What Is a Bronx Bomber?
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A Bronx Bomber is a coffee cocktail drink made with espresso, gin, and absinthe. It gets its name from the New York Yankees baseball team, nicknamed the Bronx Bombers. The article recommends using organic coffee to make the drink, as organic coffee avoids potential contaminants from pesticides and chemicals used in commercial coffee growing. It also describes how the recent poor performance of the Yankees baseball team motivated the creation of this drink named in their honor.
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Coffee Berry Borer Threatens Kona Coffee Crop
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/763/coffee-berry-borer-threatens-kona-coffee-crop/
Coffee Berry Borer Threatens Kona Coffee Crop
The Hawaiian coffee growers have appealed directly to a high placed native son for help as the coffee berry borer threatens the coffee crop in the islands. The Kona Coffee Farmers Association and the Hawaii Coffee Association have appealed to both President Barack Obama and Agriculture Secretary Thomas Vilsack for more help in defeating an insect pest that has the potential to destroy the Hawaiian coffee crop. The beetle in question was first spotted in Hawaii in 2010 has multiplied into the billions. There are slightly more than 800, mostly small, coffee farms in the islands and they produce a crop valued at $35 million a year. Kona organic coffee is imperiled as well as the rest of the coffee crop.
Organic or Synthetic Approaches to Fighting a Beetle
Cotton farmers in the Southern United States learned to their dismay many years ago that spraying the heck out of the cotton crop to kill pests could backfire. The insecticide resistant cotton borer beetle destroyed crops because the farmers had removed its natural competitors. Although no one intentionally introduced the beetle into Hawaii the fact that regular coffee is often grown in crowded rows tends to encourage the spread of pests. Growing coffee and other crops out of their natural habitat also upsets the balance of nature. Shade grown organic coffee is grown where birds perch in the trees and are only too happy to help by snacking on insect pests. Let us hope that whatever solution the experts come up with relates to restoring the balance of nature and not adding one more insecticide to what can appear in our morning cup of coffee or kill the birds in the trees.
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http://buyorganiccoffee.org/763/coffee-berry-borer-threatens-kona-coffee-crop/
Coffee Berry Borer Threatens Kona Coffee Crop
The Hawaiian coffee growers have appealed directly to a high placed native son for help as the coffee berry borer threatens the coffee crop in the islands. The Kona Coffee Farmers Association and the Hawaii Coffee Association have appealed to both President Barack Obama and Agriculture Secretary Thomas Vilsack for more help in defeating an insect pest that has the potential to destroy the Hawaiian coffee crop. The beetle in question was first spotted in Hawaii in 2010 has multiplied into the billions. There are slightly more than 800, mostly small, coffee farms in the islands and they produce a crop valued at $35 million a year. Kona organic coffee is imperiled as well as the rest of the coffee crop.
Organic or Synthetic Approaches to Fighting a Beetle
Cotton farmers in the Southern United States learned to their dismay many years ago that spraying the heck out of the cotton crop to kill pests could backfire. The insecticide resistant cotton borer beetle destroyed crops because the farmers had removed its natural competitors. Although no one intentionally introduced the beetle into Hawaii the fact that regular coffee is often grown in crowded rows tends to encourage the spread of pests. Growing coffee and other crops out of their natural habitat also upsets the balance of nature. Shade grown organic coffee is grown where birds perch in the trees and are only too happy to help by snacking on insect pests. Let us hope that whatever solution the experts come up with relates to restoring the balance of nature and not adding one more insecticide to what can appear in our morning cup of coffee or kill the birds in the trees.
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http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1172/benefits-of-organic-coffee/
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USDA certified coffee is the gold standard.
According to the USDA, the following is required for USDA organic coffee certification as well as to all organic food production.
“… Organic food is produced by farmers who emphasize the use of renewable resources and the conservation of soil and water to enhance environmental quality for future generations…”
Organic certified coffees with the USDA seal are the gold standard to which all other organic certified coffees are compared.
However, many small organic coffee growers cannot afford the price of USDA organic coffee certification. Here is where organizations like UTZ and Rainforest Alliance enter the picture.
UTZ Certification
A UTZ grower learns to do the following and then continues to do what is needed.
To reduce and prevent soil erosion, keep records of fertilizer and chemical use and use these products responsibly, follow good farming practices including integrated pest management, avoid deforestation, protect water sources, native and endangered species, use native fauna for shade grown coffee, train workers properly in their own language, implement and follow through on health and safety requirements, teach and require good hygiene, trace coffee from planting to roaster and carry out internal inspections every year.
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http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1578/what%E2%80%99s-the-point-of-organic-coffee/
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Sustainable Organic Farming
Not long ago we posed the question, what does sustainable mean?
Alternet writes about how we should stop using the term sustainable and instead use regenerative or degenerative. They suggest a regeneration revolution.
With the "sustainability" label co-opted by Big Food, it’s time to re-frame agriculture into two categories: regenerative and degenerative.
Last week, PoliticoPro reported that the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture wants “farmers and agricultural interests to come up with a single definition of sustainability in order to avoid confusing the public with various meanings of the term in food and production methods.”
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Organic Coffee versus Regular
Organic Coffee versus Regular
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1993/organic-coffee-versus-regular/
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Similar to What Is a Bronx Bomber?
Benefits of Organic Coffee
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1172/benefits-of-organic-coffee/
Benefits of Organic Coffee
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Certified Organic Coffee
USDA certified coffee is the gold standard.
