This presentation was given by Mark Williamson, Director of Action for Happiness on Tues 23 Aug 2011.
It was part of a British Council workshop on the theme of Wellbeing involving young social and political activists from the UK and the Middle East.
It gives an overview of why wellbeing is important and the political context, summarises some important recent scientific findings relating to happiness and suggests some actions that governments and individuals can take to help create a happier society.
Impact of the income on happiness according to the social contextClmentRieux
Most of welfare economics studies focus on the relation between utility and quantities of consumption goods. Our micro-economic approach is not common as we do not only focus on a quantitative analysis, we include the social dimension which is qualitative. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of an income increase on welfare. It focuses on the evaluation of the individual well-being : not too happy, pretty happy, very happy. This paper also shows how the welfare of a person is likely to change to an income increase depending on her social characteristics (age, gender, religion...), we focused on some of them : marital status, labor force status and education. Increasing income leads to a better life evaluation until the income reached approximately 87,000$. Throughout, in order to provide rigorous results, as the outcome is an ordered categorical variable we used an ordered logistic regression model.
Presentation of the article
"Introduction: The Dynamics of Happiness and the Dynamics of Happiness Research"
by Hilke Brockmann, Jan Delhey
(Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2009)
EDUC 510 Cognition and Learning
Dr.Michael Campbell
University of San Diego, 2010
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
At the end of this session, the learner will be able to:
-understand the meaning of happiness economics
-Analyze and judge the economic factors and non economic that affect happiness in real world
-Understand how rising GDP may not increase happiness
-understand the qualitative measurement of happiness
From each reading, …, please discuss in 200 words per reading whatJeanmarieColbert3
From each reading, …, please discuss in 200 words per reading what was most important to you and why. This assignment is a total of 400 words. Please include the appropriate citation for the source used in your answer. Please site the reading provided.
Veenhoven (2011). Can we get happier than we are? In Human Pursuit of Well-Being.
Steward (2012). How To Have a Happy and Productive Office. Management Today.
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303678710
Can We Get Happier Than We Are?
Chapter · May 2011
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1375-8_1
CITATIONS
2
READS
163
1 author:
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
Dealing with diversity in survey questions on the same topic View project
Happiness in different contexts View project
Ruut Veenhoven
Erasmus University Rotterdam
448 PUBLICATIONS 15,604 CITATIONS
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The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.
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This presentation was given by Mark Williamson, Director of Action for Happiness on Tues 23 Aug 2011.
It was part of a British Council workshop on the theme of Wellbeing involving young social and political activists from the UK and the Middle East.
It gives an overview of why wellbeing is important and the political context, summarises some important recent scientific findings relating to happiness and suggests some actions that governments and individuals can take to help create a happier society.
Impact of the income on happiness according to the social contextClmentRieux
Most of welfare economics studies focus on the relation between utility and quantities of consumption goods. Our micro-economic approach is not common as we do not only focus on a quantitative analysis, we include the social dimension which is qualitative. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of an income increase on welfare. It focuses on the evaluation of the individual well-being : not too happy, pretty happy, very happy. This paper also shows how the welfare of a person is likely to change to an income increase depending on her social characteristics (age, gender, religion...), we focused on some of them : marital status, labor force status and education. Increasing income leads to a better life evaluation until the income reached approximately 87,000$. Throughout, in order to provide rigorous results, as the outcome is an ordered categorical variable we used an ordered logistic regression model.
Presentation of the article
"Introduction: The Dynamics of Happiness and the Dynamics of Happiness Research"
by Hilke Brockmann, Jan Delhey
(Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2009)
EDUC 510 Cognition and Learning
Dr.Michael Campbell
University of San Diego, 2010
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
At the end of this session, the learner will be able to:
-understand the meaning of happiness economics
-Analyze and judge the economic factors and non economic that affect happiness in real world
-Understand how rising GDP may not increase happiness
-understand the qualitative measurement of happiness
From each reading, …, please discuss in 200 words per reading whatJeanmarieColbert3
From each reading, …, please discuss in 200 words per reading what was most important to you and why. This assignment is a total of 400 words. Please include the appropriate citation for the source used in your answer. Please site the reading provided.
Veenhoven (2011). Can we get happier than we are? In Human Pursuit of Well-Being.
Steward (2012). How To Have a Happy and Productive Office. Management Today.
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303678710
Can We Get Happier Than We Are?
