What is Theory
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A theory is a type of abstract thinking that generalizes and results from context-dependent thinking. It is an analytical tool used to understand, explain, and make predictions about a given subject. A theory consists of well-confirmed and explained information about a context. It is a set of ideas that explains observed facts and phenomena. A theory is based on constructs, propositions, boundary conditions and assumptions, and logic - specifically, what concepts are important, how concepts are related, under what circumstances concepts will work, and why concepts are related.
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c. CONTROL: ability to intervene in a particular case or to alter the case of a particular relationship. In the pure case it implies complete understanding of elements and their relationships as well as a closed system. Less purely, it implies knowledge of the principles along which the phenomena vary.
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1. The document discusses various measures of central tendency including mean, median, mode, geometric mean, and harmonic mean.
2. It provides formulas and examples for calculating each measure of central tendency for both ungrouped and grouped data.
3. The merits and demerits of each measure are outlined to help determine which measure is most appropriate depending on the characteristics of the data.
Westernization
Westernization (US) or Westernisation (UK), also Europeanization/Europeanisation or occidentalization/occidentalisation (from the Occident), is a process whereby societies come under or adopt a Western culture in areas such as industry, technology, politics, economics, lifestyle, law, norms, mores, customs, traditions,
Unilineal Evolution
Unilineal Evolution describes a theory proposed by Lewis Henry Morgan that all societies progress through the same three stages of cultural development: from Savagery, where hunting and gathering is practiced; to Barbarism, where a more complex social system emerges; to Civilization, which begins with the development of writing. Morgan believed each culture evolved in a linear path from simple to more complex forms of social organization.
Stereotypes
a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
"the stereotype of the woman as the carer"
Introduction to Religion
Tooba Khalil's presentation topic was "Religion". The presentation provided an introduction to religion, discussing its origin and definition. It noted that religion involves a belief in a superhuman power such as God(s), and that most scholars agree religions share three basic elements - a wisdom or creed, worship or cult, and a code or work. One of the religions discussed was Buddhism.
Sapir Whorf Hyothesis
The Sapir–Whorf hypothesis, also known as the linguistic relativity hypothesis, refers to the proposal that the particular language one speaks influences the way one thinks about reality.
Syncretism
Syncretism refers to the fusion of multiple thought systems or belief systems into a new system. Religious syncretism specifically involves blending elements of two or more religious traditions together. This can occur for many reasons, such as when multiple religious traditions exist in close proximity and influence one another, or during conquest when a dominant religion does not fully replace older local beliefs. Religious syncretism may incorporate beliefs from unrelated traditions, though some religions view this as corrupting their pure original beliefs.
what is Refugee?
a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.
Introduction to Religion
the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods.
"ideas about the relationship between science and religion
TABOO
a rule against doing or saying something in a particular culture or religion. : something that is not acceptable to talk about or do: something that is taboo. See the full definition for taboo in the English Language Learners Dictionary.
Sindhi culture
The Culture of Sindh (Sindhi: سنڌ جي ثقافت,Urdu: سندھ کی ثقافت) has its roots in the Indus Valley Civilization. Sindh has been shaped by the largely desert region, the natural resources it had available, and continuous foreign influence. ... The Sindhi culture is also practiced by the Sindhi diaspora.
Research on covid 19 effects on youths
This document summarizes the effects of COVID-19 on the mental health and psyche of youth based on interviews. It finds that youth are struggling with overthinking, feelings of loss, sadness, anxiety about the health of family and friends, and disrupted sleep. They are missing important life events like graduation and weekly family dinners. The lockdown has also disrupted daily routines and caused financial stress for many. Overall, the pandemic is taking a significant toll on the psychological well-being of young people.
Ceremonial exchange
Gift exchange, also called a ceremonial exchange, the transfer of goods or services that, although regarded as voluntary by the people involved, is part of the expected social behavior.
Economic System Best economic system for Pakistan
This document discusses Pakistan's mixed economy and experiments with different economic models over time. It began with private enterprise but saw nationalization in the 1970s, followed by an "Islamic" economy in the 1980s that banned interest and mandated religious taxes and tithes. Since the 1990s, privatization has increased. The author argues that socialism is the best system for Pakistan, providing statistics showing the negative economic impacts experienced by former Soviet states after transitioning to capitalism. Several socialist movements and parties have advocated for socialism in Pakistan over time in different forms.
Summary writting
A summary is a brief statement or restatement of main points, especially as a conclusion to a work: a summary of a chapter. A brief is a detailed outline, by heads and subheads, of a discourse (usually legal) to be completed: a brief for an argument.
Introduction to Sciology
Sociology is related to other social sciences like anthropology, political science, psychology, and economics.
While sociology and anthropology overlap in their study of human societies and culture, anthropology focuses more on small, traditional societies in the past while sociology examines modern, complex societies. Anthropology contributes concepts and findings to sociology's understanding of historical and cultural influences.
Sociology draws from other social sciences but maintains its distinct focus on social life, social interaction, and how society functions as a system. It analyzes various social phenomena and seeks to understand human behavior in a social context. Sociology both influences and is influenced by related disciplines as it works to explain the development and organization of human
Social anthropology gift_exchange Economic Anthropology
Gift giving is a universal social behavior that occurs at specific occasions and helps mark important life events and status changes. Gift exchange involves an obligation to give, receive, and repay gifts, even if voluntary, in order to maintain social relationships and status. Among the Yoruba people of Nigeria, customary gift giving occurs at events like weddings and visits. Proper gift etiquette, like wrapping gifts, declining gifts twice before accepting, and presenting gifts with the right hand, are important to uphold social norms. The exchange of gifts strengthens social bonds and integration within groups.
Reading comprehension english
The document provides guidance on reading comprehension and answering related questions. It recommends regularly reading materials to improve comprehension skills. When reading a passage, readers should identify the main topic, main idea, and supporting details. They should not read questions first or regress to re-read text. Having a task or purpose gives life direction and prevents boredom, while even disagreeable work is preferable to no work at all. A person with a task will live more happily and productively.
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- 1. UPSRA PANHWAR ROLL NO 40
- 2. A theory is rational type of abstract generalaizing thinking and result of each thinking depending on context and theory and analytical tool for understanding explaining and making predictions about a given subject matter. Word theory is taken from greek word theoria which means to look or to see because in ancient greek knowing was a kind of seeing .Theory is well confirmed and explained information of a context. Theory is set of idea that explains observed fact phenomenas
- 3. : A theory has some basic elements on which itbasedon Construct-that what kind of data information concept important for explain. Propsition- how concepts related to each other. Boundry condition and assumptions - under what circumstances these concepts will work Li0igic-why concepts are related