According to the USDA, the following is required for USDA organic coffee certification as well as to all organic food production.
“… Organic food is produced by farmers who emphasize the use of renewable resources and the conservation of soil and water to enhance environmental quality for future generations…”
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A UTZ grower learns to do the following and then continues to do what is needed.
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What's the Point of Organic Coffee?
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1578/what%E2%80%99s-the-point-of-organic-coffee/
What’s the point of organic coffee when you can walk into Starbucks and buy a good tasting cup of coffee or you can buy Folgers at the store and save money? What are the benefits of organic coffee over the regular stuff? First of all you do not lose any of the health benefits of coffee when you drink health organic coffee. You get the same reduction of the incidence of type II diabetes, various kinds of cancer, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases and depression/suicide by drinking organic coffee as opposed to regular. The point is that organic coffee production is sustainable and better for the earth.
Sustainable Organic Farming
Not long ago we posed the question, what does sustainable mean?
Alternet writes about how we should stop using the term sustainable and instead use regenerative or degenerative. They suggest a regeneration revolution.
With the "sustainability" label co-opted by Big Food, it’s time to re-frame agriculture into two categories: regenerative and degenerative.
Last week, PoliticoPro reported that the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture wants “farmers and agricultural interests to come up with a single definition of sustainability in order to avoid confusing the public with various meanings of the term in food and production methods.”
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Organic Coffee versus Regular
Organic Coffee versus Regular
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1993/organic-coffee-versus-regular/
Why should you choose organic coffee versus regular? After all regular coffee is cheaper, has caffeine and is easy to find at the grocery store. There are two good reasons for drinking organic coffee versus regular, your health and the environment.
Coffee, Organic and Health
Coffee is good for you. There are lots and lots of studies showing that coffee consumption reduces your risk of getting various types of cancer.
In addition coffee improves athletic performance and even your sex life. Coffee drinkers are less depressed and less likely to come down with diseases of aging like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. But how does organic coffee differ from regular coffee in regards to health?
History of Organic Coffee
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/903/history-of-organic-coffee/
History of Organic Coffee
Healthy organic coffee has been around ever since coffee was discovered growing wild and ever since it was first grown. However, the history of organic coffee of the certified variety starts in 1990.
The Organic Foods Production Act was passed in 1990.
It requires the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances which identifies synthetic substances that may be used, and the nonsynthetic substances that cannot be used, in organic production and handling operations.
The reason that organic coffee certification as well as certification of other foods came into being is that farmers learned that they could increase production by using synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides. Because there was no clear way to differentiate between products grown by an organic method and those grown by more modern methods a need arose to certify food as organic. The law states that for coffee to be certified as organic the soil in which it is grown must be free from prohibited substances for at least three years and have been verified as such. There have to be clear boundaries between land on which organic coffee is grown and land where pesticides, herbicides, and prohibited chemical fertilizers are used. This is so that drift of substances from adjacent land will not contaminate the organic plot. Organic coffee certification requires a specific and verifiable plan for all practices and procedures from planting to crop maintenance, to harvest, de-husking, bagging, transport, roasting, packaging, and final transport. Procedures must be in place to insure that there is no contamination of healthy organic coffee with regular coffee produced on soil exposed to contaminants.
Who Does the Checking?
Once there was a set of regulations in place to certify organic coffee the problem was that aside from Hawaii no one grows organic coffee in the USA. And the USDA does not run around Latin America where three fourths of the organic coffee in the world is grown. Thus there are certifying authorities who act on behalf of the USDA. One of these is Bio Latina. These folks office in Lima, Peru but they tramp all over Latin America certifying various organic foods including coffee. One issue for small producers is that the $500 a year certifying fee is too steep a price unless they can get connected to a buyer who will pay the organic rate instead of the regular coffee rate.
Leaf Rust Kills Organic Coffee Crops
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/799/leaf-rust-kills-organic-coffee-crops/
Leaf Rust Kills Organic Coffee Crops
What is strictly natural coffee? Is it healthy organic coffee? Who plants it? Who harvests it? Who processes strictly natural coffee to preserve its organic qualities? Can you find organic coffee antioxidants in strictly natural coffee? Where can you buy strictly natural coffee and does someone certify it? Strictly natural coffee not only grows in the wild but grows where it grows because a bird dropped a seed and the plant started to grow. After all, coffee grew in the wilds of East Africa where it was first recognized and used to brew coffee. Strictly natural coffee is not cultivated but in order for us to consume strictly natural coffee someone needs to pick it and process it, ship it, roast it, and package it. To the extent that strictly natural coffee is not mixed with anything off the coffee farm, treated with chemicals, or dealt with in any way except to roast it and package it, it is truly organic coffee.
Strictly Natural Organic Coffee
To make sure that natural coffee is free of impurities it is wise to look for evidence of organic coffee certification. This indicates that the soil in which the coffee was grown has had no chemicals applied for at least three years. It also guarantees that the coffee was processed, shipped, roasted, and packaged in conditions that guarantee no mixing with other products. There is, however, no guarantee that organic coffee is strictly natural coffee. There are, however, sources of strictly natural coffee. As an example, some types of Panama Mountain grown organic coffee are strictly natural coffee. There are coffee cooperatives in the provinces of Chiriquí and Veraguas in Panama that pick their coffee in the forested highlands. These shade grown organic coffees grow wild, are not cultivated, and receive no fertilizers or chemicals. They are picked at the peak of perfection, dried, and sent for roasting or shipment as green coffee beans. While shade grown organic coffee is normally spaced out to mimic a plant growing naturally, strictly natural coffee does not require the services of a planter to grow in the right location.
