male
process information
    and events
MOTIVATIONS FOR SHARING
To bring valuable and entertaining content to others



                             49%
                        say sharing allows
                          them to inform
                        others of products
                       they care about and
                        potentially change
                            opinions or
                         encourage action

       94%                                   [I share] to enrich the
 carefully consider                           lives of those around
      how the                                           me.
 information they
share will be useful                             - Immersion
  to the recipient                            participant, female
To define ourselves to others



     68%
  share to give
 people a better
sense of who they
  are and what
 they care about
                                       I try to share only
                                information that will reinforce
                                 the image I’d like to present:
                                  thoughtful, reasoned, kind,
                                   interested and passionate
                                      about certain things.
                                 - Deprivation participant, male
To grow and nourish our relationships



      73%
 share information
  because it helps
them connect with                              I miss the companionship and
 others who share                               conversations on Facebook.
   their interests                            I feel like I’m probably missing
                                              out on some things without the
                                                         connection.

                                                 - Deprivation participant,
                             78%                            male
                       share information
                     online because it lets
                     them stay connected
                      to people they may
                      not otherwise stay
                         in touch with
Self-fulfillment




                                             69%
                                              share
                                           information
                                         because it allows
                                        them to feel more
       I enjoy getting comments       involved in the world
     that I sent great information
   and that my friends will forward
      it to their friends because
            it’s so helpful. It
        makes me feel valuable.
                   -
- Ethnography participant, female
To get the word out about causes or brands




     I forwarded an article
     about Proposition B to
    Everyone in my union. I
  wanted them to learn about
 the issue and rally against it.

- Ethnography participant, male
                                        84%
                                     share because
                                      it is a way to
                                   support causes or
                                    issues they care
                                           about
Sharing is all about relationships




     1              2              3                 4                  5
  To bring
valuable and    To define     To grow and                        To get the word
entertaining   ourselves to    nourish our    Self-fulfillment   out about causes
 content to       others      relationships                          or brands
   others
Six personas of online sharers



   1
Altruists                            5                      SEGMENTS ARE
                                 Connectors                 DEFINED BY:
                                                           ● Emotional
                  3                                          motivations
                Hipsters
                                                           ● Desired
                                                             presentation of
                                                             self
                                                 6         ● Role of sharing
                                              Selectives     in life
       2                                                   ● Value of being
   Careerists              4                                 first to share
                    Boomerangs
KEY GUIDELINES FOR GETTING
KEY GUIDELINES FOR GETTING
     CONTENT SHARED
     CONTENT SHARED
Appeal to consumers’
motivation to connect
with each other — not
just with your brand
Trust is the
cost of entry for
getting shared
Keep it simple...
and it will get
shared… and it
won't get muddled
Appeal to their
sense of humor
Embrace a
sense of
urgency
Getting your
             content shared
             is just the
             beginning



Get shared      Get shared    Listen   Get credit for   Respond
                  again                 responding
E-mail is still #1
CATEGORY SEGMENTATION


                                               Finance




                                  Technology
          Retail &
          Fashion




Travel
                     Entertain-
                       ment
For more information on this study and how it
impacts your brand, please contact Brian Brett:
          brian.brett@nytimes.com.

Why people share

  • 2.
    The Psychology ofSharing: What Is This Study About? A first-of-its-kind inquiry into the motivations behind why we share Understanding the motivational forces behind the act of sharing will help marketers get their content shared
  • 3.
    Why do consumersshare content online? What motivates Are there distinct How can consumers to personalities understanding share content? with different why people motivations? share help advertisers?
  • 4.
    Overview Overview 4 Methodology Motivations Online Sharing Key Guidelines Consumer for Sharing Personas for Getting Categories Shared
  • 5.
    Methodology 1 Ethnographies ●In-person interviews in New York, Chicago and San Francisco 2 We worked with Latitude Research to conduct a three- Immersion/Deprivation phase study to understand ●One-week sharing panel why people share content online 3 Quantitative Survey ●Survey of 2,500 medium/heavy online sharers ●Conducted segmentation to identify main types of sharers
  • 6.
  • 7.
    In the past,people shared at lunch with their girlfriends when they saw someone with something cool. We still share things when it’s relevant… we just share more and online. – Ethnography participant, female
  • 8.
    Sharing is notnew, it's human nature Self- actualization Self- actualization Love/ Esteem Belonging Esteem Love/Belonging Safety Safety Physiological
  • 9.
    We now livein the Information Age We share From With MORE MORE MORE MORE MORE often quickly content sources people
  • 10.
    I have ahard time imagining how much more to-the-minute information can become. With twitter, instant FB updates, e-mail updates, what would have been considered fast even five years ago is obsolete. – Deprivation participant, female
  • 11.
    From Broadcasters toSharecasters Mashing up Receiving Redistributing Creating and recreating Combining
  • 12.
    Sharing acts as“information management” 73% say they process information more deeply, thoroughly and thoughtfully Sharing information when they share it helps me do my job. I remember products and information sources better when I 85% share them and am say reading other more likely to use people’s responses them. helps them understand and – Deprivation participant, male process information and events
  • 13.
  • 14.
    To bring valuableand entertaining content to others 49% say sharing allows them to inform others of products they care about and potentially change opinions or encourage action 94% [I share] to enrich the carefully consider lives of those around how the me. information they share will be useful - Immersion to the recipient participant, female
  • 15.
    To define ourselvesto others 68% share to give people a better sense of who they are and what they care about I try to share only information that will reinforce the image I’d like to present: thoughtful, reasoned, kind, interested and passionate about certain things. - Deprivation participant, male
  • 16.
    To grow andnourish our relationships 73% share information because it helps them connect with I miss the companionship and others who share conversations on Facebook. their interests I feel like I’m probably missing out on some things without the connection. - Deprivation participant, 78% male share information online because it lets them stay connected to people they may not otherwise stay in touch with
  • 17.
    Self-fulfillment 69% share information because it allows them to feel more I enjoy getting comments involved in the world that I sent great information and that my friends will forward it to their friends because it’s so helpful. It makes me feel valuable. - - Ethnography participant, female
  • 18.
    To get theword out about causes or brands I forwarded an article about Proposition B to Everyone in my union. I wanted them to learn about the issue and rally against it. - Ethnography participant, male 84% share because it is a way to support causes or issues they care about
  • 19.
    Sharing is allabout relationships 1 2 3 4 5 To bring valuable and To define To grow and To get the word entertaining ourselves to nourish our Self-fulfillment out about causes content to others relationships or brands others
  • 21.
    Six personas ofonline sharers 1 Altruists 5 SEGMENTS ARE Connectors DEFINED BY: ● Emotional 3 motivations Hipsters ● Desired presentation of self 6 ● Role of sharing Selectives in life 2 ● Value of being Careerists 4 first to share Boomerangs
  • 22.
    KEY GUIDELINES FORGETTING KEY GUIDELINES FOR GETTING CONTENT SHARED CONTENT SHARED
  • 23.
    Appeal to consumers’ motivationto connect with each other — not just with your brand
  • 24.
    Trust is the costof entry for getting shared
  • 25.
    Keep it simple... andit will get shared… and it won't get muddled
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
    Getting your content shared is just the beginning Get shared Get shared Listen Get credit for Respond again responding
  • 29.
  • 30.
    CATEGORY SEGMENTATION Finance Technology Retail & Fashion Travel Entertain- ment
  • 31.
    For more informationon this study and how it impacts your brand, please contact Brian Brett: brian.brett@nytimes.com.