The document provides guidelines for website design based on principles of usability and readability, including clarity, consistency, conciseness, discriminability, detectability, legibility and comprehensibility. It discusses using whitespace effectively, typography choices, font options, and balancing usability with adding visual interest to satisfy clients. Overall, the document emphasizes designing websites according to usability principles while also trying to maintain visual appeal.

1. Website Design2
Robert Clarkson

2. Ergonomics of Human System
Interaction (ISO 9241)
• Clarity: the information content is conveyed quickly and
accurately.
• Discriminability: the displayed information can be
distinguished accurately.
• Conciseness: users are not overloaded with extraneous
information.
• Consistency: a unique design, conformity with user’s
expectation.
• Detectability: the user’s attention is directed towards
information required.
• Legibility: information is easy to read.
• Comprehensibility: the meaning is clearly understandable,
unambiguous, interpretable, and recognizable.

3. Clarity
Get to the point.
Bullet points when using lists.
Most pertinent information first.
Bold important words.

4. Discriminability
Light text on a dark background, and vice versa.
Careful when using gradients behind text.
Buttons look like buttons.

5. Conciseness
NOT: So the bit the plant stands up on is sorta like lighter than
the darker green of the other plants that can maybe be
available in the wild.
The plant stem is light green.

6. Consistency
Keep navigation in the same place, ie. Don't move it around
between pages.
Clicking on a navigation link takes you to the same place no
matter what page you are on.

7. Detectability
Don't obscure the
information people are
after.
Tables are a good way
of portraying a lot of
information neatly.

8. Legibility

9. Comprehensibility
The information is easy for the person to understand.
Depends a lot on target audience.
How old / clever is the person the information is aimed at?

10. Clients want more WOW or ZING!
Having said all that if we made websites and stuck with this
stuff to the letter they would be all be boring black and white
straight lined boxed things.
Your client might ask for more WOW factor or, a bit more ZING,
or maybe even lightening bolts, because that looks cool.
The trick is to try to maintain all these principles despite your
client wanting more "frills".

11. Website template outline
Fixed width
www.howstuffworks.com
Preferred by designers, can set pixel widths for elements on
the page.
Variable width
www.slashdot.org
developer.android.com/resources
Preferred by technical websites, all about the information.

12. Form follows Function
It doesn't matter how pretty your website is if no one can use it.

13. Typography
Would you please stop your dog
from pooing on our lawn
WOULD YOU PLEASE STOP
YOUR DOG FROM POOING ON
OUR LAWN

14. Font Types
Serif
Sans-Serif
Monospace
Monospaced fonts were widely used in
early computers and computer terminals,
which often had extremely limited
graphical capabilities.

15. Web safe Fonts
http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_websafe_fonts.asp
Web-safe fonts are fonts likely to be present on a wide range of
computer systems, and used by web content authors to
increase the likelihood that content will be displayed in their
chosen font.
If a visitor to a website does not have the specified font, their
browser will attempt to select a similar alternative, based on the
author-specified fallback fonts and generic families.

16. Why are web fonts this way
A technique to download remote fonts was first specified
in the CSS2 specification, which introduced the @font-
face rule.
It was (and remains) controversial because using a
remote font as part of a web page allows the font to be
freely downloaded.
This could result in fonts being used against the terms of
their license or illegally spread through the web.
TrueDoc (PFR), Embedded OpenType (EOT) and Web
Open Font Format (WOFF) are formats designed to
address these issues.

17. Options to get round the font problem
Use an Image containing the font
Use a font thats close to the one you want
The Web Open Font Format (WOFF) is a font format for use in
web pages. It is in the process of being standardized as a
recommendation by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
! Warning Out of scope !
Use flash and import the font into there
http://www.mikeindustries.com/blog/sifr/
Use a Javascript SVG font renderer converter such as Cufon
http://cufon.shoqolate.com/generate/

18. Helvetica
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=McZSUjP1AcE
Find a font
That suggests
"old"
"modern"
"scary"
"happy"

19. Scalable Vector Graphics
SVG has been in development
since 1999 by a group of
companies within the W3C
All major modern web browsers
support and render SVG markup
directly with the very notable
exception of Microsoft Internet
Explorer (IE), although Internet
Explorer 9 supports the basic
SVG feature set.

20. Whitespace
White space should not be considered merely 'blank' space —
it is an important element of design which enables the objects
in it to exist at all, the balance between positive (or non-white)
and the use of negative spaces is key to aesthetic composition.
When space is at a premium, such as some types of magazine,
newspaper, and yellow pages advertising, white space is
limited in order to get as much vital information on to the page
as possible. A page crammed full of text or graphics with very
little white space runs the risk of appearing busy, cluttered, and
is typically difficult to read. Some designs compensate for this
problem through the careful use of leading and typeface.

21. Whitespace
Judicious use of white space can give a page a classic,
elegant, or rich appearance. For example, upscale brands often
use ad layouts with little text and a lot of white space. Inexpert
use of white space can make a page appear incomplete.
More interesting information about whitespace here:
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/whitespace
Find a website with interesting use of whitespace