1. Non-verbal communication refers to communication without words through gestures, facial expressions, silence, and other means. 2. Effective listening requires focusing on and understanding the speaker, while hearing is a more passive process. 3. Barriers to effective communication include distractions, emotions, language differences, jargon, and organizational or technological issues that interfere with understanding.

9. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
• Refers to non-speech type of communication.
• It is the type of communication that does not include spoken
word.
• It can refer to how we say the words, surroundings that may
affect communication, objects, patterns, and more.
• Remaining in silence or not responding at all is also a form
of nonverbal communication. So, when it is quiet, it does not
necessarily mean that communication is not taking place.
Silence can also mean something.

10. OTHER FORMS OF NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
•1. signals-for example hand signals when
operating a piece of machinery or traffic lights
•2.signs- safety signs, workplace warnings, men’s
ladies disabled toilets, first aid posts
•3. Diagrams – for example, property maps,
diagrams in machinery manual
•4. Symbols- for example, poison schedules, map
legends, machinery gears and levers

11. • -GESTURES- WAIVING, POINTING, THUMBS UP, THUMBS DOWN,
PUTTING FINGER TO YOUR MOUTH.
• SIGN LANGUAGE- HAND GESTURE, BODY LANGUAGE, FACIAL
EXPRESSIONS, TOUCH THAT ALLOW PERSON TO COMMUNICATE THEIR
THOUGHT SAND IDEAS WITHOUT VERBAL SPEECH.
• ELECTRONIC DEVICES- TAPPING ON PICTURES, SYMBOLS ON SCREEN
• FACIAL EXPRESSIONS- RAISING EYEBROWS,
• EYE CONTACT
• SPACE

12. LISTENING VS. HEARING
• Hearing refers to the physical process of perceiving
sounds, while listening refers to paying attention and
processing what is being said.
• Hearing can be passive while listening requires active
engagement and comprehension.
• Hearing is an innate ability while listening is a learned
skill that requires practice and focus.
• Hearing is the passive intake of sound while listening is
the act of intentionally working to comprehend the sounds
you hear.
• Listening is an active process, whereas hearing is a
passive process

13. Effective listening,
•also known as active listening, it describes
when we concentrate on listening to what
someone else has to say. Effective listening
requires conscious effort, and when we do
listen effectively, we are listening to understand
and not just hear what someone has to say.

14. Characteristics of effective listening
include1
•Paying full attention
•Showing that you’re listening through body
language and gestures
•Providing feedback about their problem or
pain
•Avoiding interruptions
•Responding appropriately
•Discovering your interests’ field
•Grasping and understanding the
matter/content

15. Characteristics of effective listening
are:
•Empathy: understanding the speaker’s feelings and
perspective123
•Attention: focusing on the speaker and avoiding
distractions124
•Non-verbal behavior: using body language to
show interest and feedback14
•Probing: asking questions to clarify or explore the
speaker’s message14
•Summarizing: repeating the main points or ideas of
the speaker in your own words4

16. Speaking effectively
•is defined as speaking in such a way that your
message is clearly heard and, if possible, acted
upon.
There are two main elements to speaking effectively:
what you say, and how you say it.

17. Effective speaking
•is the ability to formulate and deliver a
verbal message that is clearly
understood12. It means being able to say
what you want to say in such a way that it is
heard and acted upon1. Whether you are
talking to a major conference about a new
scientific discovery, your children about their
behaviour, or your boss about a pay rise,
you need to be able to speak effectively1.

20. QUESTIONING
1.The action of asking someone questions,
especially in an official context:

21. To choose the most appropriate form of
communication, you should consider the
following factors123:
• Urgency: Consider the urgency of your message and how likely
the audience is to receive and respond to your message based on
the medium.
• Formality: Some types of communication may be more formal
than others.
• Purpose: Knowing the purpose of your message can also help
you choose the right communication medium.
• Relationship: Consider the relationship between the sender and
receiver.
• Accessibility: Consider the accessibility of the medium to the
audience.
• Information type: Consider the type of information you need to
convey.