Does Strictly Natural Coffee Differ from Organic Coffee?
What is strictly natural coffee? Is it healthy organic coffee? Who plants it? Who harvests it? Who processes strictly natural coffee to preserve its organic qualities? Can you find organic coffee antioxidants in strictly natural coffee? Where can you buy strictly natural coffee and does someone certify it? Strictly natural coffee not only grows in the wild but grows where it grows because a bird dropped a seed and the plant started to grow. After all, coffee grew in the wilds of East Africa where it was first recognized and used to brew coffee. Strictly natural coffee is not cultivated but in order for us to consume strictly natural coffee someone needs to pick it and process it, ship it, roast it, and packag
Coffee Bloom
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1349/coffee-bloom/
Coffee Bloom
What is a coffee bloom and is it a good or bad thing? The coffee bloom is the release of carbon dioxide gas when hot water is poured over ground coffee beans. Carbon dioxide gas is trapped inside coffee beans when they are roasted. Darker roasts contain more carbon dioxide and lighter roasts contain less. Roasted whole beans retain the carbon dioxide longer than roasted and ground coffee and storing in a cool environment keeps the carbon dioxide longer. The antioxidant compounds that give coffee its health benefits and flavor are trapped in the carbon dioxide as well.
More Carbon Dioxide, More Bloom, More Flavor and Better for You
Store your coffee as green beans if you have the ability to roast. Store them as roasted whole beans otherwise. Store in a cool and dry location and grind just enough coffee just before brewing. Doing all of this will give you a bigger coffee bloom when you add water and better flavor and health benefits as well. It all has to do with the antioxidants after all.
Organic Green Coffee with Ginger
Organic Green Coffee with Ginger
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1782/organic-green-coffee-with-ginger/
Have you ever had ginger coffee? If not, here is a recipe and a bit of information about organic green coffee with ginger.
Ginger Coffee Recipe
Ingredients:
6 tablespoons ground organic coffee
1 tablespoon grated orange peel
1 tablespoon chopped crystallized ginger
½ tablespoon ground cinnamon
6 cups of water
Prepare:
Heat water to boiling
Combine coffee, orange peel, ginger and cinnamon and place in cloth filter over container
Pour slightly less than boiling temperature water over coffee grounds
Pour into mugs and garnish with cinnamon sticks, whipped cream and or more orange peel
This concoction is a taste treat. It is also good for you. Both ginger and organic coffee have a host of good effects on your health.
Best Organic Coffee Brands
https://buyorganiccoffee.org/896/best-organic-coffee-brands/
Best Organic Coffee Brands
Are you willing to pay extra for a cup of coffee that is organic? Then you might as well go with the best organic coffee brands. So, first of all, what do high quality organic coffees have in common? And what makes one organic coffee different from another? Are there other factors besides coffee brand that you should pay attention to? And finally what are some of the best organic coffee brands?
What Do the Best Organic Coffee Brands Have in Common?
Climate, soil, elevation
A culture of growing coffee
Certification
Aroma, flavor and antioxidants
Dedication to growing the best coffee
Best Organic Coffee Brands Have These Things in Common: Mountains, volcanic soil and overcast with rain
It is not a coincidence that the good coffee in the world is grown in the mountains. Nor is it just luck that coffee regions have or have had active volcanoes with rich volcanic soil. The best organic coffee brands come from these regions where it is also cloudy and where it rains a lot.
Altitude
Coffee grown at higher altitudes where it is cooler grows more slowly and this results in more taste.
Volcanic Ash Soils
The University of Hawaii at Manoa writes about volcanic ash soils which are called andisols.
Mineralogy: Volcanic soils largely consist of non-crystalline (amorphous) minerals, such as allophone and imogolite. These minerals form strong bonds with organic matter. As a result, organic matter generally accumulates in the surface horizon. In addition to organic matter, volcanic soils may also contain high amounts of volcanic glass material with the possibility of amorphous iron and aluminum minerals.
Physical Traits: Andisols are usually light and fluffy and are easily tilled. Like a sponge, these soils also hold a lot of water.
Fertility: When not highly weathered, volcanic soils are typically very fertile soils.
The short version is that volcanic soils are highly fertile, easy to cultivate, hold water well, and tend to retain other organic nutrients near the surface where plants can use them.
Organic Green Coffee Extract
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/923/organic-green-coffee-extract/
Organic Green Coffee Extract
A recently popular mean of benefiting from organic coffee antioxidants and caffeine is organic green coffee extract. In a fast paced world the argument is that you can get the stimulus of a cup of coffee as well as the benefits of the antioxidants with organic green coffee extract, typically in pill form. This is sort of the old idea that eventually all we would need was one big vitamin pill a day instead of all that food and beverage that we consume. Providing that you do not especially enjoy the aroma of a good cup of healthy organic coffee you can get some of the benefits of coffee from organic green coffee extract. But let us look at what happens when you roast coffee and then you can decide.
Do Coffee Beans Go Bad?
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1681/do-coffee-beans-go-bad/
Do Coffee Beans Go Bad?
If you buy coffee beans, green or roasted, to make coffee at home you don’t want them to go bad. Do coffee beans go bad? There are two issues with bad coffee beans. One is poorly sorted beans after picking and the other is improper storage in transit or in your home.
