The document summarizes key points from chapters 2-4 of the Bhagavad Gita as explained by Krishna to Arjuna. Krishna teaches that the core of the universe and individuals is immortal cosmic consciousness. He urges Arjuna to follow his swadharma, or innate duties, as the path to realizing this consciousness. Krishna explains that actions can either express or lead to cosmic consciousness, through jnana yoga or karma yoga respectively. He elaborates on swadharma and the different varanas, or characteristic personalities, that manifest from consciousness according to one's stage of evolution. Krishna asserts that swadharma is the means to liberation for individuals, society, and the universe
The document describes the author's fond childhood memories of visiting the town of Walaval, including traveling there in a hired van, the narrow red brick roads lined with small shops and houses with tile roofs, and the centuries-old Laxmi-Narayan temple by a lake. As a child, the author had beliefs shaped by their family deity Dev Narayan but later encountered Marxist analysis which caused their beliefs to drift. However, the author now sees value in the concept of family deities as an important part of developing cosmic consciousness over time.
My Spiritual Queston Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikarshivsr5
The document discusses forgetting oneself during namasmāran (remembrance of a divine name). It explains that forgetting oneself in this context does not mean becoming oblivious, but rather forgetting individual doubts and focusing on remedying situations from their root cause. By engaging in namasmāran in this state of forgetting oneself, one can become focused on and active with the unchanging controlling center or Paramātmā, as opposed to the ever-changing illusory situations of māyā. Feedback from other namasmāran practitioners is welcome.
Namasmaran And Stress Dr. Shriniwas J. Kashalikarshivsr5
Namasmaran means remembering the name of God and helps connect an individual to their true self and cosmic consciousness.
The document discusses how namasmaran can help integrate different faculties in an individual, cement social bonds, and unite people of different backgrounds.
Namasmaran is described as a "panacea" and "objective phenomenon" that can benefit people of all backgrounds through regular practice and experience, not just belief. It is a way to realize one's maximum potential.
Meaning Of Conceptual Stress Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikarshivsr5
This document discusses conceptual stress, which is a type of stress caused by intellectual chaos arising from physical, emotional, or other causes. In modern life, the rapid pace of change can shatter our conceptual frameworks as new issues emerge, leaving us helpless and miserable - this constitutes conceptual stress. Morality, ethics, and traditions from the past are often proving inadequate or irrelevant. Conceptual stress involves defective perceptions, thoughts, emotions, and physical needs associated with abnormal brain activity. It is minimized in those with a self-centered lifestyle but maximized in those with global perspectives who seek solutions to worldwide problems and suffering. Remembering one's true self through namasmart is suggested as a way to gain clarity and overcome conceptual stress.
Concept Of Holistic Medicine Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikarshivsr5
1) Holistic medicine emerges from the realization that different medical disciplines are interconnected rather than separate. It views the human body and health in a unified, comprehensive way.
2) Those who integrate or advocate for dialogue between different medical disciplines fit within the holistic approach. Those who rigidly adhere only to one discipline and oppose dialogue between disciplines take a narrow view.
3) Holistic medicine is trans-disciplinary - it is neither bound by nor opposed to any particular religion, culture, intellectual framework, or ideology. Its goal is to understand the multi-dimensional nature of life and health.
Gita Study Nov 12, 2009 Dr. Shriniwas J. Kashalikarshivsr5
The document discusses the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita. It explains that while the Gita enlightens individuals, societies are always changing so the Gita cannot create an ideal static society. However, by following swadharma and sharing the wisdom of the Gita, individuals can help blossom society for a time. It also explores concepts like adhibhoot, purusha, and the cosmic nature of Krishna according to the Gita's teachings.
The document summarizes key points from chapters 2-4 of the Bhagavad Gita as explained by Krishna to Arjuna. Krishna teaches that the core of the universe and individuals is immortal cosmic consciousness. He urges Arjuna to follow his swadharma, or innate duties, as the path to realizing this consciousness. Krishna explains that actions can either express or lead to cosmic consciousness, through jnana yoga or karma yoga respectively. He elaborates on swadharma and the different varanas, or characteristic personalities, that manifest from consciousness according to one's stage of evolution. Krishna asserts that swadharma is the means to liberation for individuals, society, and the universe
The document describes the author's fond childhood memories of visiting the town of Walaval, including traveling there in a hired van, the narrow red brick roads lined with small shops and houses with tile roofs, and the centuries-old Laxmi-Narayan temple by a lake. As a child, the author had beliefs shaped by their family deity Dev Narayan but later encountered Marxist analysis which caused their beliefs to drift. However, the author now sees value in the concept of family deities as an important part of developing cosmic consciousness over time.
