1. Digital Libraries à la Carte International Ticer School 2009 Tilburg University 31 July, 2009 Web2.0 features in integratedsearchsystems Benoit PAUWELSUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels

2. Agenda What is Web2.0? Web2.0 in VuFind Amazon reviews DI-fusion: mashup with ULB Libraries blog Social bookmarking with “ShareThis” Contextual Web2.0 services

3. What is Web2.0? Web1.0 Static web pages Web1.5 Dynamic web pages, data coming from databases Web2.0 Short answer: reference to a group of technologies: blogs, wikis, RSS feeds, podcasts, … Long answer: economics, technology and new ideas about the connected society Ergonomic, rich, mashed-up user interfaces Interaction between end users / a more socially connected web Collaboration, contribution, community Web2.0 is NOT a bunch of new web technologies a new version of the Web

4. What is Web2.0? “If Web 2.0 for you is blogs and wikis, then that is people to people. But that was what the Web was supposed to be all along. And, in fact, you know, this ‘Web2.0’, it means using the standards which have been produced by all these people working on Web1.0.” - Tim Berners Lee Web2.0 is about creating new web-based services and applications using (practically) identical technologies as those that were put in place at the birth of the Web

5. What is Web2.0? O’Reilly – What is Web 2.0

6. What is Web2.0? 2.0: a buzzword ? Media 2.0 Law 2.0 Advertising 2.0 Democracy 2.0 Identity 2.0 Library 2.0 use of “2.0” technologies (blogs, wikis, RSS feeds, etc…) Go to where the users are, rather than force then to come to us Give users opportunities to contribute OPAC 2.0 Villes 2.0 Learning 2.0 Search&Find 2.0 …

7. What is Web2.0? Recommended reading Anderson, Paul. 2007. What is Web 2.0? Ideas, technologies and implications for education. JISC Technology and Standards Watch. Feb. 2007. Available online at: http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/techwatch/tsw0701b.pdf

9. Personalization and My Profiles

10. Podcasting and MP3 files

11. Streaming Media –audio and video

12. User-drivenReviews

13. Rankings & User-driven Ratings

14. Instant Messaging and Virtual Reference

15. Photos (e.g. Flickr, Picasa)

16. SociallyDriven Content

17. Social BookmarkingRSS –really simple syndication Wikis New Programming Tools: AJAX, API Blogs and blogging RecommenderFunctionality PersonalizedAlert Web Services Folksonomies, Tagging and Tag Clouds Social Networking Open access, Open Source, Open Content Screencasting

18. Web2.0 in VuFind Faceted search experience Holding information and availability Tagging / Comments Local knowledge base; restricted to community known to administrator of VuFind instance Social bookmarking Using “ShareThis” Data mash-ups Book item reviews Book cover pages RSS syndication For every search query

19. Faceted search experience

20. ILS specific ‘drivers’ for holding information and availability status Voyager, Aleph, III, SirsiDynix , Koha, Evergreen

21. Social features: tagging, comments

22. Social bookmarks

25. Web2.0 in VuFind – Amazon review API request http://webservices.amazon.com/onca/xml/ ?Service=AWSECommerceService &SubscriptionId=yyyy &Operation=ItemLookup &ResponseGroup=Reviews &ItemId=0415235243 XML responsecontainsreview(s) for book with ISBN « 0415235243 » VuFind PHP code analyzesthis XML, extracts the review(s) and presentsit in suitable XHTML

