Web3.0 - the case for open linked data
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Presentation made to National Library of Scotland's Management Forum, March 2011. Explaining open linked data in the Library context and outlining that the Library is well placed to particpate.
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Web3.0 - the case for open linked data
- 1. previously …… http:// www.flickr.com/photos/nlscotland / the commons flick r
- 2. more about … Mr. Connery, 69, grew up in a poor apartment in Edinburgh. Photograph of a four storey tenement in Buccleuch St Einweihung der neuen Wohnung
- 3. web 3.0 http://www.flickr.com/photos/dullhunk/639163562/in/photostream/ aka semantic web linked open data
- 5. the meaning bit
- 8. Lots of meaning … AAT TGMI LCNA TGN NLS LCSH TGMII
- 9. we are quite good at meaning and good things can happen when you are good at meaning ….
- 11. the linking bit
- 12. We need to extend this …..
- 13. into semantic “triples”….. subject predicate object this thing has property something this digital object subject tenements date 1929 colour black & white pubs Edinburgh place
- 14. To this, what a machine “understands”… <rdf:Description rdf:about=" dod:74548028 "> <rda: titleProper xml:lang="en"> Buccleuch Street no.125. Ref. No.161. Area W </rda: titleProper > < dct: subject rdf:resource=" lcsh: sh85133852 #concept "/> <dct: subject rdf:resource=" lcsh:sh85139691#concept "/> <dct: subject rdf:resource=" lcsh:sh85093349#concept "/> <dct: subject rdf:resource=" lcsh:sh85004178#concept "/> <dct: subject rdf:resource=" lcsh:sh85147274#concept "/> <dct: subject rdf:resource=" viaf:88873525 " /> <rda: contentType rdf:resource=" rdaContentType:1014 "/> <rda: mediaType rdf:resource=" rdaMT:1003 "/> <rda: carrierType rdf:resource=" rdaCarrierType:1018 "/> <rda: colourOfStillImage rdf:resource=" rdaCollStillImage:1001 " /> <dct: format rdf:resource=" mimetype:jpeg "/> <rda: fileType rdf:resource=" rdaFileType:1004 "/> <rdarole: photographer > Rushbrook, Alfred, 1867-1937 </rdarole: photographer > <rda: dateOfPublication rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gYear"> 1929 </rda: dateOfPublication > <dct: coverage rdf:resource=” e-uk-st " /> <rda: publishersName rdf:resource=" viaf:132075128 "/> <rda: uniformResourceLocator > http://digital.nls.uk/pageturner.cfm? id= 74506828 </rda: uniformResourceLocator > </rdf>
- 15. so that’s the linking bit
- 16. the open bit we just need to let the metadata go
- 17. and when you put meaning and linking and openness together you get …. web 3.0
- 20. you may now take a shot of tequila LOD cloud NLS
- 21. thank you!
- 22. with thanks to mark goetz & edward tufte for reminding us http://markandrewgoetz.com/blog/index.php/2009/11/my-new-wallpaper/ http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Tufte
Editor's Notes
- In the beginning is web1.0 as invented by TBL where we link pages together. This is the web of documents. This is revolutionary. At NLS we build web based catalogues and a website so that when people “find us” they can “find our stuff” Then later there’s web2.0, this is where the web becomes a social place. They can interact with web resources commenting and contributing to them. At NLS we expose some of our content to Flickr and YouTube and receive feedback, we also engage with services like Facebook and Twitter
- Let’s look at this scenario …… Click “more about” and find ….. The important thing here is … previously when you clicked “more about” you followed links that a human had identified and added. But in this scenario it is all being done automatically by “the machine” and it’s being done “intelligently” so the machine finds stuff relevant to “tenements”. Notice the v
- Library’s been thru web 1.0 (i.e. has a website and people can view collections if they come to the webiste) web2.0 (engaged in social media to enable customer interaction with our collection in spaces beyond the nls website) Web3.0 is the semantic web and linked data. Where we prepare our metadata so that both humans and machines “understand it” and publish the metadata to the world so it can be re-used on a global scale Ask me to come again and I will explain
- Web3.0 is a silly name for an important thing It has nothing to do with web2.0 It’s the next phase of the web So says TBL it’s the transition from documents to metadata It’s about meaning It’s about being openess It’s about joining things up It’s about time we did something ….
- Humans understand this in someways. So if you’ve hear about the film you know about the film called Kings Speech. Instruct browser to search for words and browser returns documents containing those words. This is how the web works just now - can be ambigious and relies on human knowledge up front. We understand the context of this but computers can’t - best we can say is go search for string John Murray. We can’t say get me John Murray the publisher If we search for john murray we’ll come up with all sorts of john murray person, publisher, john murray the boxer or theologian, Murray roundabout in EK
- When we mark like this its easier to specify to the browser to John murray the collection rather than the person or the organization. Stops becoming just text – we start to add some context. We can then help guide a computer to find stuff relevant to what we require.
- We’ve got lots of meaning, people, places, subjects, dates, formats. And particularly scottish ones. Is part of our job as NLS to make sure Scottish things are represented and identified in this way - e.g. our legal deposit requirement. TGN = Getty Thesaurus for Geographic names TGMI = Thesaurus for Graphic Materials I: Subject Terms TGMII = Thesaurus for Graphic Materials II: Genre and Physical Characteristic Terms
- So when you combine our stuff with the markup (identification) - we can achieve stuff like this. E.g. in our browser or in our resource discovery tools
- So we dealt with meaning but still …. The meaning only “means” something to a machine ….. We need to do some work to the “meaning” so that machines can do processing on our behalf.
- We need to get from this which is human readable and processable and extend it …..
- Sh85133852 = tenement houses These are URIs – whole of web3.0 is based on URIs This is RDF – Resource Description Framework. It’s a metadata data model. It just allows you to make statements about short resources in the form of subject-predicate-object.
- To get to that stage we need to indicate the URIs associated with the terms and concepts used in the vocabularies that we use.
- When you
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