Chapter · May 2011
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1375-8_1
CITATIONS
2
READS
163
1 author:
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
Dealing with diversity in survey questions on the same topic View project
Happiness in different contexts View project
Ruut Veenhoven
Erasmus University Rotterdam
448 PUBLICATIONS 15,604 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
All content following this page was uploaded by Ruut Veenhoven on 03 June 2016.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303678710_Can_We_Get_Happier_Than_We_Are?enrichId=rgreq-e765e1e98f953d3b531b4ec27fea1606-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzMwMzY3ODcxMDtBUzozNjg4Mjg0NDY5ODYyNDBAMTQ2NDk0Njk2MjExNg%3D%3D&el=1_x_2&_esc=publicationCoverPdf
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The spirit level revisited - slides 15 Mar 17NevinInstitute
Slides from NERI Seminar on ‘The Spirit level revisited: importance of relative income position for well-being’ , presentation by Dr Lisa Wilson, Economist, NERI on 15th March, 2017.
Professor Martin Boddy (Chair, SWO Board and Executive Dean, Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England) delivers a scene-setting presentation on 'getting the measure of prosperity'.
An essay explaining the policy instruments informing the happiness movement and subjective well-being indicators.
The abstract: The author examines subjective indicators of well-being as they relate to the happiness movement, a global effort to create a new economic paradigm. The essay focuses on the prominent international institutions that are developing happiness metrics as well as agencies exploring the use of happiness data for crafting supportive public policy. A definition of happiness metrics, based on international institutions, identifies the primary questions that compose perceived happiness and how this data can be used.
Link to Walden Journal of Social Change: http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/jsc/vol7/iss1/3/
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
The spirit level revisited - slides 15 Mar 17NevinInstitute
Slides from NERI Seminar on ‘The Spirit level revisited: importance of relative income position for well-being’ , presentation by Dr Lisa Wilson, Economist, NERI on 15th March, 2017.
Professor Martin Boddy (Chair, SWO Board and Executive Dean, Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England) delivers a scene-setting presentation on 'getting the measure of prosperity'.
An essay explaining the policy instruments informing the happiness movement and subjective well-being indicators.
The abstract: The author examines subjective indicators of well-being as they relate to the happiness movement, a global effort to create a new economic paradigm. The essay focuses on the prominent international institutions that are developing happiness metrics as well as agencies exploring the use of happiness data for crafting supportive public policy. A definition of happiness metrics, based on international institutions, identifies the primary questions that compose perceived happiness and how this data can be used.
Link to Walden Journal of Social Change: http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/jsc/vol7/iss1/3/
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
Accpac to QuickBooks Conversion Navigating the Transition with Online Account...PaulBryant58
This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to
effectively manage the convert Accpac to QuickBooks , with a particular focus on utilizing online accounting services to streamline the process.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Remote sensing and monitoring are changing the mining industry for the better. These are providing innovative solutions to long-standing challenges. Those related to exploration, extraction, and overall environmental management by mining technology companies Odisha. These technologies make use of satellite imaging, aerial photography and sensors to collect data that might be inaccessible or from hazardous locations. With the use of this technology, mining operations are becoming increasingly efficient. Let us gain more insight into the key aspects associated with remote sensing and monitoring when it comes to mining.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
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"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
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Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
2. Well-Being
(1) What is well-being?
(2) Why should economists be interested in well-being?
(3) Estimating well-being equations
(4) Empirical Findings
3. Well-Being
(1) What is well-being?
Aristotle sees ‘happiness’ and ‘living –well’ as the same thing and that living
well consists of doing something.
Well-Being and Ill-Being – Jeremy Bentham in 19th Century.
World Health Organisation Quality of Life – Concerned with measuring
physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and the
environment.
“What people have or do not have (material); what people do or cannot do with it
(relational); what people think or feel (subjective)”. Wellbeing in Developing
Countries WeD (2009).
4. Well-Being
We focus on subjective well-being (SWB).
However, SWB will be closely correlated with material and
relational factors.
If have a house and car then better-off in yourself (SWB) and
when compared to others (relational).
It is the relative position of an individual that is arguably most
interesting in both the theoretical and empirical literature.
5. Well-Being
Issue of who to compare your well-being to….
(i) keeping up with the Jones’ – neighbour or village effect.
(ii) peer group – fellow worker, average worker, race, gender,
age, caste
(iii) different time periods – yesterday, last year.
(iv) different generations – parents
(v) some pre-determined social norm – sociology.
6. Well-Being
(2) Why should economists be interested in well-being?
Well-being and satisfaction are similar concepts hence can directly test utility.
It is assumed in micro-foundations of neo-classical theory that utility is formed based
on consumption of goods which in itself is determined by the budget constraint
(income).