26. …. <Item> <ASIN>0415235243</ASIN><CustomerReviews> <AverageRating>4.0</AverageRating> <TotalReviews>4</TotalReviews> <TotalReviewPages>1</TotalReviewPages><Review> <ASIN>0415235243</ASIN><Rating>5</Rating> <HelpfulVotes>3</HelpfulVotes> <CustomerId>A1SGKLIBZ4L8FX</CustomerId> <TotalVotes>5</TotalVotes> <Date>2006-06-21</Date><Summary> An Impressive Volume With Critical Essays on Naturalism From a Diverse Field of Scholars </Summary><Content> This impressive volume contains critical essays on naturalism from the perspectives of theology, ethics, cosmology, ontology, and epistemology. Various Discovery Fellows make contributions including Robert C. Koons, J.P. Moreland, William Lane Craig, and William Dembski. <br /> <br />Koons begins by noting that there is a simple correlation between existence and the requirement of some non-natural first cause. He observes an irony that science thinks it requires naturalism, when our very ability to practice science, due to the orderly, reliable, and predictable behavior of the universe implies a non-natural intelligent cause. Scientific dependence upon naturalism is self-refuting. <br /> <br />Moreland's quotes Plato to reveal that there really is nothing new under the sun: scholars have been debating naturalism for millennia, and naturalists have been ever pugnacious in their insistence that mutual co-existence is not an option. Moreland recounts that the great philosopher wrote in Sophist: <br /> <br />"They [naturalists] define reality as the same thing as body, and as soon as one of the opposite party asserts that anything without a body is real, they are utterly contemptuous and will not listen to another word. ... On this issue an interminable battle is always going on between the two camps." <br /> <br />Yet the battle may eventually be over if the cosmological data presented by William Lane Craig has anything to do with it. Craig recounts the history of cosmology from when where scholars celebrated an eternal universe with no beginning or end, to one where the universe either has a "supernatural cause" or "one must say that the universe simply sprang into being out of nothing" (Big Bang cosmology mandates an expanding universe that is finite in both space and time.). Craig recounts the words of one team of scientists: "The problem of the origin [of the universe] involves a certain metaphysical aspect which may be either appealing or revolting." <br /> <br />WilliamDembski closes the volume by arguing that naturalism is no more supported by the scientific data in biology than it is supported in cosmology. Irreducible complexity in nature disallows the possibility that life arose via naturalistic mechanisms. It also signifies an intelligent cause that scientists cannot deny any longer. </Content></Review> ….. </CustomerReviews> </item> </Items></ItemLookupResponse>

28. Web2.0 in VuFind – blog mashup DI-fusion @ ULB homepage contains 5 most recent blog entries of Blogus operandi Blogus operandi: http://blogusoperandi.blogspot.com/ blog entries available as RSS feed Create mxml file (FlexBuilder – Adobe) AJAX request for RSS blog entries Control number of entries to show, layout, etc… Compile with mxmlc into a flash document Insert HTML <object> element in homepage, loading the flash document

29. Web2.0 in VuFind – blog mashup <mx:Applicationxmlns:mx="http://www.adobe.com/2006/mxml" …> <mx:HTTPService id="feedRequest" url="http://feeds.feedburner.com/BlogusOperandi?format=xml" …/> <mx:Panel id="centerPannel" width="260" … title="{feedRequest.lastResult.rss.channel.title}"> <mx:DataGriddataProvider="{feedRequest.lastResult.rss.channel.item}" …> <mx:columns><mx:DataGridColumnheaderText="Derniers billets sur le blog" dataField="title"/> </mx:columns> </mx:DataGrid </mx:Panel > </mx:Application>

30. Web2.0 in VuFind – blog mashup

32. Web2.0 in VuFind – ShareThis Insert following JavaScript at an appropriate location <script type="text/javascript" src="http://w.sharethis.com/widget/ ?tabs=web%2Cemail &charset=utf-8 &services=reddit%2Cfacebook%2Cdigg%2Cdelicious %2Cstumbleupon%2Ctechnorati%2Cgoogle_bmarks %2Cyahoo_myweb%2Cmagnolia%2Cfurl &style=default &publisher=cab05d36-ae42-46db-8dbd-199aea87c990 &linkfg=%230066cc"> </script>

33. Integrate Web2.0 in portal Synchronous/asynchronous Web2.0 services AJAX: “Asynchronous JavaScript and XML” Each Web2.0 service comes with its own API API Request (XML) Response Process of data mashup Portal sends HTTP request to Web2.0 service, including some metadata of the object Some (simple) XML is sent back from the Web2.0 service to the portal The portal analyzes the XML and presents the information in an “ergonomic” way