Stinkers and Other Beans Gone Bad
There is an excellent article at TCC about defected beans. There are black beans and earthy beans, moldy beans and peasy beans. You want to avoid rioy beans, sour beans, stinker beans and whitish beans as well.
Black Beans
Black beans, where the interior of the bean is also more or less completely black depending on the severity of the attack, are beans having undergone a yeast fermentation starting at the epidermis; the surface of the bean is covered with minute holes surrounded by mineral micro crystals, left after enzymatic degradation of cellulose. The more serious the damage, the blacker is the interior of the bean.
Earthy Beans
The presence of 2-methylisoborneol, a secondary metabolite of Actinomycetes, Cyanobacteria and molds, has been associated with the earthy flavor of robusta coffee.
The levels present in robusta coffee are at least three times as high as in arabica (Vitzthum et al., 1990). These data indicate that robusta taste results, at least partially, from contamination by microorganisms rather than from specific aroma components.
Moldy Beans
A mould/yeast level above 105/g is always associated with mustiness in flavor. Geosmin, identified in a heavily rioy and musty tasting sample of Portorican coffee, is probably the substance responsible for moldiness in beans (Spadone et al., 1990).
Organic Coffee Side Effects
https://buyorganiccoffee.org/2235/organic-coffee-side-effects/
Organic Coffee Side Effects
When we think of something having side effects we usually expect something bad. But, that is not the case with organic coffee. Organic coffee side effects are all good! You may be someone who drinks coffee in the morning to get started. Or you may need a cup of java to make it through a long afternoon at work. And you probably like the aroma and flavor of a good cup of coffee. It does not matter why you drink coffee or how much you drink. You will experience positive organic coffee side effects even if you are not aware of them.
Organic Coffee Side Effects
Better quality coffee
Health benefits of coffee
Benefits of organic versus regular coffee
Helping save the environment
Organic Coffee Side Effects, 1: Better Quality Coffee
Your organic coffee is almost always Arabica organic coffee.
There are two basic species of coffee, Arabica and Robusta. Arabica coffee is generally believed to be the first type of coffee to be cultivated with a tradition stretching back over a thousand years. When you buy Arabica organic coffee you are choosing the species of coffee with superior taste.
Arabica has less caffeine than Robusta, the other basic coffee type. But Arabica has more complex flavor and aroma and is the ingredient of most gourmet coffees. So, when you choose organic coffee for whatever purpose, the side effects are better aroma and better taste.
Organic Coffee Side Effects, 2: Health Benefits
Coffee has many health benefits. And most of those benefits come from the antioxidants found in green coffee and also those formed during roasting. Higher quality coffee such as organic coffee typically has more antioxidants and therefore more health benefits.
For the complete lowdown on organic coffee health benefits, take a look at our article of the same name. The short version is that if you drink coffee you are less likely to get a whole bunch of bad diseases. These diseases which you can perhaps avoid include Type II diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, liver cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, colon cancer, death by suicide, and progressive dementia.
Not only are you likely to live longer by drinking coffee, you will perform better and enjoy yourself more along the way. For folks who engage in strength and endurance sports a cup or two of coffee beforehand helps their performance. And, it turns out that sex is better too for coffee drinkers. What? Does coffee make sex better?
Scientific research shows that coffee can lead to sexual arousal in females. Studies of sixtyish men and women show that coffee drinking women have sex more frequently and coffee drinking men have higher potency.
Microbes in human welfare-NCEERT Based for NEET
Microbes are the major components of biological systems on this earth.
There are about one trillion microbe species are known that contribute about 0.001 percentage of total microbes on earth.
Thus 99.99 percentage of microbes are yet to be discovered.
Microbes are present everywhere – in soil, water, air, inside our bodies and that of other animals and plants.
They are present even at sites where no other life-form could possibly exist–sites such as deep inside the geysers (thermal vents) where the temperature may be as high as 1000C, deep in the soil, under the layers of snow several meters thick, and in highly acidic environnements.
Microbes are diverse–protozoa, bacteria, fungi and microscopic plant viruses, viroids and also prions that are proteinaceous infectious agent
Should weDREDGEthe Hudson Riverto remov.docx
Should we
DREDGE
the Hudson River
to remove PCBs ?
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References
1 United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved on October 19, 2009 from, http://epa.gov/superfund/accomp/success/hudson.htm
2 Gordon, J. (January 2001) Dredging Works: The Plattsburgh PCB Cleanup. � HYPERLINK "http://www.clearwater.org" ��www.clearwater.org� retrieved October 20, 2009 from, � HYPERLINK "http://www.clearwater.org/news/works.html" ��www.clearwater.org/news/works.html�
The Hudson River Dredging Project. Retrieved October 20, 2009 from, � HYPERLINK "http://www.hudsondredging.com/about_the_project" ��www.hudsondredging.com/about_the_project�
Hudson River Foundation for Science and Environmental Research. Retrieved on October 20, 2009 from, � HYPERLINK "http://www.hudsonriver.org/download/hrfpcb102901.pdf" ��www.hudsonriver.org/download/hrfpcb102901.pdf�
Clearwater News and Bulletins. (n.d) Fact Sheet 11, Facts About Dredging Hudson River PCBs. Retrieved October 20, 2009, from � HYPERLINK "http://www.clearwater.org/news/dredge.html" ��www.clearwater.org/news/dredge.html�
United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved on October 19, 2009, from � HYPERLINK "http://epa.gov/superfund/accomp/success/hudson.htm" ��http://epa.gov/superfund/accomp/success/hudson.htm�
� HYPERLINK "http://www.epa.gov/hudson" ��http://www.epa.gov/hudson�
Cronin, J. (2009) Answers About Dredging in the Hudson. The New York Times. Retrived on October 17, 2009 from � HYPERLINK "http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/06/17/answers-about-dredging-in-the-hudson/" ��http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/06/17/answers-about-dredging-in-the-hudson/�
In response to the opponents
The PCB dredging project along Lake Champlain in Plattsburgh, NY has demonstrated the effectiveness of environmental dredging.