22. Some of the hindrances to effective
communication include12345
• The use of jargon
• Emotional barriers and taboos
• Lack of attention, interest, distractions, or irrelevance to the receiver
• Differences in perception and viewpoint
• Physical disabilities such as hearing problems or speech difficulties
• Physical barriers to non-verbal communication
• Language differences and the difficulty in understanding unfamiliar
accents
• Semantic barriers
• Psychological barriers
• OrganiZational barriers

23. • JARGON-(Magulong pag uusap) special words or expressions that are used by
a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.
• Examples of Jargons
• Chaka – Hindi maganda – Not pretty
• Fes – Mukha – Face
• Japorms – Porma – Clothes
• Keribels – Kuha mo ba? – Got It?
• Kebs Pa? – Kaya Pa? – Can you still go on?
• Sikyo – Guwardiya – Security Guard
• Purita – Mahirap – Poor People
• Erpat – Ama – Father

24. Emotional and taboos
• Anger - Anger can affect the way your brain processes information given to you. ...
• Pride - The need to be right all the time will not only annoy others, it can shut down effective
communication. ...
• Anxiousness - Anxiety has a negative impact on the part of your brain that manages creativity
and communication skills. ...
• There are 3 Types of Taboos: cultural, religious, and food.
• Cultural Taboos – A cultural taboo is something that is considered
inappropriate to do or discuss within a specific cultural or sub-cultural group.
Cultures such as the Tongans, French, Brazilians, and Native Americans all
have their own taboos. You can also read about American taboos here.
• Religious Taboos – A religious taboo is something forbidden by a religion.
Many actions and thoughts are banned by sacred religious texts such as the
Torah, Old Testament, and Quran.
• Food Taboos – A Food taboo is a restriction on what foods are considered
appropriate to eat, as well as appropriate ways to eat foods. This can also
apply to drinks. Some food taboos are enforced by religions and cultures.

25. •Semantic barriers in communication refer to the
misunderstanding between the sender and
receiver arising due to the different meanings
of words, and other symbols used in the
communication12. Examples of semantic barriers
include the use of idioms, misunderstood words,
non-native speakers, missed or misinterpreted
jokes, differences in emoting, tech trouble, lack of
information, ambiguity and multiple interpretations,
jargon and technical language, semantic noise in
communication channels, misuse of words and
improper word choice, lack of context and non-
verbal cues, vague or abstract language, and
regional or dialectal variations in language34.

27. Psychological barriers
•to communication are internal
factors that can affect the process of
exchanging information and emotions
between individuals. They arise from
our thoughts, emotions, beliefs, and
perspectives, influencing how we
interpret and respond to messages1

29. 1.Which of the following are common barriers
to effective communication?
•Hand gesture
•Distractions
•Be a good listener
•Eyes and facial expressions

30. 2. This results in instances where the message are not
understood ?
•filtering of information
•emotions
•selective perception
•distractions

31. •3. Happens during the communication process as the
information flows from one level to another and from
one person to the other.
•Electronic communication
•Filtering of information
•Be a good listener
•Emotions

32. •4. One word can be interpreted to give
different meanings
•General body language
•Eyes and facial expressions
•Language differences
•Emotions

33. •5.Which of the barriers of effective
communication leads to ineffective
communication?
•Distractions
•Emotions
•Information overload
•Electronic communication

34. •6.This would lead to loss of information and lead to
loss of information and result in ineffective
communication.
•Be a good listener
•Distractions
•Filtering of information
•Information overload

35. •7. Who then becomes the next sender, would
interpret and refine the information based on their
own understanding before sending it on.
•Filtering of information
•Poor listening skills
•Emotions
•Body language

36. •8. This is mainly a communication barrier on the
receiver's end.
•Emotions
•Poor listening skills
•Appearance
•Use of space

37. •9. A message send out when a person is feeling
jovial differs from when the same message is
conveyed when the sender is unhappy
•Be a good listener
•Have a high level of emotional awareness
•Poor listening skills
•Emotions

38. •10. Which of the following below are NOT barriers
to effective communication?
•Selective perception
•Emotions
•Hand gestures
•Poor listening skills