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Which, of the below choices of inference rules, is used to show that from the hypotheses “Every
kid in school learns arithmetic” and “Antonio is a kid in school”, we can conclude that Antonio
learns arithmetic? Explain...
Modus Tollens
Modus Ponens
Hypothetical Syllogism
Universal Instantiation
Solution
Universal Instantiation
Reason: Universal instantiation is a valid rule of inference from a truth about each member of a
class of individuals to the truth about a particular individual of that class.
Example: No humans can fly. John Doe is human. Therefore John Doe can not fly

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