The three year process removed 25,000 pounds of PCBs, reducing on-site contamination by 90%. Waterfront homes along the shoreline were undisturbed, and swimming beaches and motels stayed open during the process. A paper plant intake valve, which required water clarity with no more than 2 parts per billion of suspended particles, remained open throughout the dredging.2
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The habitat that is temporarily destroyed during dredging will redevelop once the dredging is complete.
The local communities have seen an increase in business revenue from the dredging crews. Dredging has provided new jobs and once complete the site in NY will be a state of the art industry site with access to a waterway.
New York Medical College
Kara Sinon
� HYPERLINK "mailto:[email protected]" ��[email protected]�
ENV 5001: Environmental Influences on Human Health
Fall 2009
Since 1976, high levels of PCBs in fish have led New York State to close various recreational and commercial fisheries and to issue advisories restricting the consumption of fish caught in the Hudson River.
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What is the Controversy?
Opponents of dredging h.
Brewing Ingredients and Process 1 httpwww.grains.o.docx
Brewing Ingredients and Process
1
http://www.grains.org/buyingselling/barley
2
http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/cereal-grains-and-pasta/5687/2
Beer is much more than the sum of its ingredients. Nevertheless, the type of ingredients that make up beer are
fundamental predictors of flavor and quality. Despite the complexity of flavors and aromas in beer, the qualities of beer
are ultimately influenced by 4 different ingredients: malt, yeast, hops, and water.
Despite the importance of the ingredients used, beer is much more than the sum of its ingredients. The process of
brewing is designed to bring the most out of the ingredients used in beer. The general process of brewing hasn’t
changed very much for centuries. The only thing that has changed greatly in the past 300 years is the quantity and
quality of the beer being produced.
Grains for Beer
As mentioned previously, malt is essentially germinated grain. All grains contain the basic parts below:
The germ is where the plant embryo is contained. As well as being absolutely essential for the malting process, the
germ contains vitamins B and E.
http://www.grains.org/buyingselling/barley
http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/cereal-grains-and-pasta/5687/2
The endosperm is important because it contains the carbohydrates, which are the ultimate source of alcohol in beer.
Additionally, storage proteins (gluten in wheat, barley, and rye) contained in the endosperm contribute to head and
mouthfeel of beer.
Bran, while of no direct use in malting or alcoholic fermentation, is nevertheless important because it acts as a filter
during the brewing process as well. Additionally, the bran contains B vitamins.
As stated previously, all types of grains include these parts within them. Because of that, many types of grains are
suitable for brewing. Some grains make for better beers than others, though!
Barley
Barley (Hordeum vulgare)is the favored and most-used grain for beer. Barley is preferred for several reasons:
1) Ripens faster than wheat
2) Germinates rapidly
3) Hardy and salt tolerant
4) Husk is helpful in filtering during brewing
In the US, barley is primarily grown in North Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Washington state. There are 2 main
varieties of barley used in brewing: 2 row and 6 row:
2 row barley has the widest use while 6 row barley is used by the largest breweries. Below are the important differences
(besides grain arrangement) between 2 and 6 row barley:
Barley in the USA
The map
1
below shows where most of the barley in the US is grown. Given the geographic distribution, what can you say
about the climate that barley prefers to grow in?
2 row 6 row
row
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=RWw082n5I6w6yM&tbnid=CgEzqhOQHbw2hM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley&ei=W8GkUdfyE8nJyQHA7ICwCA&psig=AFQjCNFEgoqLsHtZNGZ5CtRIjMc1eWO88g&ust=13 ...
Wholesale Organic Fair Trade Coffee
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1073/wholesale-organic-fair-trade-coffee/
Wholesale Organic Fair Trade Coffee
Where do you find wholesale coffee if your preference is healthy organic coffee? Commonly, wholesale batches of organic coffee are purchased directly from coffee growers and cooperatives, whereas standard coffee commonly enters a worldwide supply chain and ends up where price, supply, and demand dictate. Coffee giants like Starbucks send their people throughout the world to find huge quantities of coffee. What do you do if you want organic coffee at wholesale prices? And what if you want to coffee grower to get a fair price for his coffee? That is where you want wholesale organic fair trade coffee.
Fair Trade Coffee
The essence of fair trade coffee is that it is produced by farmers who are members of a democratically run cooperative. The coffee is grown without the use of child labor. The coffee is organically grown in that the use of pesticides and herbicides is limited. And, importantly, the farmer receives both a minimum price for his crop and a premium for abiding by the criteria involved. Strictly speaking Fair Trade coffee is certified by one of the Fair Trade related agencies. However, there are other coffee certifications that assure one of a fair trade results without necessarily having a fair trade sticker on the bag of coffee. UTZ and Rainforest Alliance are two good choices for wholesale organic fair trade coffee without a specific fair trade label on the package.