My Spiritual Queston Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikarshivsr5
The document discusses forgetting oneself during namasmāran (remembrance of a divine name). It explains that forgetting oneself in this context does not mean becoming oblivious, but rather forgetting individual doubts and focusing on remedying situations from their root cause. By engaging in namasmāran in this state of forgetting oneself, one can become focused on and active with the unchanging controlling center or Paramātmā, as opposed to the ever-changing illusory situations of māyā. Feedback from other namasmāran practitioners is welcome.
Namasmaran And Stress Dr. Shriniwas J. Kashalikarshivsr5
Namasmaran means remembering the name of God and helps connect an individual to their true self and cosmic consciousness.
The document discusses how namasmaran can help integrate different faculties in an individual, cement social bonds, and unite people of different backgrounds.
Namasmaran is described as a "panacea" and "objective phenomenon" that can benefit people of all backgrounds through regular practice and experience, not just belief. It is a way to realize one's maximum potential.
Meaning Of Conceptual Stress Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikarshivsr5
This document discusses conceptual stress, which is a type of stress caused by intellectual chaos arising from physical, emotional, or other causes. In modern life, the rapid pace of change can shatter our conceptual frameworks as new issues emerge, leaving us helpless and miserable - this constitutes conceptual stress. Morality, ethics, and traditions from the past are often proving inadequate or irrelevant. Conceptual stress involves defective perceptions, thoughts, emotions, and physical needs associated with abnormal brain activity. It is minimized in those with a self-centered lifestyle but maximized in those with global perspectives who seek solutions to worldwide problems and suffering. Remembering one's true self through namasmart is suggested as a way to gain clarity and overcome conceptual stress.
Concept Of Holistic Medicine Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikarshivsr5
1) Holistic medicine emerges from the realization that different medical disciplines are interconnected rather than separate. It views the human body and health in a unified, comprehensive way.
2) Those who integrate or advocate for dialogue between different medical disciplines fit within the holistic approach. Those who rigidly adhere only to one discipline and oppose dialogue between disciplines take a narrow view.
3) Holistic medicine is trans-disciplinary - it is neither bound by nor opposed to any particular religion, culture, intellectual framework, or ideology. Its goal is to understand the multi-dimensional nature of life and health.
Gita Study Nov 12, 2009 Dr. Shriniwas J. Kashalikarshivsr5
The document discusses the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita. It explains that while the Gita enlightens individuals, societies are always changing so the Gita cannot create an ideal static society. However, by following swadharma and sharing the wisdom of the Gita, individuals can help blossom society for a time. It also explores concepts like adhibhoot, purusha, and the cosmic nature of Krishna according to the Gita's teachings.
A M E R I K A N A C H Y A A N T A R A N G A T D Rshivsr5
The document discusses the history and development of the internet over the past 50 years, from its origins as a US military program called ARPANET to the commercialization of the world wide web in the 1990s. It led to an explosion of use and new applications that have transformed how people access information and communicate globally.
The document discusses the results of a study on the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on air pollution. Researchers found that lockdowns led to significant short-term reductions in nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter pollution globally as transportation and industrial activities declined substantially. However, the document notes that the improvements in air quality were temporary and pollution levels rose back to pre-pandemic levels as restrictions eased and activity increased again.
Ankur (Bestseller Marathi Poetry) Dr. Shriiwas Kashalikarshivsr5
The document contains contact information for Dr. Shrinivas Kashalikar over 19 pages, including his email address drsuperliving@gmail.com and website www.superliving.net, which are listed at the top of each page.
Namasmaran, or remembering the name of God, helps to connect all of one's faculties and evolve integrity between thoughts, feelings, and actions.
It is described as a "panacea" and "objective phenomenon" that can benefit people of all backgrounds through blossoming individual and collective potentials.
Regular practice of namasmaran through various traditions is said to unite people of different backgrounds and help actualize spiritual values in daily life.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Y O G A S A N A D E M O N S T R A T I O N Drshivsr5
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Y O G A, M A N A G E M E N T A N D N A M A S M A R A N D Rshivsr5
Yoga is discussed by many scholars but often drifts from common people's lives, either becoming an ascetic practice or just physical exercises. Yoga is actually an art of managing one's life like riding a horse. Indian society was damaged by past forces but can be salvaged by re-exploring scriptural wisdom through the simultaneous practice of yoga, which involves reorienting oneself for individual and universal blossoming. The simplest way to revitalize mainstream lifestyle is through NAMASMARAN.