34. Integrate Web2.0 in portal VuFind Catalog CatalogHoldingAndAvail(ISBN) XML - Catalog AmazonReviews(ISBN) Amazon Reviews XML – Amazon reviews Local comment KB LocalComments(LocalID) PHP construct Facebook BookmarkOnFacebook(title,permalink)

35. Contextual Web2.0 services Portal is in full control of which Web2.0 services are delivered to end user. This does not necessarily correspond to what the end user wants: Against the idea of Web2.0 (« power to the people ») Someexamples: Holdings & availability: view holdings of my library Tagging: create and view tags from a specific disciplinary KB Social bookmarking: on specific platforms Institution policy favors Facebook Group of experts use specific platform for peer-to-peer communication Desire to “social bookmark” on same platform, irrespective of which portal used Comments, reviews: language dependent Portal specific EgBICTel: show biography of director of ethesis

38. Contextual Web2.0 services OpenURL ContextObject: 6 Entities The object: Referent The context: ServiceType Requester Referrer ReferringEntity Resolver Each of the entitescanbedescribedthrough identitifer(s) metadata, according to registered XML schema private data

39. Contextual Web2.0 services VuFind Catalog CatalogHoldingAndAvail(ISBN) XML - Catalog AmazonReviews(ISBN) Amazon Reviews XML – Amazon reviews Local comment KB LocalComments(LocalID) PHP construct Facebook BookmarkOnFacebook(title,permalink)

40. Contextual Web2.0 services CO {H&A;ISBN} VuFind OpenURL resolver API1 MyCatalog XML? XML1 CO {Revs;ISBN} API2 Amazon Reviews XML? XML2 NuclearPhysics comment KB CO {Comms;ISBN} API3 XML? XML3 CO {Bkmark;t,pl} KB XML?

41. Contextual Web2.0 services Portal OpenURL resolver MyCatalog API1 XML1 CO {H&A,Revs,Comms,BkMark; t,pl,isbn} Amazon Reviews API2 XML2 XML? NuclearPhysics comment KB API3 XML3 KB

42. Contextual Web2.0 services APIx, XMLx Knowledge of API’s and returned XML must beavailable in the OpenURL resolver OpenURL resolveranalyzes, transforms and merges « XMLx » responsesinto one « XML? » XML? Proposal: express Web2.0 services for an object as a ContextObject Aim: registered OFI Community Profile Name: OXO - Open Contextual Services for Objects 0.2 draftspecifications collaborative effort: TU-NL, TUD-NL, UGent-BE, ULB-BE, VUB-BE http://homepages.ulb.ac.be/~bpauwels/OXO/oxo.docx

45. OXO Metadata format for a referent - expressing services Possibilities: Service type info:ofi/svc:holdings info:ofi/svc:review info:ofi/svc:comment ... description (short, long) Instance of a service description (short, long, full) full description: text | external transaction: description (short, long) action: text | url <svc> <type authority="info:ofi/svc">holding <shortDescription>Paper holdings <longDescription>… <svcInstance> <fullDescription> <text>SILO-NB – P.052403 | ONSITE ONLY | 1(1897)-7(1903) ; 9(1905)- <external> <format>info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:iso20775 <iso:holdings>…</iso:holdings> <transaction> <action type="text"> Fill out form at circulation desk

46. OXO: Amazon review <svc> <type authority="info:ofi/svc">review <shortDescription>Reviews <longDescription>… <svcInstance> <shortDescription>Supplied by Amazon <fullDescription> <text> This impressive volume contains critical essays on naturalism from the perspectives of theology, ethics, cosmology, ontology, and epistemology. Various Discovery Fellows make contributions including Robert C. Koons, J.P. Moreland, William Lane Craig, and William Dembski … <transaction> <action type="url“>http://amazon.com/dp/0415235243

47. OXO: social bookmarking <svc> <type authority="info:ofi/svc">bookmark <shortDescription>Social bookmarking <longDescription>… <svcInstance> <fullDescription> <text>Sharethis on Facebook <transaction> <action type="url"> http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fbibliography.library.villanova.edu%2FRecord%2F4591&t=Aiding%20and%20opposing%20mixed-convection%20heat%20transfer%20in%20a%20vertical%20tube