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HOW TO
GO
GLOBAL ?
OCCASIONAL EXPORTING VS ACTIVE EXPORTING
PASSIVE
INVOLVEMENT
EXPORT TAKES PLACE FROM TIME TO
TIME DEPENDING ON OWN INITIATIVE
OR IN RESPONSE TO ORDERS FROM
ABROAD
ACTIVE
INVOLVEMENT
COMMITMENT TO EXPAND
INTO A PARTICULAR MARKET
WHAT
ARE
THE
WAYS TO ENTER A
FOREIGN
MARKET?
THERE ARE FIVE MAIN
WAYS TO ENTER A
FOREIGN MARKET
Direct
Export
Indirect
Export
Licensing
Joint
Venture
Direct
Investment
WAYS TO ENTER A FOREIGN MARKET
WHAT
ARE
THESE
?
INDIRECT EXPORT
Producer Intermediaries Customer
These intermediaries include
1) Domestic-based export merchants
2) Domestic-based export agents
3) Cooperative organizations
4) Export-management companies
EXPORT MERCHANTS
They buy manufacturer’s product and sell them
abroad
EXPORT AGENTS
Seek and negotiate foreign purchases and are
paid some commission
COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATION
They carry out exporting activities on behalf of
several producers and are partly under their
administrative control
EXPORT MANAGEMENT COMPANIES
They manage a company’s export activity for a
fee
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF
INDIRECT EXPORT ?
LESS INVESTMENT
The firm need not develop an export department, an overseas sales force
etc.
LOWER RISK
The intermediaries bring in the advantage of know how and services. This
ensures that the seller makes fewer mistakes.
DIRECT EXPORT
It occurs when a manufacturer sells directly to an importer or buyer
located in a foreign market.
DIRECT
EXPORT
DOMESTIC
BASED
EXPORT
DIVISION
FOREIGN
BASED
AGENTS
TRAVELLING
EXPORT
SALES
REPRESENTA
TIVES
OVERSEAS
SALES
BRANCH
Thelicensor issues a license to thelicensee to use a manufacturingprocess, trademark, patent, trade
secret and otheritems of value for a fee or royalty
SOME EXAMPLES
DIRECT
INVESTMENT
WHAT IS DIRECT INVESTMENT ?
The purpose of a direct investment is to gain enough control of
a company to exercise control over future decisions. This can
be accomplished by gaining a majority interest or a significant
minority interest. Direct investments can involve management
participation, joint-venture or the sharing of technology and
skills.
TO KEEP IT STRAIGHT & SIMPLE……
IT ISTHEPURCHASE OF A CONTROLLING
INTEREST IN A COMPANYOR ATLEAST
TO HAVEENOUGH INFLUENCE TO DIRECT
THE COURSEOF THE COMPANY.
Some examples of direct investment in India
JOINT VENTURES
 A business arrangement in which two or more
parties agree to pool their resources for the
purpose of accomplishing a specific task. This
task can be a new project or any other business
activity.
 In a joint venture, each of the participants is
responsible for profits, losses and costs
associated with it.
 The venture has its own entity, separate and
apart from the participants' other business
interests.
SOME EXAMPLES
Direct Investment
Licensing
Joint Ventures
Direct Exporting
Indirect Exporting
Commitment,Risk,Controland
Profitability
Created by Akash Yadav, IIT Kharagpur,
during an internship by Prof. Sameer
Mathur, IIM Lucknow.
www.IIMInternship.com

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WHAT ARE THE MAJOR WAYS OF ENTERING A FOREIGN MARKET?

  • 2. OCCASIONAL EXPORTING VS ACTIVE EXPORTING PASSIVE INVOLVEMENT EXPORT TAKES PLACE FROM TIME TO TIME DEPENDING ON OWN INITIATIVE OR IN RESPONSE TO ORDERS FROM ABROAD ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT COMMITMENT TO EXPAND INTO A PARTICULAR MARKET
  • 3. WHAT ARE THE WAYS TO ENTER A FOREIGN MARKET?
  • 4. THERE ARE FIVE MAIN WAYS TO ENTER A FOREIGN MARKET
  • 8. These intermediaries include 1) Domestic-based export merchants 2) Domestic-based export agents 3) Cooperative organizations 4) Export-management companies
  • 9. EXPORT MERCHANTS They buy manufacturer’s product and sell them abroad EXPORT AGENTS Seek and negotiate foreign purchases and are paid some commission
  • 10. COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATION They carry out exporting activities on behalf of several producers and are partly under their administrative control EXPORT MANAGEMENT COMPANIES They manage a company’s export activity for a fee
  • 11. WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF INDIRECT EXPORT ? LESS INVESTMENT The firm need not develop an export department, an overseas sales force etc. LOWER RISK The intermediaries bring in the advantage of know how and services. This ensures that the seller makes fewer mistakes.
  • 12. DIRECT EXPORT It occurs when a manufacturer sells directly to an importer or buyer located in a foreign market. DIRECT EXPORT DOMESTIC BASED EXPORT DIVISION FOREIGN BASED AGENTS TRAVELLING EXPORT SALES REPRESENTA TIVES OVERSEAS SALES BRANCH
  • 13.
  • 14. Thelicensor issues a license to thelicensee to use a manufacturingprocess, trademark, patent, trade secret and otheritems of value for a fee or royalty
  • 17. WHAT IS DIRECT INVESTMENT ? The purpose of a direct investment is to gain enough control of a company to exercise control over future decisions. This can be accomplished by gaining a majority interest or a significant minority interest. Direct investments can involve management participation, joint-venture or the sharing of technology and skills.
  • 18. TO KEEP IT STRAIGHT & SIMPLE…… IT ISTHEPURCHASE OF A CONTROLLING INTEREST IN A COMPANYOR ATLEAST TO HAVEENOUGH INFLUENCE TO DIRECT THE COURSEOF THE COMPANY.
  • 19. Some examples of direct investment in India
  • 20.
  • 21. JOINT VENTURES  A business arrangement in which two or more parties agree to pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task. This task can be a new project or any other business activity.  In a joint venture, each of the participants is responsible for profits, losses and costs associated with it.  The venture has its own entity, separate and apart from the participants' other business interests.
  • 23. Direct Investment Licensing Joint Ventures Direct Exporting Indirect Exporting Commitment,Risk,Controland Profitability
  • 24. Created by Akash Yadav, IIT Kharagpur, during an internship by Prof. Sameer Mathur, IIM Lucknow. www.IIMInternship.com