Yoga is conceived in many ways and is a connection between one's global perspective, thoughts, emotions, and actions in every sphere of life. It also connects metabolic, endocrine, autonomic, and central nervous system activities as well as the right and left cerebral cortex. This yoga can be achieved through NAMASMARAN, as one can verify.
The document discusses the principles of yoga. It states that there are three components to human response - cognition, affect, and conation. The final stage of yoga is the union of these three components, where one senses beyond normal capacity, feels on a deep emotional level, and responds in a way that transcends typical action. This culmination represents the accurate perception, personal satisfaction, and benevolence towards others that defines the ultimate goal of individual and universal progress through conscious evolution. Remembering God's name, as inspired by a guru, can help ensure this process of yoga.
Y O G A K A R M A A N D N A M A S M A R A N D Rshivsr5
1) Nishkama karma in the Bhagavad Gita refers to action without attachment to the results or expectations of outcomes.
2) It is difficult to act without any thought of results, as planning and actions are usually associated with anticipated outcomes.
3) However, subtle actions like thoughts and feelings cannot be defined or quantified in the same way as physical actions, and their causes and effects are not straightforward. Evolved actions become less personal and subjective.
Yoga and superjoy can lead to a union at physical, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual levels that overcomes differences and disputes. The highest union is a spiritual one between a true guru and disciple through namasmarn, or remembrance of God, which dissolves the contradictions between theism and atheism. This realization of union above all differences is what the universe needs today.
Yoga integrates the right and left brain hemispheres. A lack of integration leads to an inability to see connections between fields and prejudices between groups, resulting in injustice and crimes. Even intelligent people can be antisocial without a balance of left and right brain development. NAMASMARAN meditation may help integrate the brain hemispheres and improve individual and global well-being.
[1] This prayer seeks happiness, health, and well-being for all, with no grief.
[2] While some object to prayer seeing it as weakness, the author explains prayers help connect to infinite cosmic powers and remove "blocks" like ego that develop in humans.
[3] Prayers and chanting help reconnect us to the empowering source of consciousness and remove feelings of isolation, reestablishing our link to the greater whole of which we are a part.
Namasmran, or remembering God, is a simple practice that can have benevolent and emancipating effects on both individuals and the environment. While some theories blame issues like poverty, oppression, or biological drives for individual and social problems, these explanations are only partially accurate and can breed hatred. Alternatively, theories that blame individual frailty are also imperfect and can lead to self-abnegation. Namasmran has no proof of its impacts but billions already practice it without knowing the name, and if more engaged it, blossoming of individuals and the world would be inevitable.
1) Prayer is meant to catalyze the culmination of any work in complete satisfaction and global welfare.
2) The essence of worshipping Lord Ganesha is that he represents the experience of enlightenment and cosmic oneness with one's inner and outer environment.
3) It is customary to pray to Lord Ganesha before starting any work because realizing truth is necessary for accurate vision, decision making, and successful action. These prayers provide holistic health or self-realization.
W H Y H O L I S T I C M E D I C I N E D R S H R I N I W A S K A S H A L ...shivsr5
The document discusses why holistic medicine is important. It notes that people have experienced the benefits of treatments like yoga, Ayurveda, and allopathy. More importantly, it is realized that different modalities of treatment, even those not considered formal treatments like music and clothing, work together in complementary and synergistic ways. Since the overall purpose of medicine is to promote holistic health, eradicate disease, and reduce misery, all skills and knowledge from various fields must be combined to achieve this goal.
This document summarizes Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikar's experiences studying the Bhagavad Gita over 20 years. It describes some initial contradictions encountered and an inability to fully understand the text. However, the author was compelled to continue reciting and studying the Gita, feeling it was consuming his consciousness. While the study brought mental agony, it also sparked a paradigm shift in understanding. The author came to see the Gita as enlightening our journey from ignorance to self-realization, and dealing with cosmic principles from eternity. Though full understanding is impossible, studying the Gita empowers one to live with unconditional acceptance and work in harmony with nature.
