Radiometric dating methods can be applied to metamorphic and igneous rocks, primarily relying on the decay of potassium-40 to argon-40 for age determination. For younger sedimentary rocks, carbon-14 dating is used, but its effectiveness is limited to approximately 50,000 years. Geologists also date older fossils by referencing volcanic ash and igneous rocks above and below them, utilizing slower-decaying elements such as uranium and potassium.

1. What type of rock can be dated with radiometric methods?
Solution
the metamorphic rock and Igneous rock & melt, all are vey slowly cooling and we can measure
radioactivity decay unless or until it cool down below it’s the closure temperature.and more
frequently used radiometric dating technique are depending on breakdown of the Potassium
[40K] to -argon [40Ar]. sharp measurement of 40K to-- 40Ar amount in the igneous rock can tell
you the real amount of time has been passed since this rock crystallized.for the sedimentary
rocks we used Carbon-14 method for young rock( >50,00 years old rock) . This method is
depend upon uptake of the naturally occured radioactive isotope like carbon-14,when living
organism dead than stop accumulating carbon-14 atomes in body,over a time dead living things
incorprated into the sedimentary rock, and geo-scientist calculate radiometric dating by using
this carbon-14 atoms.this method used to measure the age of meteorites, Earth , ages of fossils,
Moon, also early man, ages of mineral deposits, timing of glaciations, recurrence the rates of
volcanic, earthquakes & eruptions Geologists scientist use this radiometric dating method to
estimate or determine that how long ago back rocks were formed, & give information of ages of
the fossils that contained within rocks.
Naturally occurring various radioactive elements in the universe, and we know that Radioactive
atoms are generally inherently unstable ,in radioactive "large atoms" decay into the stable small
daughter atoms.in general When the molten rock cool & forming rock are know as igneous rocks
a lot of radioactive atom were trapped inside the rock. than they starte decaying at the perticular
expected rate. By determine the number of unstable atoms are left in rock & compare to the
number of stable molecule of daughter atoms in a rock, geologist can be estimated the amount of
the time is over since the perticularly rock formed.but the Fossils are frequently found in
sedimentary rock,& not in the igneous rock. Sedimentary rocks can be use to dated a
radioactively,carbon, but the problem is carbon decays vey quickly, this method can only work
for the younger rocks age about 50 thousand years. So that in order to measure or date rock &
older fossils, geologist scientists used layer of the volcanic ash & igneous rock below and above
the fossil.geo- Scientists date the igneous rock by using elements which slow to decay, like
uranium & potassium.