When gymnosperms arose during the Lste Carboniforous era, around 300 milion years ago, they were the first trae seed-bearing pianti. The woed. comes from gymno", meaning "nsked," and - wsperm, which refers to "seeds" not actual sperm. Gymnospemms have "naked ieeds," because they de not encase their seeds in fruits as de angiosperms. Symnosperms zere also the first plants to develop polien. Which of the following statements comectly deichibes one of the advantsges of pollen? The development of polien meaps that gyenosperms are not dependent on water for reproductian. The development of pollen means that gymnosperms no longer require sporophytes for reproduction. Pollen is created by the sperm of the plant. th gymoosioenmi, where are the female gametoghees locatod? In the needins or leaves The vametophyte stage ne logger exits in grmnovperma In the ovulate cones 1. Flowess and reproduction in angiosperms Angiosperms are the most diverise group of plants in existence today. Which of the following plant structures do angiosperms possess that are not found in any earliee lineage of plant? Seeds Flowers Polien Most angiosperms incorporate the assistance of animais in their reproductive cycle. This is a major sovancement that gave them an addvantage over other plant ineages and helped them become the dominant type of plant on Earth today Which of the following steps in the reproduction or. nnglosperms 60 animais absist with 7 Check al enat apphy. Send isipersal Polinstion Meiasis The reproductive structures of anglosperms are more complex than in any osher plant innege. The mage shows a batic evamphe or the reproductive structures in phe anglosperm species. Complete the missing labels 22.9 Digging Deeper: Conceptual Learning Activity In angiosperms, which structure represents the female reproductive organs of the plant? Stamen Sepal Carpel The seedless vascular plants not only include well-khown plants such as fems but also groups of plants callied horsetails and cuub imosses. These. plants oniginaliy arose after the bryophytes. Which of the following statements describer why seedless vascuiter plants are better adspted to dry iand than the bryopliytes? Seedioss vascular plants have vascular tssue and roots to effectively absorb and distribute water and nutrienti throughiout the piant. Seediess vascular plants have spores that ean distribute on the wind. Seedless vascular plants have iarger leaves, or fronds, that are more eflective in absorbing nutrients from the envirenment. However, seedless vascular piants are stil heavily dependent on water for reasons oeher than keeping hydrated, Which of the folowing atatenents correctly explains how seediess vasculor plaots are stili dependent on wate? Secdiess vascular piants require water, instead of wind, to spread their ipores. Seedinss vasculor plants still have swimming sperm that need water to reach the eggs for fertiluation: Seediess vascular planta require water to geiminate the spore to grow ints a.