1) The document discusses patient-centered outcomes research, which aims to improve patient care through evidence-based practices and less invasive procedures. 2) It describes the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), which has funded over $2 billion in research focusing on issues like cultural factors and LGBTQ healthcare. 3) The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is also mentioned as supporting patient safety, care, and training through various programs.