Making a Living Growing Organic Coffee
About one percent of the seventy million tons of coffee produced each year is organic coffee. The premium paid for organic versus regular coffee runs from ten to forty percent. At issue for small organic coffee producers is the price of being certified by an agent of the United States Department of Agriculture. It can cost a small coffee grower in the mountains of Panama $500 a year to get and retain certification. If he is not getting a sufficient premium for his organic coffee the extra effort and the cost are not worth it. One route that many small growers take is to affiliate with UTZ or Rainforest Alliance. Both of these agencies teach and require an organic approach to coffee farming, avoidance of child labor and sustainable agricultural practices. They also help the small coffee grower find buyers.
Wholesale Organic Fair Trade Coffee from the Grower
What if you want to purchase wholesale organic fair trade coffee directly from the grower? How do you find coffee growers without tramping up and down the mountains of the Colombian Eje Cafetero (coffee growing axis of Colombia)?
What Does Organic Mean?
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1389/what-does-organic-mean/
What Does Organic Mean?
Coffee is good for you and organic coffee is better. Regarding coffee, just what does organic mean? Here is a primer on healthy organic coffee.
Organic Coffee
Organic coffee is grown with the addition of artificial substances such as synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides or fungicides. Organic coffee is also processed and stored separate from other non-organic produce. To obtain organic coffee certification a grower must abide by several restrictions. Fertilizers must be one hundred percent organic. Such fertilizers include chicken manure, coffee pulp and general compost. Three fourths of all organic coffee is grown in Latin America.
Preserving the Environment
Organic agriculture can strengthen the natural environment's resistance to disease. Organic coffee is commonly shade-grown. This helps preserve forests and provides habitat for birds. Soil erosion is minimized and the water table is spared the polluting effects of synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. Insect populations are more balanced and less likely to case plant disease.
Organic Means Cleaner Coffee
A study by the Australian Food Standards Authority revealed that as many as 133 contaminants may be in a cup of commercially available coffee. These contaminants include metals such as aluminum and zinc, pesticide residues, ochratoxin A, acrylamide, furan, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are found to cause cancer. Furans have been associated with skin disorders, liver problems, certain kinds of cancers, impairment to the reproductive, endocrine, and immune system, as well as effects on embryonic development. What does organic mean? It means a cleaner cup of coffee with no harmful additives.
Similar to What Is a Bronx Bomber? (20)
whole bean coffee, organic coffee, organic coffee antioxidants
whole bean coffee, organic coffee, organic coffee antioxidants
Brewing Ingredients and Process 1 httpwww.grains.o.docx
Brewing Ingredients and Process 1 httpwww.grains.o.docx
More from BuyOrganicCoffee
How Weather and Climate Affect Coffee Leaf Rust
A problem in a coffee growing region like Colombia is that it is full or micro-climates because of the extent of its mountainous terrain. Thus sorting out effects of climate versus effects of local weather on coffee leaf rust can be difficult.
https://youtu.be/bVfQ6vEXNlo
Tree Canopy Cover and Coffee Leaf Rust
What is the relationship of tree canopy cover and coffee leaf rust?
https://youtu.be/CD4FLa7h3ak
Colombian Coffee Triangle
There are many excellent coffees in the world but the region where one can find universally excellent coffee in the greatest quantities is in the West of Colombia in the Paisa region of largely rural Colombia. This region is the coffee triangle but is also called the coffee growing axis (Eje Cafetero in Spanish).
https://youtu.be/iIOfTdEeQ8w
Who Invented Coffee?
The story continues that Kaldi brought berries to a nearby monastery where the abbot experimented with the berries and discovered that roasting, grinding and brewing the beans resulted in coffee as we know it. Thus the person who invented coffee in its original form was someone like the abbot in the story who first brewed coffee.
https://youtu.be/_3uXJO8x1KI
Does Coffee Prevent Covid?
covid prevention, does the coffee benefit with covid wear off, incidence of covid in coffee drinkers
https://youtu.be/KVOSDoLrn1s
Effect of Volcanic Ash on Coffee Plants
Before and after photos of the recent eruption of an undersea in the Tonga island group show some islands dusted gray with ash and some completely black with all green plant life invisible. What are the short as well as long term effects of volcanic ash on coffee plants?
https://youtu.be/d_eDGULbyas
Why the Soil Is So Fertile Where They Grow Colombian Coffee
Nevado Del Ruiz is a very broad volcano, capped by glaciers and extensive snow fields. There is evidence of it erupting going back 8,600 years and eruptions have been observed since 1570. This volcano was responsible for the greatest loss of life from a volcano in the history of Latin America when its 1985 eruption melted the dome of snow and ice.
https://youtu.be/YtcwCwZMCGc
Coffee and Stroke
Over the years evidence has accumulated for many beneficial health effects of drinking coffee. Now investigations regarding coffee and stoke indicate that coffee is helpful in this arena as well. In the USA stroke is the leading cause of death with more than 795,000 having strokes each year. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked or ruptures. This deprives brain tissue of blood supply and that tissue dies.
https://youtu.be/q-CemYL62iw
Coffee Supply Chain Nightmare
The price of coffee has gone up a bit on the NYMEX due a predicted shortfall in Brazil’s coffee crop. But, the price that you pay for coffee is going up even more due to a coffee supply chain nightmare that is affecting global shipping or all goods.