A
B
Satisfaction=Utility
7. Well-Being
However Easterlin (1974) found that over time happiness did not increase with
income – Easterlin paradox
If increasing income does not increase satisfaction or utility then why be
obsessed with this?
Time
Average
Satisfaction
and GDP per
capita
Satisfaction with life
GDP per capita
8. Well-Being
Richard Layard and others (e.g. Frey and Stutzer, 2002), argue
that it is relative income that explains why happiness does not
increase significantly beyond
(i) a certain level of GDP per capita (Macro)
(ii) a certain individual absolute income level (Micro)
So if your income increases but so does everyone elses then your
relative position is the same.
Indeed, if your income increases but at a slower rate than the
average income increase then your relative position worsens –
income inequality is becoming more skewed towards the very
highest decile in the US and UK…..is this why we’re not more
satisfied?
9. Well-Being
Lucas et al (2004) argue that while income, health and family are
correlated with life satisfaction that they do not explain much of
the variance in satisfaction.
Personality variables account for a much larger share of
subjective satisfaction – use of twin studies indicates that 80% of
the variance in satisfaction is something that comes from within.
Genetic.
Any exogenous shocks thus have an impact on short-term
variation in satisfaction, but in the long-run individuals return to
some ‘set-point’.
10. Well-Being
Years
SWB
Negative Shock – e.g. unemployment,
death, tragic news
Set Point
Positive Shock – e.g.
inheritance, lottery win,
house prices
Older people tend to report
higher levels of life
satisfaction – Why?
0
10
11. Well-Being
Cross-Country Comparisons
Many studies compare countries (e.g. Stevenson and Wolfers, 2008) and
suggest that GDP per capita is significant in subjective happiness.
Other factors that are important include health and unemployment rates.
However variations in happiness between countries can be criticised.
Does someone who scores 8 in Sweden really have the same level of
happiness as someone who scores 8 in India? – reference group.
12. Well-Being
(3) Estimating well-being equations.
Using the Likert scale for happiness or life satisfaction as the dependent
variable.
Economists can test a number of hypotheses.
(1) Are income, wealth, assets positively correlated with happiness?
In cross-country studies use GDP per capita as measure of income.
In national study use income per adult equivalence for household level
income, use the squared term too to see if happiness increases with income at
a decreasing rate.
Same method for information on assets and wealth – may need to create an
index or use factor analysis to get a single measure of household
assets/wealth e.g. pots and pans, knives, agricultural tools.
13. Well-Being
Endogeneity Issues
It could well be that someone of a happier disposition
will earn more in the labour market (Ruut Veenhoven).
This could be picking up social network effects and
being more sociable. It could also be picking up
unobservable characteristics of individuals not
traditionally found in earnings functions, e.g. optimism,
positive attitude, work ethic?
14. Well-Being
(2) Employment and Satisfaction
Well known in the labour economics literature that the unemployed are scarred – we
would expect that the unemployed would, ceteris paribus, report lower levels of
satisfaction than the employed.
As well as this basic test the applied literature has used the satisfaction data to test
whether the searching and non-searching unemployed report different satisfaction
rates.
This tests the neo-classical hypothesis that via maximising utility the non-searching
unemployed are voluntarily unemployed as they choose not to search.
If it is found that the non-searching are as satisfied as the searching unemployed or
even less satisfied then this is consistent with the ‘discouraged worker hypothesis’.
15. Well-Being
(3) Satisfaction and Relative Consumption
Evidence from Hinks and Davies for Malawi (2008), Copestake et al (2009) for
Peru indicates that even amongst very poor communities, as average
consumption increases so satisfaction declines.
Suggests that relative economic position in the community is important to
satisfaction.
This can be tested further by calculating whether your household consumption
(or income) is above the community average or not.
Studies on job satisfaction have found that relative earnings are important –
findings tend to confirm that as the average earnings of someone with your skill
set increases then, ceteris paribus, job satisfaction declines.
change
does
on
satisfacti
increase
n
consumptio
average
As
H
on
satisfacti
in
change
no
is
there
increases
n
consunptio
average
As
H
1
0
16. Well-Being
Other Hypotheses of interest-
Satisfaction and Crime – Powdthavee (2008), Hinks and
Davies (2010).
Satisfaction and Race or Gender – Hinks & Gruen
(2007), Hinks and Davies (2008).
Satisfaction and Social Networks – Hinks and Davies
(2008), Polygamy, Religion and Satisfaction.
