This resource provides an introduction to the essential components of sewer systems, including internal plumbing, transition joints, external mainlines, and connections to municipal systems. It also explores different types of sewer materials, highlighting their characteristics and maintenance needs. Additionally, common sewer issues, troubleshooting tips, and guidance on when to seek professional help are covered. An informative overview for anyone looking to understand the basic structure and maintenance of sewer systems.

1. Introduction to Sewer
Systems
• A sewer system is a network of pipes
designed to transport wastewater from
homes and businesses to treatment
facilities.
• Proper maintenance is crucial to prevent
blockages and ensure environmental
safety.

2. Components of a
Sewer System
Internal Plumbing:
Pipes within the building
that carry wastewater to
the main line.
Transition Joint:
Connection point where
internal plumbing meets
the external sewer line.
External Mainline:
Underground pipes that
transport wastewater
from the building to the
city's main sewer line.
City Tap/City Main:
The point where the
building's sewer line
connects to the municipal
sewer system.

3. Types of Sewer Materials
ABS & PVC: Resistant to roots and
corrosion; generally require less
maintenance.
Cast Iron & Clay: Prone to root
intrusion and corrosion; require
regular maintenance.

4. Clean every 1 to 4 years using an
auger or rooter machine.
Cast Iron & Clay Pipes:
Less frequent cleaning needed;
avoid flushing inappropriate items.
ABS & PVC Pipes:
Use sparingly, as it can be
expensive and may not be
necessary for all situations.
Hydro Jetting:
Maintenance
Tips

5. Common Issues and Solutions
Root Intrusion:
Regular cleaning and
root-kill products can
help.
Corrosion:
Consider replacing
old pipes with
modern materials.
Clogs from Foreign
Objects:
Educate household
members on proper
disposal; use drain
guards.

6. For persistent issues or
inspections, contact a
professional plumber.
Professional Help
Regular inspections can
prevent costly repairs and
ensure system longevity.