https://youtu.be/OunP8VMsIvQ
Best Coffee for the Best Price
Coffee of higher quality is better than lower quality but generally costs more. With this thought in mind, what is the best coffee for the best price and how much flavor improvement do you get for each dollar spent.
https://youtu.be/SRDjSDSEGZ4
Coffee pests-and-diseases
Coffee leaf rust, root rot disease, and coffee berry disease are among those coffee pests and diseases that take hold in otherwise healthy coffee crops. There are diseases and pests that can infest a coffee crop and ruin it. Knowing how to prevent or treat these problems is essential for a coffee farmer to avoid financial ruin. The greatest damage to coffee crops comes from pathogenic fungi followed by bacteria or viruses.
https://youtu.be/mmsBPFAmSuw
Uses of Robusta Coffee Beans
The two main commercial types of coffee are Arabica and Robusta. Arabica is better-tasting coffee and Colombian coffee growers produce. Robusta has a higher caffeine content, adds a “kick” to Italian espresso, and is the main source of caffeine in soft drinks sold worldwide.
https://youtu.be/eOfx5qxtyso
How Does Drinking Coffee Prevent Type II Diabetes
We have known for many years that there is a relationship between drinking coffee and a reduction in the incidence of type II diabetes. In general, drinking coffee up to about six cups a day increasingly reduces your likelihood of getting this disease.
https://youtu.be/bG_vnD34BAs
Colombian Coffee Facts
When you are looking for reliably great Arabica coffee the best choice, bar none, is coffee from Colombia.
When you are looking for reliably great Arabica coffee the best choice, bar none, is coffee from Colombia. While there are many places in the world that grow and export great coffee Colombia grows great Arabica coffee across a wider region in the Western Andes than any other growing region in the world.
https://youtu.be/pb06IhbH0Mw
Gene Cafe CBR 1200
I love freshly roasted coffee and decided to give home roasting a try. To save money I went the popcorn popper route. My results were not especially good so I checked out the Gene Café CBR 1200.
Single Source Coffee from Colombia
Colombia is the largest producer and exporter of high-quality Arabic coffee and you can get wholesale artisanal, single origin coffee from Colombia as well.
https://youtu.be/0QEmgrpQQuI
Coffee Varieties Grown in Colombia
The soil, weather conditions, coffee-growing culture, and excellent coffee varieties grown in Colombia all contribute to Colombia producing the largest amounts of the finest coffee in the world.
https://youtu.be/0S_l8H4FIbs
Coffee from Colombia
If you are looking for Arabica coffee, high quality coffee, and lots of it, look for coffee from Colombia. Colombia ranks number one in production and export of the highest-quality Arabica coffee. If, before reading further, you would like to purchase coffee directly from Colombia, send us an email at admin@buyorganiccoffee.org. Buy Organic Coffee works with local producers and processors in the Manizales, Colombia region which is the heart of the Colombian coffee-growing district.
https://youtu.be/oL5SmYQdKbo
UTZ Certified Coffee
https://buyorganiccoffee.org/832/utz-certified-coffee/
UTZ Certified Coffee
Individuals looking for organic coffee may run across the UTZ Certified label. This label says that the bag of coffee you are buying came from a coffee farm that employed sustainable agricultural practices, good environmental practices and efficient farm management. A key feature of the UTZ Certified label is that UTZ Certified coffee is traced from grower to roaster. UTZ certified coffee is sold in North America, Europe, and Japan, in nearly fifty nations. According to UTZ,
UTZ Certified stands for sustainable farming and better opportunities for farmers, their families and our planet. The UTZ program enables farmers to learn better farming methods, improve working conditions and take better care of their children and the environment. Through the UTZ-program farmers grow better crops, generate more income and create better opportunities while safeguarding the environment and securing the earth’s natural resources.
UTZ starts by educating the coffee farmer, working with him to achieve organic status, and then follows through by providing a market for his organic coffee.
Tough Requirements, Gradual Implementation with UTZ Certified Coffee
The long term goals of UTZ are good agricultural practices, safe and healthy working conditions, abolishment of child labor, and environmental protection. However, a grower does not need to accomplish all that is required in the first year. This allows a grower to sign up to get his coffee UTZ certified, learn what is necessary, and grow into the long term requirements of the program. Because of the close tracking feature of all UTZ Certified products, consumers of healthy organic coffeeproduced by these growers can be assured of product quality as well as the farming practices that brought it to market.
What UTZ Teaches and Requires
A UTZ grower learns to do the following and then continues to do what is needed.
• Reduce and prevent soil erosion
• Keep records of fertilizer and chemical use and use these products responsibly
• Follow good farming practices including integrated pest management
• Avoid deforestation
• Protect water sources, native and endangered species
• Use native fauna for shade grown coffee
• Train workers properly in their own language
• Implement and follow through on health and safety requirements
• Teach and require good hygiene
• Trace coffee from planting to roaster
• Carry out internal inspections every year
Shade Grown Coffee Benefits
https://buyorganiccoffee.org/2240/shade-grown-coffee-benefits/
Shade Grown Coffee Benefits
Organic coffee is a better choice than regular coffee. This is because organic coffee has all of the benefits of coffee and none of the impurities than can be found in a regular cup or java. And shade grown coffee is often a better choice than plain organic. Why is this? What are the shade grown coffee benefits that convince us to buy shade grown instead of organic or regular coffee?