17. Well-Being
(4) Empirical Evidence
(i) Well-Being, Income and Relative Income
Evidence is conclusive with a positive relationship
within country well-being or happiness and income
level. For both developing and developed countries.
E.g. Powdthavee (2005), Hinks and Gruen (2007),
Hinks and Davies (2008, 2010) work using cross-
sectional data sets for developing countries.
18. Well-Being
(ii) The Case of Employment Status and Well-Being
Lucas et al (2004, pp.11) find that (i) satisfaction begins to
decline before the worker is unemployed (ii) life satisfaction is
reduced massively when unemployed and (iii) satisfaction
increases but not back to pre-unemployment level.
19. Well-Being
Case Study of South Africa – Kingdon and Knight (2006).
First issue is that of endogeneity – are the unhappiest people more likely to be
unemployed?
Evidence from longitudinal studies by psychologists is that this reverse causality is
‘doubtful’ – Veenhoven suggests that happier people are more likely to be employed
first than unhappier people.
Happiness is on a 5-point scale, 0 is very dissatisfied and 5 is very satisfied.
Only collected for head of households – so not individual level.
The searching unemployment rate = (No. of searching unemployed in HH/No. of
broad labour force participants).
The non-searching unemployment rate = (No of non-searching unemployed in
HH/No. of broad labour force participants).
20.
21. Well-Being
No significant difference in life satisfaction between the
searching and non-searching unemployed.
Implication is to reject the hypothesis that the non-searching
unemployed are happier than the searching and accept that
worker discouragement is at work in South Africa.
Given the strict rate of unemployment is high (still officially 24%
in 2nd quarter of 2009) this is perhaps unsurprising but
importantly adds to the evidence against voluntary
unemployment.
22. Well-Being
An abridged version of an estimated happiness equation taken from Hinks and Davies (2008).
Analysis of some findings:
(i) Find that larger consumption raises life satisfaction. In developing countries there is
still a great need to increase economic growth to raise income levels.
(ii) If relatively better off in terms of consumption then more satisfied. The importance of
relative position is confirmed.
(iii) The perceptions of your neighbours’ wealth positively predicts more satisfaction for
you. Capturing some of the log consumption variable as this coefficient decreases in size.
(iv) Wealthier households (assets) are more satisfied
(vi) The salaried employed and self-employed are more satisfied than farmers.
24. Some Useful Websites for Economics of Wellbeing, Quality of Life and
Happiness
(1) World Health Organisation Quality of Life,
http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/research_tools/whoqolbref/en/
(2) Wellbeing in Developing Countries WeD,
http://www.welldev.org.uk/
(3) World Values Survey
http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org
(4) World data base of Happiness – Ruut Veenhoven
http://worlddatabaseofhappiness.eur.nl/
(5) International Society for Quality of Life Studies
http://www.isqols.org/
25. References
Easterlin, R., (1974), ““Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot?,” in Nations and Households in Economic Growth:
Essays in Honor of Moses Abramovitz, ed. by P. A. David, and M. W. Reder. New York: Academic Press.
Stevenson, B, and Wolfers, J., (2008), “Economic Growth and Subjective Well-Being: Reassessing the Easterlin Paradox”,
NBER Working Paper Series, No. 14282
Layard. R., (2005), Happiness: Lessons from a new science, Penguin, London.
Frey, B., and Stutzer, A., (2002), Happiness and Economics: How the Economy and Institutions Affect Human Well-Being,
Princeton University Press, NJ.
Lucas, R., Clark, A., Georgellis, Y., and Diener, E., (2004), “Unemployment Alters the Set Point for Life Satisfaction”,
Psychological Science, 15(1): 8-13.
Powdthavee, N. (2005). Unhappiness and crime: Evidence from South Africa. Economica, 72, 531–547.),
Hinks, T., & Gruen, C. (2007). What is the structure of South African happiness equations?: Evidence from quality of life
surveys. Social Indicators Research, 82(2), 311–336.
Hinks, T., &Davies, S. (2008). Life satisfaction in Malawi. Journal of International Development, 20, 888–904.
Davies, S., and Hinks, T., (2010), “Crime and Happiness amongst heads of households in Malawi”, Journal of Happiness
Studies, 11: 457-476.
Copestake, J., Guillen-Royo, M., Chou, W. J., Hinks, T., Velazco, J., (2009). The relationship between economic and
subjective wellbeing indicators in Peru. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 4 (2), pp. 155-177.
Kingdon, G., and Knight, J., (2006), “The measurement of unemployment when unemployment is high”, Labour Economics
13(3): 291-315.