This document summarizes Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikar's experiences studying the Bhagavad Gita over 20 years. It describes some initial contradictions found, and how over time through practices like namasmarnam, the study became less about intellectual understanding and more about immersing in the consciousness of the Gita. While early interpretations focused on showing socialistic ideals, the understanding deepened to realize the teachings are beyond subjective perspectives and emphasize blossoming together through study and practice. The document reflects on how the study has been a link to past lives and how reciting the Gita benefits development, even without full understanding.
This document discusses the effects of stress on various aspects of individual life and society. Stress can negatively impact the mind by causing tension, anxiety, worry, and lack of confidence. It can also lead to physical issues like headaches, ulcers, high blood pressure, and changes in appetite or sleep patterns. Socially, the accumulation of individual stress can manifest as larger problems in society like wars, terrorism, crimes, and environmental destruction. However, the document maintains that through total stress management, which involves developing awareness of stress and managing perceptions, feelings, and responses, one can overcome these negative effects of stress and realize a dynamic, blissful life of "superliving."
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
A M E R I K A N A C H Y A A N T A R A N G A T D Rshivsr5
The document discusses the history and development of the internet over the past 50 years, from its origins as a US military program called ARPANET to the commercialization of the world wide web in the 1990s. It led to an explosion of use and new applications that have transformed how people access information and communicate globally.
The document discusses the results of a study on the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on air pollution. Researchers found that lockdowns led to significant short-term reductions in nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter pollution globally as transportation and industrial activities declined substantially. However, the document notes that the improvements in air quality were temporary and pollution levels rose back to pre-pandemic levels as restrictions eased and activity increased again.
Ankur (Bestseller Marathi Poetry) Dr. Shriiwas Kashalikarshivsr5
The document contains contact information for Dr. Shrinivas Kashalikar over 19 pages, including his email address drsuperliving@gmail.com and website www.superliving.net, which are listed at the top of each page.
Namasmaran, or remembering the name of God, helps to connect all of one's faculties and evolve integrity between thoughts, feelings, and actions.
It is described as a "panacea" and "objective phenomenon" that can benefit people of all backgrounds through blossoming individual and collective potentials.
Regular practice of namasmaran through various traditions is said to unite people of different backgrounds and help actualize spiritual values in daily life.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Y O G A S A N A D E M O N S T R A T I O N Drshivsr5
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Y O G A, M A N A G E M E N T A N D N A M A S M A R A N D Rshivsr5
Yoga is discussed by many scholars but often drifts from common people's lives, either becoming an ascetic practice or just physical exercises. Yoga is actually an art of managing one's life like riding a horse. Indian society was damaged by past forces but can be salvaged by re-exploring scriptural wisdom through the simultaneous practice of yoga, which involves reorienting oneself for individual and universal blossoming. The simplest way to revitalize mainstream lifestyle is through NAMASMARAN.
Yoga is conceived in many ways and is a connection between one's global perspective, thoughts, emotions, and actions in every sphere of life. It also connects metabolic, endocrine, autonomic, and central nervous system activities as well as the right and left cerebral cortex. This yoga can be achieved through NAMASMARAN, as one can verify.
The document discusses the principles of yoga. It states that there are three components to human response - cognition, affect, and conation. The final stage of yoga is the union of these three components, where one senses beyond normal capacity, feels on a deep emotional level, and responds in a way that transcends typical action. This culmination represents the accurate perception, personal satisfaction, and benevolence towards others that defines the ultimate goal of individual and universal progress through conscious evolution. Remembering God's name, as inspired by a guru, can help ensure this process of yoga.
Y O G A K A R M A A N D N A M A S M A R A N D Rshivsr5
1) Nishkama karma in the Bhagavad Gita refers to action without attachment to the results or expectations of outcomes.
2) It is difficult to act without any thought of results, as planning and actions are usually associated with anticipated outcomes.
3) However, subtle actions like thoughts and feelings cannot be defined or quantified in the same way as physical actions, and their causes and effects are not straightforward. Evolved actions become less personal and subjective.
Yoga and superjoy can lead to a union at physical, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual levels that overcomes differences and disputes. The highest union is a spiritual one between a true guru and disciple through namasmarn, or remembrance of God, which dissolves the contradictions between theism and atheism. This realization of union above all differences is what the universe needs today.
Yoga integrates the right and left brain hemispheres. A lack of integration leads to an inability to see connections between fields and prejudices between groups, resulting in injustice and crimes. Even intelligent people can be antisocial without a balance of left and right brain development. NAMASMARAN meditation may help integrate the brain hemispheres and improve individual and global well-being.
[1] This prayer seeks happiness, health, and well-being for all, with no grief.