Shade Grown Coffee
Shade Grown Coffee Benefits
Gourmet coffee
Sustainable agriculture
Preservation of biodiversity
Soil preservation as a priority
Commitment to responsible land management
Shade Grown Coffee Benefits 1: Shade grown is gourmet coffee
A couple of years ago we wrote about gourmet coffee and what that means.
In general gourmet coffee is characterized by high quality beans and skillful preparation. In the world of coffee many consider Jamaican Blue Mountain, Kona from Hawaii, select organic coffees from Panama and Arabic coffee from Colombia as being of high gourmet quality. But there is more to the story.
Growing coffee in the shade results in a finer coffee. This is similar to growing coffee at higher altitudes. The beans mature more slowly and with deeper and richer flavor.
Shade Grown Coffee Benefits 2: Sustainable Agriculture
The ideal way to grow coffee in the shade is to plant coffee within an existing forest. Mother Nature takes care of the rest. In this ideal situation there are no herbicides, fungicides, pesticides or synthetic fertilizers. This is organic coffee at its finest.
Forested coffee farms are bio-rich buffer zones for plants, flowers and wildlife that are at risk as a result of deforestation and poor land management. Planting coffee under the existing forest canopy results in a high quality coffee. And income from selling the shade grown coffee helps the farmer keep the land in its original pristine condition.
Without having to resort to the use of synthetic fertilizers or other chemicals the natural plants are all preserved. And the water table is not polluted. Sustainable agriculture is one of the best shade grown coffee benefits.
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Sharjeel-Imam-Judgement-CRLA-215-2024_29-05-2024.pdf
पीठ ने ट्रायल कोर्ट के आचरण की भी आलोचना की और कहा कि कोई भी चीज आरोपी को सीआरपीसी की धारा 436-ए के तहत राहत मांगने से वंचित नहीं कर सकती
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
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What Ukraine Has Lost During Russia’s Invasion
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
EED - The Container Port PERFORMANCE INDEX 2023
El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
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2024 is the point of certainty. Forecast of UIF experts
2024 is the point of certainty. Forecast of UIF experts
Sharjeel-Imam-Judgement-CRLA-215-2024_29-05-2024.pdf
Sharjeel-Imam-Judgement-CRLA-215-2024_29-05-2024.pdf
What Is a Bronx Bomber?
- 1. What Is a Bronx Bomber? By www.BuyOrganicCoffee.org
- 2. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ No. We are not asking about Mickey Mantle, Roger Maris, Joe DiMaggio, Lou Gehrig or Babe Ruth.
- 3. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ The Bronx Bomber we refer to is a coffee drink with alcohol. The Bronx Bomber is a summer drink but you will be forgiven if you make it in the depths of winter.
- 4. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ Our preference is to make Bronx Bomber coffee with healthy organic coffee and all organic ingredients. So, what is a Bronx Bomber?
- 5. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ The Recipe O Fill a cocktail shaker with cracked ice. O Add 1/8 ounce of absinthe and 1 ½ ounces of gin. O Make a double shot of espresso with one of the Colombian organic coffee brands, pour over the ice and shake briefly. O Pour liquid, straining out the ice, into an eight ounce glass O Drink and repeat process as desired.
- 7. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ You can make this drink with regular coffee but we prefer organic. Healthy organic coffee has been around for a long, long time.
- 8. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ Unfortunately in the modern era the use of pesticides and herbicides has entered the picture in growing many crops, including otherwise healthy organic coffee.
- 9. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ Although non-organic contaminants do not necessarily reduce the beneficial health effects of a healthy cup of organic coffee the non-organic contaminants cause problems of their own.
- 10. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ A study by the Australian Food Standards Authority revealed that as many as 133 contaminants may be in a cup of commercially available coffee.
- 11. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ These contaminants include metals such as aluminum and zinc, pesticide residues, ochratoxin A, acrylamide, furan, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
- 12. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are found to cause cancer. Furans have been associated with skin disorders, liver problems, certain kinds of cancers, impairment to the reproductive, endocrine, and immune system, as well as effects on embryonic development.
- 13. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ And organic coffee is good for the environment. Organic certified coffees are grown to reduce and prevent soil erosion.
- 14. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ Growers use only natural fertilizer and avoid chemical use.
- 15. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ They follow good farming practices including integrated pest management, avoid deforestation, and protect water sources, native and endangered species and use native fauna for shade grown coffee.
- 16. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ Why Would a Bronx Bomber Drink Bronx Bomber Coffee?
- 17. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ The last two years were not kind to the Bronx Bombers.
- 18. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ The Yankees failed to make the playoffs for the second straight year shortstop and backbone of the team, Derek Jeter retired.
- 19. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ This was year after star reliever Mariano Rivera hung up his glove. Bronx Bombers and Bronx Bomber fans may be forgiven for wanting to imbibe an alcoholic drink to help forget the 2015 season.
- 20. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ However, the Bronx Bomber drink contains espresso! So, that will hopefully give the New York Yankees the wakeup that they need to get back on top.
- 21. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ Spring training starts in February and the first game against the Phillies is March 3 in Clearwater, Florida.
- 22. http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1331/what-is- a-bronx-bomber/ So, pack up your cocktail shaker, absinthe, gin and Colombian organic coffee and buy your ice in Florida just before the first game. Come cheer for the Bronx Bombers and enjoy a Bronx Bomber or two in honor of the home team!