This document outlines trends in information technology and its impact on organizations. It discusses how IT has reshaped organizations by enabling businesses to expand operations globally using telecommunications. It also describes the importance of human resource management for IT and the different skills required for IT personnel, including technical, project management, business, and administration skills. The document further discusses challenges in managing IT human resources, such as attracting and retaining skilled employees, and qualities of effective people management like clear communication and respect for employees.

1. STID3033 Topic 2
People, Organizations, and Systems
Management
1

2. Lecture Outline
 How technology is reshaping
organization?
 Importance of HRM
 IT HRM
2

3. Trends in IT
 Main usage is for data  Cost & size decreased
processing  Use of PCs increased
 government & military  Business & IT staff
 Businesses: financial began to interact
automation
 Technology issues
 Computers were costly increased
and large in size  Networks, E-mail, and
 Not widely used Internet became
necessity
3

4. Role of IT
 No longer just serves a business
 Integral in business strategy
 Impacts every area of business
 Complexity increases
 Responsible for the integration of
information
4

5. How Technology Reshapes
Organizations?
 With rapid advances in telecommunication technology
 Businesses are able to:
• expand their operations
• form alliances and joint ventures
• restructure their assets for greater effectiveness
 Organizations are using telecommunications to:
• reduce the barriers of time and distance
• establish vital new relationships with suppliers and customers
5

6. How Technology Reshapes
Organizations?
 A new model of leadership:
 Contemporary leaders need to be more flexible
• competence: have overall business knowledge and skills
• great communicator, individual coach, team player, technology
master, problem solver, foreign ambassador, change agent,
lifelong learner
 From hierarchy to collaborative work relationships
 structures that favor the use of self-managed teams
 Increasing diversity in the workplace
(globalization)
6

7. How Technology Reshapes
Organizations?
 The changes in organization is partly due to the
introduction of various ICT applications:
 Electronic Applications
 Virtual Learning
 Telecommuting/Telework/SOHO
 Globalization/Borderless
 i.e. to become global powerhouses, companies
invest in
 Global e-business/e-commerce/other IT initiatives
7

8. Importance of Human Resource
 Vital assets that contribute to
business success
 Organizational performance usually
relates directly to individual
performance
8

9. IT/IS Human Resource
 Five categories of IT/IS personnel skills:
 Technical
 Project Management
 Business Domain
 Sourcing
 IT Administration
9

10. Categories of IT Human
Resource Skills
Fig 13.12
10
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 13-10

11. Categories of IT Human
Resource Skills
11
Fig 13.12 continued
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 13-11

12. Managing IT Human Resources
 Recruiting, training and retaining
 Evaluating employee job performance
 Rewarding outstanding performance
 Setting salary and wage levels
 Designing career paths
 Chief Information Officer (CIO)/
 Chief Technology Officer (CTO)
 E-commerce architect
 Technical team leader
 Systems analyst
12

13. Managing IT Human Resources
 Challenges
 scarcity of skilled employees & experienced
managers
• Attracting, recruiting, & retaining
 Essential people management skills
 Attitude & beliefs of good people manager
 Gaining employees’ trust & confidence
13

14. Scarcity of Skilled Employees
 IT managers and their superiors must plan
to cope with skill shortages
 Organizations that fail to manage their
present staff stand little chance of obtaining
and retaining outstanding individuals
14

15. Scarcity of Skilled Employees
 Attracting, recruiting, and retaining qualified staff is a
key responsibility for IS managers in collaboration
with an organization’s HR staff
 Some common practices that managers use to
retain valued IS personnel include:
 Changing the work environment to be more
employee-friendly
 Increasing career development opportunities
 Providing community-building initiatives
 Establishing monetary or other employee incentives
15

16. Common Practices for
Retaining IT Workers
Fig 13.13
16
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 13-16

17. Essential People-Management
Skills
 manage the employees with sensitivity
 provide effective leadership
 engage the employees in a meaningful, self-
satisfying work that offers them a chance for
self-development
 respect for individual dignity
 understand each individual’s preferences
and motivations
17

18. Essential People-Management
Skills
 Ability to communicate across business
disciplines
 Ability to employ consulting skills
 Ability to influence decision making
 Understanding on the related business
process
 Understanding organizational philosophy
 Understanding the strategic goals and
objectives
18

19. Attitudes and Beliefs of Good
People Managers
 employees are honest and industrious and act
with the firm’s best interests in mind
 Believe employees are intelligent and willing to
learn
 That they desire self-fulfillment
 establish environments of high but reasonable
expectations for their employees
 management equals leadership
19

20. Attitudes and Beliefs of Good
People Managers
 Assume responsibility to remove or reduce
barriers to accomplishment
 Expect employees to be thoughtful about their
work, but they also expect action
 Expect employees to solve problems for the firm,
but they also expect them to prevent problems
from occurring
 Establish an environment of high productivity and
good morale
20

21. Increasing Employee Trust
and Confidence
1. Maintain two-way communication with employees to
understand their needs and desires and to share
company information
2. Provide training and complete information so that
employees can work effectively and efficiently
3. Inform employees of promotional and career
advancement opportunities
4. Listen to employee suggestions for improving the
work environment, and respond encouragingly to all
suggestions
21

22. Increasing Employee Trust
and Confidence
1. Sponsor teamwork and cooperation among
department members
2. Be available when employees seek consultation
3. Understand the amount and quality of each
employee’s work
4. Use the knowledge of each employee’s work to grant
fair salary increases and promotions
5. Lead the department enthusiastically toward
achieving its goals and objectives
22

23. Assignment 1 (Group)
 Question:
 Select an organization (government @ private), identify
three related IT positions in the organization. The
positions should represent each level of the three
management levels. For each position, identify its job
specification and describe its responsibilities.
 Report Format:
 Paragraph: TNR 12 & single spacing
 Pages: 3-5
 Date of submission: 13 March 2012
23

24. Assignment 1 (Group)
 Question:
 Determine key skills, traits, and levels of experience
that enable a CIO to be successful.
 Report Format:
 Paragraph: TNR 12 & single spacing
 Pages: 1-3
 Date of submission: 6 March 2012
24

25. Quiz 1
 Next class (6 March 2012)
 Coverage
 Topic 1 & 2
25