[2] While some object to prayer seeing it as weakness, the author explains prayers help connect to infinite cosmic powers and remove "blocks" like ego that develop in humans.
[3] Prayers and chanting help reconnect us to the empowering source of consciousness and remove feelings of isolation, reestablishing our link to the greater whole of which we are a part.
Namasmran, or remembering God, is a simple practice that can have benevolent and emancipating effects on both individuals and the environment. While some theories blame issues like poverty, oppression, or biological drives for individual and social problems, these explanations are only partially accurate and can breed hatred. Alternatively, theories that blame individual frailty are also imperfect and can lead to self-abnegation. Namasmran has no proof of its impacts but billions already practice it without knowing the name, and if more engaged it, blossoming of individuals and the world would be inevitable.
1) Prayer is meant to catalyze the culmination of any work in complete satisfaction and global welfare.
2) The essence of worshipping Lord Ganesha is that he represents the experience of enlightenment and cosmic oneness with one's inner and outer environment.
3) It is customary to pray to Lord Ganesha before starting any work because realizing truth is necessary for accurate vision, decision making, and successful action. These prayers provide holistic health or self-realization.
W H Y H O L I S T I C M E D I C I N E D R S H R I N I W A S K A S H A L ...shivsr5
The document discusses why holistic medicine is important. It notes that people have experienced the benefits of treatments like yoga, Ayurveda, and allopathy. More importantly, it is realized that different modalities of treatment, even those not considered formal treatments like music and clothing, work together in complementary and synergistic ways. Since the overall purpose of medicine is to promote holistic health, eradicate disease, and reduce misery, all skills and knowledge from various fields must be combined to achieve this goal.
This document summarizes Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikar's experiences studying the Bhagavad Gita over 20 years. It describes some initial contradictions encountered and an inability to fully understand the text. However, the author was compelled to continue reciting and studying the Gita, feeling it was consuming his consciousness. While the study brought mental agony, it also sparked a paradigm shift in understanding. The author came to see the Gita as enlightening our journey from ignorance to self-realization, and dealing with cosmic principles from eternity. Though full understanding is impossible, studying the Gita empowers one to live with unconditional acceptance and work in harmony with nature.
This document summarizes Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikar's experiences studying the Bhagavad Gita over 20 years. It describes some initial contradictions found, and how over time through practices like namasmarnam, the study became less about intellectual understanding and more about immersing in the consciousness of the Gita. While early interpretations focused on showing socialistic ideals, the understanding deepened to realize the teachings are beyond subjective perspectives and emphasize blossoming together through study and practice. The document reflects on how the study has been a link to past lives and how reciting the Gita benefits development, even without full understanding.
This document discusses the effects of stress on various aspects of individual life and society. Stress can negatively impact the mind by causing tension, anxiety, worry, and lack of confidence. It can also lead to physical issues like headaches, ulcers, high blood pressure, and changes in appetite or sleep patterns. Socially, the accumulation of individual stress can manifest as larger problems in society like wars, terrorism, crimes, and environmental destruction. However, the document maintains that through total stress management, which involves developing awareness of stress and managing perceptions, feelings, and responses, one can overcome these negative effects of stress and realize a dynamic, blissful life of "superliving."
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
Pictorial and detailed description of patellar instability with sign and symptoms and how to diagnose , what investigations you should go with and how to approach with treatment options . I have presented this slide in my 2nd year junior residency in orthopedics at LLRM medical college Meerut and got good reviews for it
After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
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NAVIGATING THE HORIZONS OF TIME LAPSE EMBRYO MONITORING.pdfRahul Sen
Time-lapse embryo monitoring is an advanced imaging technique used in IVF to continuously observe embryo development. It captures high-resolution images at regular intervals, allowing embryologists to select the most viable embryos for transfer based on detailed growth patterns. This technology enhances embryo selection, potentially increasing pregnancy success rates.
2. Stress is neither; merely in the
environments nor; merely in the
individuals.
Stress is inappropriate interaction or
interactions between environments
and the individuals. The environments
are both internal and external. The
individual responses are also both
internal and external.
Total Stress Management requires that
the interactions are appropriate.
3. NAMASMARAN is an appropriate
and accurate internal as well as
external interaction between internal
and external environments and the
individuals and hence a process of
simultaneous blossoming of the
individual and the environments.
Mere belief and disbelief in this idea
do not matter as the result depends
only on practice or otherwise.
DR. SHRINIWAS KASHALIKAR